基于任务执行全过程的工作流建模方法

针对目前工作流管理系统在描述能力、可扩展性、柔性和可封装性等方面的严重不足,提出了一种基于任务执行全过程和反馈机制及封装思想的工作流建模方法。通过给出产品开发过程的工作流模型实例,展现了这种建模方法在提高模型描述能力、提高系统可扩展性和柔性等诸方面的优势所在。对于开发可靠性高,柔性、适应性和可移植性强,封装能力好的工作流管理系统具有重要的应用价值。     

ANALYSIS ON THE SPINNING FORCES IN FLEXIBLE SPINNING OF CONES

Flexible spinning is a new type of spinning process where spin-forming is performedwithout using a mandrel. Combining shearing and rolling processes, the calculation formulas of thespinning forces in flexible spinning of cones is presented. The effects of the main processing parame-ters, such as gripping force G applied to the blank by the inner roller, the feed rate of rollers f and theroundness radius of outer roller r_o, on the spinning forces are analyzed experimentally and theoreti-cally.     

Implementing demand response 2.0: Progress toward full potential in the United States

Demand response can be an excellent flexible resource and can cost-effectively support a grid with high penetrations of variable renewable generation. Unfortunately, this potential has not yet been widely exploited, due to a number of obstacles at the wholesale and distribution levels. This article reviews those barriers and the prospects for better uptake of demand response.     

质量管理系统中柔性工作流建模方法研究

针对传统质量管理对流程控制的不足，分析了传统工作流在柔性支持上的缺乏及业务过程建模描述复杂、僵化等问题，提出了一种基于柔性工作流的质量管理系统，结合UML定义良好、易于表达等特点，给出了基于扩展UML活动图的柔性建模方法，引入了复杂柔性节点的概念，提高了业务过程的柔性。实践表明，这一方法降低了业务过程模型的复杂度、增强了实际应用系统的灵活性、拓宽了适用性，为柔性工作流管理系统的进一步研究做出了有益的探索。     

A network approach for modeling and design of agile supply chains using a flexibility construct

Agility can be viewed as a need to encourage the enterprise-wide integration of flexible and core competent resources so as to offer value-added product and services in a volatile competitive environment. Since flexibility is considered a property that provides change capabilities of different enterprise-wide resources and processes in time and cost dimensions, supply chain flexibility can be considered a composite state to enterprise-wide resources to meet agility needs. Enterprise modeling frameworks depicting these composite flexibility states are difficult to model because of the complex and tacit interrelationship among system parameters and also because agility thrives on many business objectives. In view of this, the modeling framework presented in this paper is based on analytical network process (ANP) since this methodology can accommodate the complex and tacit interrelationship among factors affecting enterprise agility. The modeling framework forms a three-level network with the goal of attaining agility from the perspective of market, product, and customer as the actors. The goal depends on substrategies that address the characteristics of the three actors. Each of these substrategies further depends on manufacturing, logistic, sourcing, and information technology (IT) flexibility elements of the enterprise supply chain (SC). The research highlights that, under different environmental conditions, enterprises require synergy among appropriate supply chain flexibilities for practising agility. In the present research, the ANP modeling software tool Super Decisions™ has been used for relative prioritization of the supply chain flexibilities. We demonstrate through sensitivity analysis that dynamic conditions do require adjustments in the enterprise-wide flexibility spectrum.

FMS的柔性及定量评价指标的研究

对柔性进行了详细分析和分类。给出了柔性度的一类定量评价指标，并针对数种ＦＭＳ配置进行了柔性度计算仿真，结合某ＦＭＳ实验室进行了试验。ＦＭＳ柔性度定量评价指标对ＦＭＳ设计、调度和运行有很大的意义。     

SILICON NEEDLE ARRAY ON FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATE FOR FLUID TRANSFER

Transdermal delivery is an attractive alternative, but it is limited by the extremely low permeability of skin. To solve this problem, a novel means-micro needle array based on micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology, is provided to increase permeability of human skin with efficiency, safety and painless delivery. The fabrication method consists of a sequence of deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE), anisotropic wet etching and conformal thin film deposition. The novel technology can enable the realization of micro fabricated micro needle array on a flexible silicon substrate. The micro needle array can be mounted on non-planar surface or even on flexible objects such as a human fingers and arms. The fabricated hollow wall straight micro needles are 200μrn in length, 30μm inner diameter, and 50μm outer diameter with 250μm center-to-center spacing. Flow rate test proves that the polymeric base construction is important to function of micro needles array in package. Glucose solvent tests show that surface tension is the dominant force to affect the characters of flow in micro needles channel.     

Mapping ICT use at home and telecommuting practices: A perspective from work/family border theory

This study draws on the work/family border theory to investigate the role of information communication technology (ICT) use at home in shaping the characteristics of work/family borders (i.e. flexibility and permeability) and consequently influencing individuals’ perceived work-family conflict, technostress, and level of telecommuting. Data were collected from a probability sample of 509 information workers in Hong Kong who were not self-employed. The results showed that the more that people used ICT to do their work at home, the greater they perceived their work/family borders flexible and permeable. Interestingly, low flexibility and high permeability, rather than the use of ICT at home, had much stronger influences on increasing, in particular, family-to-work conflict. As expected, work-to-family conflict was significantly and positively associated with technostress. Results also showed that the telecommuters tended to be older, had lower family incomes, used ICT frequently at home, and had a permeable boundary that allowed work to penetrate their home domain. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Determination of flexibility factors in curved pipes with end restraints using a semi-analytic formulation

Piping systems are structural sets used in the chemical industry, conventional or nuclear power plants and fluid transport in general-purpose process equipment. They include curved elements built as parts of toroidal thin-walled structures. The mechanical behaviour of such structural assemblies is of leading importance for satisfactory performance and safety standards of the installations. This paper presents a semi-analytic formulation based on Fourier trigonometric series for solving the pure bending problem in curved pipes. A pipe element is considered as a part of a toroidal shell. A displacement formulation pipe element was developed with Fourier series. The solution of this problem is solved from a system of differential equations using mathematical software. To build-up the solution, a simple but efficient deformation model, from a semi-membrane behaviour, was followed here, given the geometry and thin shell assumption. The flexibility factors are compared with the ASME code for some elbow dimensions adopted from ISO 1127. The stress field distribution was also calculated.     

分光光度计的测量结果不确定度分析

本文简述了误差与不确定度概念,并以可见分光光度计的测量结果不确定度分析为实例,详细描述了不确定度分析与计算方法。