钼靶X线摄影对10000名女性乳腺影像检查结果分析

<正>影像学检查在乳腺癌的早期发现中起着重要作用,在众多的影像学检查中,乳腺钼靶X线摄影是早期发现乳腺癌及其他乳腺疾病最直接和可靠的方法之一。本研究旨在评价乳腺X线检查在乳腺疾病中的检出率与准确率,同时     

阴道镜检查对宫颈癌及癌前病变的诊断价值

目的:探讨阴道镜检查在早期宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断中的价值。方法:分析湖北省五峰妇幼保健院阴道镜下活检患者237例临床资料,以病理检查为金标准,其中阴道镜下宫颈活检证实为早期宫颈癌及癌前病变的患者113例,非宫颈癌及癌前病变患者124例。采用诊断试验四格表法分析阴道镜检查的各项评价指标。结果:阴道镜检对宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断灵敏度为80.53%,特异度为83.87%,随病变程度的增加阴道镜诊断阳性率增加。结论:电子阴道镜检查对宫颈癌及癌前病变有很高的诊断价值,可考虑用于宫颈癌的筛查。     

边缘性颌骨骨髓炎60例治疗的体会

人体颌骨解剖结构特殊,容易发生颌骨炎症。边缘性颌骨骨髓炎是继发于骨膜或骨膜下脓肿的骨密质外板的炎性病变,有急慢性之分,无论哪种情况,如果处理不当或是治疗     

肝包虫外囊完整剥除术治疗肝包虫病36例体会

目的探讨肝包虫外囊完整剥除术治疗肝包虫病的疗效。方法回顾性分析2006年1月～2010年1月精河县人民医院应用外囊完整剥除术治疗36例肝包虫病的临床资料。结果36例均获临床治愈,术后无胆漏、残腔感染等并发症,随访16～24个月无复发。结论肝包虫外囊完整剥除术是一种安全可行的术式,解决了传统的内囊摘除术后胆漏、残腔感染、复发的问题,应作为肝包虫囊肿治疗的首选术式。     

旅客携带物放射性超标事件的应急处置

目的 探讨如何有效进行物品放射性超标事件的应急处置.方法 对2010年04月11日烟台空港查获一起旅客携带燃油添加剂进行放射性监测.结果 样品表面0.1m处周围剂量当量率为3.42 μSv/h,232Th比活度为26535.7 Bq/kg,超过限量的26.5倍[1].结论 应加强对航空口岸核与辐射监测工作,完善应急处置...     

先天性巨结肠患儿切除肠管肠黏膜ENS干细胞的初步鉴定

目的 我们已经证实p75NTR阳性细胞在HD(Hirschsprung's disease)患儿切除肠管的移形段和扩张段肌间丛及黏膜下丛存在,本研究拟对肠黏膜层进行研究.另外,为了明确Metzger等在肠黏膜活检标本中分离体外培养出的肠黏膜ENS干细胞是胚胎残留还是其他肠黏膜干细胞在诱导分化过程中转化而来,本研究选用了不同时期肠神经干细胞标记物(早期:SOX10和Nestin中晚期:TUJ1;晚期:GFAP),对病理已证实的婴儿组(年龄≤1岁)和幼儿组(年龄＞1岁)HD患儿的切除肠管标本连续切片后进行研究.同时对黏膜层、黏膜下丛及肌间丛的SOX10、Nestin、TUJ1及GFAP强阳性表达率进行综合分析,明确GNCSCs在三层间的存在差异及其与年龄间的关系,以指导临床取材.方法 收集临床诊断及病理确诊的HD患儿手术切除标本15例,分为婴儿组(8例)及幼儿组(7例),长段型(2例)及常见型(13例).沿肠管纵轴各取材一处并将其分为3组:第一组为狭窄段肠管,第二组为移行段肠管,第三组为扩张段肠管.对照组选用切除扩张段肠管的近端肠管,阴性对照应用TBS缓冲液作为一抗.应用S-P法分析四个指标在各标本、各部位的表达情况.结果 SOX10、Nestin和TUJ1在移行段和扩张段黏膜层均有强阳性表达,且在黏膜固有层呈散在分布,但主要位于近黏膜肌层,GFAP在移行段和扩张段黏膜层未见阳性表达.肌间丛SOX10、Nestin、TUJ1和GFAP免疫阳性细胞的强阳性表达率高于黏膜下丛,黏膜下丛强阳性表达率高于黏膜层.婴儿组患儿在扩张段肌间丛SOX10和Nestin强阳性表达率较幼儿组高.婴儿组扩张段黏膜层SOX10和Nestin强阳性表达率较幼儿组高.结论 在HD患儿有神经节段肠管肠黏膜可能存在ENS干细胞或前体细胞,且在肠黏膜固有层呈散在分布,但主要定位于近黏膜肌层.SOX10、Nestin、TUJ1和GFAP在HD患儿肌间丛表达水平较黏膜下丛高,而黏膜下丛表达水平较黏膜层高.婴儿组扩张段黏膜层SOX10和Nestin表达水平可能较幼儿组高,随年龄增长可能逐渐降低.初步判定存在于肠黏膜的ENS干细胞或前体细胞可能来源于肠神经嵴细胞.

Abstract：

Objective To identify the enteric nervous system (ENS) stem cells in intestinal mucosa of the patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD). Methods Fifteen patients were pathologically diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease. They underwent surgery to remove the aganglionic intestines.The removed intestines were collected for this study. Of the 15 patients, 8 were infants (age≤1 year)and 7 were toddlers (age＞ 1year). Two were long-segment HD, and 13 were short-segment HD.Three pieces of tissues were collected from the stenotic segment, transitional zone and dilated segment of the removed intestines. The intestines proximate to the dilated segment were selected as controls.Immunohistochemical staining of stem cell markers including SOX10, Nestin, TuJ1 and GFAP was performed to indentify the ENS stem cells in intestinal mucosa. The TBS buffer was used as the negative control of the primary antibody. The S-P method was applied to analyze the expressions of the 4stem cell markers through the intestine. Results The expressions of SOX10, Nestin, and TUJ1 in the mucosa of the transitional zone and dilated segment were strong. And scattered SOX10, Nestin, and TUJ1 positive cells were observed in the lamina propria. But most of the SOX10, Nestin, and TUJ1 positive cells located in mucosa closed to the muscularis mucosa. The expression of GFAP in the mucosa of the transitional zone and dilated segment was negative. The expressions of SOX10, Nestin,TUJ1 and GFAP in myenteric plexus were stronger than those of submucosal plexus (SOX10 expression, infant 50% vs 31.3%, toddler 35. 7% vs 21.4%; Nestin expression, infant 43. 8% vs 37. 5%,toddler 28. 6% vs 14. 2%; TUJ1 expression, infant 37. 5% vs 18. 5%; toddler 28. 6% vs 28. 6%;GFAP expression 25.0 % vs 18. 5 % ; toddler 57. 1% vs 35. 7 % ; P ＜ 0. 05 ). The expressions of SOX10, Nestin and TUJ1 were stronger in submucosal plexus than those in mucosa (SOX10 expression, infant 31.3% vs 25. 0%, toddler 21.4% vs 7. 1% ; Nestin expression, infant 25. 0% vs 18. 8%,toddler 14. 3% vs 14. 3%; TUJ1 expression, infant 18. 5% vs 12. 5 %, toddler 28. 6% vs 7. 1%; P＜0. 05). The expressions of SOX10 and Nestin in myenteric plexus of the dilated segment in infants were stronger than thoset in toddler (SOX10, 75. 0% vs 42. 8% ; Nestin, 62. 5% vs 42. 8%, P＜0. 05). The expressions SOX10 and Nestin in mucosa of the the dilated segment in infants were stronger than those in toddler (SOX10, 37. 5% vs 14. 3%; Nestin, 25. 0% vs 14. 3%, P＜0. 05). Conclusions The ENS stem cells may exist in the mucosa of the ganglionic intestines of HD patients, whichare scattered and mostly located in the mucosa near muscularis mucosa. In HD patients, the expressions of SOX10, Nestin, TUJ1 and GFAP in myenteric plexus are higher than those in submucosal plexus. However, the expressions of SOX10, Nestin, TUJ1 and GFAP in the submucosal plexus are higher than those in the mucous layer. The expressions of SOX10 and Nestin in mucosa of the dilated segment in infants are higher than those in toddlers, and it decreases with age. These observations suggest the ENS stem cells or precursor cells in the gut mucosa may be derived from the gut neural crest cells.     

CA72-4联合AFP、CEA、CA19-9检测在胃肠道疾病中的临床应用价值研究

目的探讨糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)联合甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)检测在胃肠道良、恶性疾病中的临床价值。方法收集2017-2018年该院就诊的胃癌(55例)、胃肠道其他癌(71例)、胃肠道良性疾病(556例)患者的临床资料与血清AFP、CEA、CA72-4、CA19-9检查结果,分析肿瘤标志物在不同疾病组间的表达差异。结果(1)血清CA72-4水平在胃癌组与良性疾病组、胃癌组与其他癌组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CA72-4在胃癌组的阳性率(30.91%)明显高于其他癌组(18.84%)及良性疾病组(17.99%)。(2)血清CA72-4在胃溃疡、胃息肉、慢性胃炎、急性胃肠炎、十二指肠溃疡、肠息肉等良性疾病的阳性率分别为15.00%、19.12%、11.02%、25.53%、24.07%、19.58%,各组间CA72-4水平及阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)CEA单项检测用于胃癌诊断的灵敏度为23.64%,CA72-4+CEA+CA19-9联合检测用于胃癌诊断的灵敏度为47.27%;CA19-9单项检测用于胃肠道其他癌诊断的灵敏度为24.64%,AFP+CEA+CA19-9联合检测用于胃肠道其他癌诊断的灵敏度为66.20%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清CA72-4联合CEA、CA19-9检测,可更好地识别胃癌;血清AFP联合CEA、CA19-9检测,可更好地识别胃肠道其他恶性肿瘤。     

延安市心理疾病的分析：流行率、特征性和干预机制

目的 调查延安市大于15岁心理疾病患者的发病情况与病症特征,并对此制定干预防范机制.方法 使用ICD-10为诊断工具和诊断标准,采取分层整群随机抽样方法,在延安市1区12县所登记的15岁以上患有心理疾病的人中抽取2189人进行心理疾病评定.结果 精神分裂症占精神疾病总量的60.33％,癫痫类精神疾病占20.13％,器质...     

乳腺良恶性钙化的血清比较蛋白质组学分析

目的 分析乳腺良恶性钙化患者血清蛋白质表达谱,比较不同性质钙化的血清蛋白质差异.方法 钙化型乳腺癌、良性钙化患者血清各10例,经双向凝胶电泳、基质辅助激光解析离子化-飞行时间质谱等对差异蛋白进行分析鉴定和验证.结果 良恶性钙化组比较发现钙化型乳腺癌组血清中特异性的蛋白质2种,上调的蛋白质8种,下调的蛋白质7种.钙化型乳腺癌组触珠蛋白表达高于良性钙化组.结论 乳腺的恶性钙化和良性钙化患者的血清中某些蛋白存在着差异表达,有可能作为鉴别乳腺钙化病变良恶性质的标志物分子.

Abstract：

Objective To find out serum protein difference between breast benign calcification and malignant calcification.Methods The serum samples of the patients with breast cancer and those with benign lesions were collected,10 samples in each category.They all had calcifications on mammygraphy.The mixed protein was assayed by using 2-DE method.The spots with marked different expression were excised from gels and digested into peptides.These peptides were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS and the peptide mass fingerprintings were got.One of special protein was valided by Western blotting.Results In group of breast cancer with calcification,there were 2 specific proteins.There were 15 differential expression proteins,including 8 up-regulated,and 7 down-regulated.Conclusion Some identified serum proteins have different expression in patients with malignamt or benign calcifications,which may be helpful for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant calcifications.     

骨髓间充质干细胞对大鼠慢性胰腺炎炎性因子的影响

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)对大鼠慢性胰腺炎(CP)炎性因子的影响。方法 将80只SD大鼠随机分为空白组(20只,注射无菌生理盐水),模型组[20只,尾静脉注射二丁基二氯化物(DBTC)制作大鼠CP模型],假治疗组(20只,尾静脉注射DBTC制作大鼠CP模型后,输入和BMSCs等量的无菌生理盐水)和治疗组(20只,于CP模型制作成功后尾静脉注射体外培养的同种异体BMSCs)。80 d后采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测各组大鼠胰腺中白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-d、转化生长因子(TGF)-β水平。结果 治疗组中IL-1 (652.326±36.424) ng/L,IL-6(8.347±1.094) ng/L,IL-8( 352.487±69.340) ng/L,rGF-β(0.020±0.006) μg/L,均低于假治疗组与模型组(P＜0.05),IL-10(603.799±89.374) ng/L,TNF-α( 507.450±90.130)μg/L则高于假治疗组和模型组(P＜0.05)。模型组和假治疗组之间IL-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、TGF-β的表达水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 同种异体BMSCs的输入可以降低CP中促炎因子的水平,提高抗炎因子的浓度,有助于减轻CP的炎症反应,减缓甚至阻止CP的发展。