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91.
The 28 February, 2006 Tiab earthquake (Mw 6.0), is the first earthquake to have occurred in the transition zone between the Zagros continental collision and the Makran subduction zone for which the aftershock sequence is recorded by a temporary local seismic network. The epicentral distribution of the aftershocks is diffuse and we cannot define a simple alignment at the surface. The depth of the aftershocks increases gently northward and they are primarily concentrated between 15 and 21 km depth, implying a deeper seismogenic layer than the Zagros. Very low-angle thrust faulting deduced from this local study supports thrusting of the Arabian plate beneath central Iran at the southeastern end of the Zagros as suggested previously based on teleseismic data. The focal mechanism of the main shock indicates a thrust mechanism similar to that of other strong earthquakes in this region, while most of the focal mechanisms of the aftershocks are dominantly strike-slip. We propose that the strike-slip mechanisms belong to right-lateral fault systems that accommodate differential motion at the transition between the Zagros collision zone and the Makran subduction zone. If so, this suggests that the convergence between Arabia and central Iran is at present accommodated along the transition zone by a partitioning process. 相似文献
92.
Stefan Wiemer Domenico Giardini Donat Fäh Nicholas Deichmann Souad Sellami 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):449-478
We present the results of a new genera tion of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Switzerland. This study replaces
the previous intensity-based generation of national hazard maps of 1978. Based on a revised moment-magnitude earthquake catalog
for Switzerland and the surrounding regions, covering the period 1300–2003, sets of recurrence parameters (a and b values, M
max ) are estimated. Information on active faulting in Switzerland is too sparse to be used as source model. We develop instead
two models of areal sources. The first oriented towards capturing historical and instrumental seismicity, the second guided
largely by tectonic principles and express ing the alterative view that seismicity is less stationary and thus future activity
may occur in previously quiet regions. To estimate three alterna tive a and b value sets and their relative weighting, we introduce a novel approach based on the modified Akaike information criterion,
which allows us to decide when the data in a zone deserves to be fitted with a zone-specific b value. From these input parameters, we simulate synthetic earthquake catalogs of one-million-year duration down to magnitude
4.0, which also reflect the difference in depth distribution between the Alpine Foreland and the Alps. Using a specific predictive
spectral ground motion model for Switzerland, we estimate expected ground motions in units of the 5% damped acceleration response
spectrum at frequencies of 0.5–10 Hz for all of Switzerland, referenced to rock sites with an estimated shear wave velocity
of 1,500 m/s2 in the upper 30 m. The highest hazard is found in the Wallis, in the Basel region, in Graubünden and along the Alpine front,
with maximum spectral accelerations at 5 Hz frequency reaching 150 cm/s2 for a return period of 475 years and 720 cm/s2 for 10,000 years.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献