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飞行器作为空天装备重要的载体,其表面结构和材料差异造成电势差时,易发生静电放电,严重威胁飞行器的运行安全.文章从飞行器表面静电起电研究动态、飞行器静电起电机理、飞行器静电起电测试方法等方面介绍了该领域国内外的研究动态,以及本团队在静电起电机理以及静电起电测试方法方面研究的主要成果.提出了飞行器摩擦起电和喷流起电的测试方法,获得了飞行器摩擦起电与温度、湿度、摩擦速度以及接触面积之间的关系,通过试验测得了飞行器喷流起电使得飞行器带负电的结论,并分析了当前研究存在的问题和重点研究方向,为飞行器静电防护设计和安全性评估提供参考. 相似文献
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Rong Xiaofeng Yang Yumin Liu Xuefei Xiao Wenjun Yang Cheng Wang Zhen Liu Zhaohui Xiao Yuanni Wang Degui Xu Huiying Cai Zhiping 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2022,33(27):21569-21575
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - In this paper, a Q-switched and three-color operation of Neodymium-doped silica all-fiber laser is realized, in which, a few-layer... 相似文献
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Jiangyou Long Qingfa Peng Gaopan Chen Yuliang Zhang Xiaozhu Xie Guoshun Pan Xiaofeng Wang 《Ceramics International》2021,47(16):23134-23143
Femtosecond (fs) lasers have been proved to be reliable tools for high-precision and high-quality micromachining of ceramic materials. Nevertheless, fs laser processing using a single-mode beam with a Gaussian intensity distribution is difficult to obtain large-area flat and uniform processed surfaces. In this study, we utilize a customized diffractive optical element (DOE) to redistribute the laser pulse energy from Gaussian to square-shaped Flat-Top profile to realize centimeter-scale low-damage micromachining on single-crystal 4H–SiC substrates. We systematically investigated the effects of processing parameters on the changes in surface morphology and composition, and an optimal processing strategy was provided. Mechanisms of the formation of surface nanoparticles and the removal of surface micro-burrs were discussed. We also examined the distribution of subsurface defects caused by fs laser processing by removing a thin surface layer with a certain depth through chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Our results show that laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) covered by fine SiO2 nanoparticles form on the fs laser-processed areas. Under optimal parameters, the redeposition of SiO2 nanoparticles can be minimized, and the surface roughness Sa of processed areas reaches 120 ± 8 nm after the removal of a 10 μm thick surface layer. After the laser processing, micro-burrs on original surfaces are effectively removed, and thus the average profile roughness Rz of 2 mm long surface profiles decreases from 920 ± 120 nm to 286 ± 90 nm. No visible micro-pits can be found after removing ~1 μm thick surface layer from the laser-processed substrates. 相似文献
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Jia Dai Xiang Cheng Xiaofeng Li Zhisheng Wang Yufeng Wang Jing Zheng Jun Liu Jiawei Chen Changjin Wu Jinyao Tang 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(48):2106204
Synthetic active matters are perfect model systems for non-equilibrium thermodynamics and of great potential for novel biomedical and environmental applications. However, most applications are limited by the complicated and low-yield preparation, while a scalable synthesis for highly functional microswimmers is highly desired. In this paper, an all-solution synthesis method is developed where the gold-loaded titania-silica nanotree can be produced as a multi-functional self-propulsion microswimmer. By applying light, heat, and electric field, the Janus nanotree demonstrated multi-mode self-propulsion, including photochemical self-electrophoresis by UV and visible light radiation, thermophoresis by near-infrared light radiation, and induced-charge electrophoresis under AC electric field. Due to the scalable synthesis, the Janus nanotree is further demonstrated as a high-efficiency, low-cost, active adsorbent for water decontamination, where the toxic mercury ions can be reclaimed with enhanced efficiency. 相似文献
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Qinhua Wang Xiaofeng Pan Xinpin Wang Shilin Cao Lihui Chen Xiaojuan Ma Liulian Huang Yonghao Ni 《Ceramics International》2021,47(4):4398-4403
Ti3C2Tx (MXene), a new kind of 2D ceramic nanosheets, is receiving more and more attention in the fields of medicine, biology, energy, electronics, etc. However, the preparation and application of MXene in hydrogel is still in its infancy period. Here, we review the latest progress (after 2018) related to MXene hydrogels in time. Aiming at the key issue of the dispersion stability of MXene in hydrogel systems, the preparation strategy, mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of MXene hydrogels are sorted out in detail, and the potential application prospects of MXene composite hydrogel are introduced. Finally, future viewpoints are put forward for the dispersion stability challenges that need solving in the design of MXene hydrogel. 相似文献
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针对相邻缺陷全聚焦超声成像混叠问题,结合低阶、宽有效频带自回归谱外推方法,压缩超声波时域脉冲宽度,实现亚波长级全聚焦(Total focusing method,TFM)成像分辨力。建立碳钢试块模型,设置两个中心间距1.8 mm,直径1.3 mm圆孔,选用中心频率2.25 MHz,32阵元相控阵探头采集全矩阵数据。针对全矩阵数据,选择自回归阶数为2,信号频谱最大幅值下降14 dB为有效频带,建立自回归模型并外推有效频带外的高频与低频成分,随后对全矩阵数据进行延迟叠加处理和TFM成像。仿真结果表明,低阶、宽有效频带自回归谱外推处理方法具有较高的鲁棒性和准确性,TFM成像后可有效分离中心间距0.7λ(λ为超声波长)圆孔,保留缺陷横向位置信息的同时,定位误差不超过0.73%。对碳钢试块中相同位置及尺寸的圆孔进行试验验证,定位误差不超过1.06%,有效地提高TFM成像分辨力。 相似文献
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褐煤水热处理可以脱除有害元素,降低n(O)/n(C)比,提高煤阶,有利于煤的洁净利用。利用高压反应釜对褐煤进行水热处理,采用拉曼光谱(Raman)和傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)对处理后的煤样的化学结构进行分析,探索了不同温度水热处理后煤样微观结构的演变规律。结果表明:150℃水热处理时部分含氧官能团脱除,同时,部分脂肪族侧链断裂及不稳定大分子芳环结构分解形成小分子芳环结构,部分CO分解形成各类醚和羟基;当水热温度升至200℃,处理后褐煤的芳香度指数(R)和芳香结构稠合指数(DOC)上升,表明煤内缩合结构增加,同时,缺陷结构和杂环被去除,大分子芳环结构相对增加,CO大量分解;水热温度继续升高至250℃,褐煤发生氢转移反应导致脂肪族侧链增加;当水热温度达到300℃时,褐煤的芳环结构被破坏,交联结构和无定形碳增加。 相似文献