Novel Fault Management Framework Using Markov Chain in Wireless Sensor Networks: FMMC

Wireless Personal Communications - Due to using wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) in inaccessible areas and applying limitations in making nodes to reduce costs, these networks are prone to faults. The...     

The immune response of cattle, persistently infected with noncytopathic BVDV, after superinfection with antigenically semi-homologous cytopathic BVDV

The present study was undertaken to investigate firing patterns, locations, and projections to the phrenic motor nucleus of respiratory neurons in medullary raphe nuclei of rat. Experiments were performed on spontaneously breathing rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. Extracellular spikes of single respiratory neurons were explored in midline medullary tegmentum. A total of 107 respiratory neurons was recorded in the raphe magnus, obscurus and pallidus. They were classified into the following eight types based on the relation of their firing patterns to the phase of respiration: (1) Inspiratory (I) throughout (n = 42); (2) I-late (n = 9); (3) I-decrementing (n = 1); (4) Pre-I (n = 2); (5) I-frequency modulated (n = 13); (6) Post-I (n = 12); (7) Expiratory (E) (n = 23) and (8) E-frequency modulated neurons (n = 5). Twenty of the 45 respiratory neurons examined were antidromically activated from the phrenic motor nucleus at the C4 spinal level with thresholds of 2-58 microA and latencies of 0.4-2.4 ms. Among the 20 neurons, 11 neurons were I-throughout, five were I-frequency modulated and four were E neurons. These results suggest that there is a population of neurons in the medullary raphe nuclei that projects to the phrenic motor nucleus at the C4 spinal level. It is possible that this projection may, in part, mediate the control of the diaphragmatic muscle motor neurons located in the C4 segments.     

Efficient designs of reversible sequential circuits

The Journal of Supercomputing - Recently, the synthesis of reversible sequential circuits has attracted researchers’ attention for implementing low-power logic designs. So far, the direct and...     

Towards quantum reversible ternary coded decimal adder

Quantum ternary logic is a promising emerging technology for the future quantum computing. Ternary reversible logic circuit design has potential advantages over the binary ones like its logarithmic reduction in the number of qudits. In reversible logic all computations are done in an invertible fashion. In this paper, we propose a new quantum reversible ternary half adder with quantum cost of only 7 and a new quantum ternary full adder with a quantum cost of only 14. We termed it QTFA. Then we propose 3-qutrit parallel adders. Two different structures are suggested: with and without input carry. Next, we propose quantum ternary coded decimal (TCD) detector circuits. Two different approaches are investigated: based on invalid numbers and based on valid numbers. Finally, we propose the quantum realization of TCD adder circuits. Also here, two approaches are discussed. Overall, the proposed reversible ternary full adder is the best between its counterparts comparing the figures of merits. The proposed 3-qutrit parallel adders are compared with the existing designs and the improvements are reported. On the other hand, this paper suggested the quantum reversible TCD adder designs for the first time. All the proposed designs are realized using macro-level ternary Toffoli gates which are built on the top of the ion-trap realizable ternary 1-qutrit gates and 2-qutrit Muthukrishnan–Stroud gates.     

Comparative study of the factors affecting the generativity of office spaces

This study investigated the categories of generative and conservative offices by using syntactic theories and conducting a comparativean alysis of two different layout configurations. Generativity depends on several features that include but are not limited to spatial criteria. Generativity is also affected by aspects that extend beyond the physical, such as the symbolic relationship between the social organism of an organization and the internal structure of a workplace. Results show that no consistent relationship exists between spatial variables and behaviors even though the examined layouts satisfy an organization's basi ccultural require-ments, including privacy, territoriality, and hierarchy. Spatial parameters increase the potential for generativity, but such increase is not guaranteed without necessary changes in the attitudes, programs, and policies of organizations. Recognizing the limits of spatial variables requires evidence-based field research on office settings to determine operational and tailor-made solutions.     

Novel design and simulation of reversible ALU in quantum dot cellular automata

The Journal of Supercomputing - Quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) technology is considered as one of the most suitable replacements to reduce the CMOS-based digital circuit design problems at the...     

Efficient binary to quaternary and vice versa converters: embedding in quaternary arithmetic circuits

The Journal of Supercomputing - Reversible logic is a nowadays promising choice for circuit design technologies since it is having diversified applications in the fields of digital signal...     

Mapping of solar energy potential and solar system capacity in Iran

Studies of the DLR Mediterranean – Concentrated Solar Project indicate Iran can be a part of the Mediterranean renewable power generation chain in 2050 to provide the electrical power demand of Europe. However, Iran as a developing country and due to its large area has some limitations on the number of synoptic stations. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the theoretical solar irradiation potential in Iran by using an Niroo Research Institute irradiation model based on the geographical and meteorological data. Monthly, seasonal, and annual values of irradiation on the ground surface, and extracted solar energy from different tracking systems, are estimated across the country. A typical photovoltaic system, parabolic trough, and dish concentrator are considered and extracted solar energy of them is illustrated on the map. Results of this study make clear that the presented solar atlas can provide appropriate tools for primary study of solar energy potential and extracted energy in Iran.     

An Energy-Efficient Dynamic Resource Management Approach Based on Clustering and Meta-Heuristic Algorithms in Cloud Computing IaaS Platforms

Wireless Personal Communications - Cloud computing as an emerging technology, has revolutionized the information technology industry by elastic on-demand provisioning and De-provisioning of...