Enhanced antitumor efficacy on hepatoma-bearing rats with adriamycin-loaded nanoparticles administered into hepatic artery

AIM: To investigate the antitumor activity of adriamycin (ADR) encapsulated in nanoparticles (NADR) and injected into the hepatic artery of hepatoma-bearing rats. METHODS: NADR was prepared by the interfacial polymerization method. Walker-256 carcinosarcomas were surgically implanted into the left liver lobes of 60 male Wistar rats, which were divided into 4 groups at random (15 rats per group). On the 7th day after implantation, normal saline (NS), free ADR (FADR), NADR, or ADR mixed with unloaded nanoparticles (ADR+NP) was respectively injected via the hepatic artery (i.a.) of rats in different groups. The dose of ADR in each formulation was 2.0 mg/kg body weight and the concentration was 1.0 mg/mL. Survival time, tumor enlargement ratio, and tumor necrosis degree were compared between each group. RESULTS: Compared with the rats that received NS i.a., the rats that received FADR or ADR+NP acquired apparent inhibition on tumor growth, as well as prolonged their life span. Further significant anticancer efficacy was observed in rats that received i.a. administration of NADR. Statistics indicated that NADR brought on a more significant tumor inhibition and more extensive tumor necrosis, as compared to FADR or ADR+NP. The mean tumor enlargement ratio on the 7th day after NADR i.a. was 1.106. The mean tumor-bearing survival time was 39.50 days. Prolonged life span ratio was 109.22% as compared with rats that accepted NS. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic effect of ADR on liver malignancy can be significantly enhanced by its nanopaticle formulation and administration via hepatic artery.     

表阿霉素联合紫杉醇在局部晚期乳腺癌新辅助化疗治疗中的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨表阿霉素联合紫杉醇在局部晚期乳腺癌新辅助化疗治疗中的临床效果。方法 进展期胃癌患者104例,将其按照住院号尾号的奇偶分为治疗组和对照组,各52例,治疗组患者采用表阿霉素联合紫杉醇进行治疗,对照组患者采用表柔比星、环磷酰胺以及5-氟尿嘧啶治疗,比较两组患者临床治疗效果以及毒副作用。结果 治疗组患者总有效率为80.8%,对照组为63.5%,两组治疗效果比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组患者毒副作用发生率为63.5%,对照组为80.8%,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用表阿霉素联合紫杉醇在局部晚期乳腺癌新辅助化疗中效果显著,耐受性好,可作为一线治疗方案。     

补益脾肾方对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾间质TGF-β_1、HGF影响随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察补益脾肾方对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾间质TGF-β1和HGF的调节作用。[方法]使用前瞻性设计方法,将32例成年雄性SD大鼠按抽签方法简单随机分为四组。空白组、模型组8例,生理盐水,10m L/kg?d-1;中药组8例,补益脾肾组方,10m L/kg d-1;西药组8例,贝那普利,0.2mg/m L,2mg/kg?d-1。6周后处死,留取肾组织。[结果]中药组阿霉素肾病大鼠肾间质TGF-β1和HGF改善优于其他各组(P0.05)。[结论]扶正化瘀泄浊方对慢性肾衰营养不良状况补益脾肾方对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾间质TGF-β1和HGF有明显改善作用。     

疏肝化瘀解毒汤联合化疗治疗乳腺癌随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察疏肝化瘀解毒汤联合化疗治疗乳腺癌疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将30例门诊及住院患者按病志号抽签法简单随机分为两组。对照组15例EC-T化疗方案:第1d,表阿霉素,75ms/m2,2次/d,静滴。第2d,环磷酰胺,0.5g/m2,静滴。序贯多西紫杉醇,100mg/m2,第1d静滴。治疗组15例疏肝化瘀解毒汤(全当归12g,草红花10g,川芎8g,怀牛膝12g,京赤芍20g,片姜黄12g,香附制12g,丝瓜络8g,广木香5g,板蓝根30g,草河车30g),1剂/d,水煎300m L,化疗即早晚口服,150m L/次,连续口服14d;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗21d为1疗程。观测临床症状、CEA、CA15-3、KPS评分、不良反应。连续治疗4疗程,判定疗效。[结果]治疗组显效2例,有效11例,无效2例,总有效率86.67%。对照组显效0例,有效8例,无效7例,总有效率53.33%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。肿瘤指标两组均有改善(P0.01),治疗组改善优于对照组(P0.05)。KPS评分两组均有改善(P0.05),治疗组改善优于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应白细胞减少、贫血、恶心、呕吐对照组发生率较低,差异显著(P0.05),腹泻治疗组发生率均较低,无显著性差异(P0.05)。[结论]疏肝化瘀解毒汤联合化疗治疗乳腺癌疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。     

参芪地黄汤对阿霉素肾病大鼠足细胞Nephrin蛋白和mRNA表达的影响

目的:观察参芪地黄汤对阿霉素肾病大鼠Nephrin蛋白和mRNA表达的影响,探讨参芪地黄汤减少阿霉素肾病大鼠蛋白尿的作用机制。方法:随机分为正常组、模型组、参芪地黄汤组,造模后7、14、28、56 d检测尿蛋白,造模后28、56 d检测血清白蛋白(ALB)、血肌酐(Scr),HE染色光镜下观察肾组织,免疫组化法观察Nephrin蛋白表达,RT-PCR法检测Nephrin mRNA表达。结果:造模后7、14、28、56 d,模型组大鼠24 h尿蛋白定量均显著高于正常组(P<0.05)。造模后28、56 d,参芪地黄汤组大鼠24 h尿蛋白定量明显少于模型组(P<0.05)。造模后28、56 d,模型组大鼠肾组织Nephrin蛋白和mRNA的表达与正常组相比明显下降(P<0.05)。参芪地黄汤组Nephrin蛋白和mRNA的表达较同期模型组均有显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:参芪地黄汤可能通过保留阿霉素肾病大鼠Nephrin的表达,从而减少蛋白尿,保护肾功能,改善肾病理。     

Treatment of hepatoma with liposome-encapsulated adriamycin administered into hepatic artery of rats

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effects of liposome-encapsulated adriamycin (LADM) on hepatoma in comparison with adriamycin solution (FADM) and adriamycin plus blank liposome (ADM BL) administered into the hepatic artery of rats. METHODS: LADM was prepared by pH gradient-driven method. Normal saline, FADM (2 mg/kg), ADM BL (2 mg/kg), and LADM (2 mg/kg) were injected via the hepatic artery in rats bearing liver W256 carcinosarcoma, which were divided into four groups randomly. The therapeutic effects were evaluated in terms of survival time, tumor enlargement ratio, and tumor necrosis degree. The difference was determined with ANOVA and Dunnett test and log rank test. RESULTS: Compared to FADM or ADM BL, LADM produced a more significant tumor inhibition (tumor volume ratio: 1.243±0.523 vs 1.883±0.708, 1.847±0.661, P < 0.01), and more extensive tumor necrosis. The increased life span was prolonged significantly in rats receiving LADM compared with FADM or ADM BL (231.48 vs 74.66, 94.70) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The anticancer efficacies of adriamycin on hepatoma can be strongly improved by liposomal encapsulation through hepatic arterial administration.     

阿霉素诱导兔心肌病模型的建立及经胸超声心动图评价

目的　探讨阿霉素诱导兔心肌病模型的可行性并利用经胸超声心动图进行评估。方法　 2 0只兔每周静脉注射阿霉素 2 mg/ kg,共计 8周 (总剂量 16 mg/ kg) ,另 8只每周注射同等剂量的生理盐水作为对照组。基础状态 (未注药前 )、 12周时分别进行兔超声心动图检查 ,分别测量左室舒张期末、收缩期末内径 ,室间隔和左室后壁厚度 ,以及射血分数和短轴缩短率。 12周时阿霉素组和对照组分别取 2只进行心肌病理切片检查。结果　阿霉素组 ,与基础状态相比 ,12周时左室舒张期末内径显著扩大 [(10 .5± 1.3) vs (15 .8± 2 .1) mm ,P<0 .0 5 ],左室收缩期末内径显著扩大 [(8.7± 1.0 ) vs(10 .3± 1.1) m m,P<0 .0 5 ],射血分数显著降低 [(6 3.4± 8.4 ) vs(38.8± 7.6 ) ,P<0 .0 5 ],短轴缩短率显著降低 [(37.6± 7.6 ) vs (2 1.2± 6 .7) ,P<0 .0 5 ],室间隔和左室后壁厚度无显著性变化 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;对照组 ,左室舒张期末、收缩期末内径、室间隔和左室后壁厚度、射血分数和短周缩短率均无显著性变化 (P>0 .0 5 )。阿霉素组病理结果显示了与人类阿霉素心肌毒性相似的改变 ,心肌细胞变性、线粒体和肌浆网水肿、细胞内空泡增多以及凋亡细胞增多。结论　静脉注射阿霉素可以诱导形成非缺血性心肌病模型 ,结果可靠 ,成功     

超声心动图观察雄激素对慢性心力衰竭大鼠左心室收缩功能的影响

目的 探讨定量组织速度成像技术在小动物实验研究中的应用价值.方法 应用传统的超声心动图方法和定量组织速度成像技术检测不同方法处理大鼠的心脏（对照组12只,阿霉素组20只,阿霉素＋丙酸睾酮组20只）,测量常用心功能参数,获得心尖四腔观的组织速度图像,脱机分析后室间隔和左室侧壁二尖瓣环处的速度曲线,记录收缩期峰值速度（Vs）.结果 阿霉素组与对照组比较：左室内径和左室舒张末容积增加,FS和二尖瓣环平均峰值速度减低,差异均有显著性意义（P〈0.05）.阿霉素＋丙酸睾酮组与阿霉素组比较：室间隔增厚,左室短轴缩短率和二尖瓣环平均峰值速度增高,差异均有显著性意义（P〈0.05）;左室内径和左室舒张末容积两组间差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）.结论 定量组织速度成像技术在大鼠心功能的评价中具有可行性.雄激素可改善阿霉素诱导的充血性心力衰竭大鼠的心功能;雄激素能引起左室肥厚,不能抑制左室扩大等左室重构.     

经口明视下阿霉素治疗复发性三叉神经痛的临床观察

目的：探讨经口明视下阿霉素治疗复发性三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ、Ⅲ支)的疗效。方法：选择复发性三叉神经痛(第Ⅱ、Ⅲ支)患者40例，全部患者均接受过无水酒精注射治疗或开颅手术。局麻监护下，经口内解剖，分离出三叉神经第Ⅱ、Ⅲ支，微量注射器直视下注入阿霉素3mg。结果：39例患者术后1周内三叉神经痛症状不同程度减轻，其中72．5％(29／40)在术后24h内疼痛减轻，25％(10／40)在术后1周内疼痛减轻，无效2．5％(1／40)。术后2年内有3例复发，复发率为7．5％(3／40)，复发患者症状均较前减轻，发作次数及持续时间均较前减少。结论：经口明视下阿霉素治疗复发性三叉神经痛是一种安全、有效的方法。