动力锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展

从孔隙率、浸润性、强度、热尺寸稳定性、热关闭温度和热熔化温度评述了锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展,认为平衡并同时提高隔膜的性能和安全性是动力锂电池隔膜重要的研究方向。目前,采用接枝官能基团以及添加亲水物质的方法可以改善膜的浸润性;不同熔点的聚合物复合以及采用高结晶度聚合物均可改善隔膜的热关闭温度和热熔化温度。采用一种多孔基体材料,如无纺布或电纺纤维作为增强基体,可以保证膜的强度、尺寸稳定性和热熔化温度;采用其它的聚合物作为成孔材料,可以改善膜的孔隙率和浸润性,是同时提高隔膜的性能和安全性的有效手段。     

(Sn-9Zn)-xBi钎料组织性能研究

运用莱卡显微镜、X射线衍射仪及电化学测试系统等仪器设备,对(Sn-9Zn)-xBi(x=0,1,3和5)钎料组织性能进行研究.结果表明:当x小于5时,Bi可明显影响(Sn-9Zn)-xBi钎料中富Zn相尺寸及分布,钎料的熔化温度随Bi含量的增加而降低至188℃;钎料的润湿性随Bi含量增加而得到改善,其中以x在1～3为最...     

Al2O3对玻璃绝缘子及Kovar合金润湿性能的影响

在BH—A/K玻璃中分别添加不同质量分数的Al2O3,制得生坯后在680℃排蜡,980℃下在Kovar合金表面进行铺展试验,分析玻璃中AL2O3添加量对绝缘子排蜡致密性的影响,及其对Kovar合金间润湿性的影响.结果表明,随Al2O3添加量升高,相同温度下排蜡后绝缘子致密性下降.Al2O3添加量越高,相同温度下排蜡后,...     

Enhanced gas-condensate production by wettability alteration to gas wetness

Many gas-condensate reservoirs experience a sharp drop in gas production due to condensation near the wellbore as pressure drops lower than the dew point. Wettability alteration approach has been demonstrated successful in laboratory. However few experiments have been conducted in real reservoir rock with a low permeability. The gas-condensate reservoirs impaired by condensation near the wellbore usually have low permeabilities. In this study, we conducted experiments in the rock sampled from the target gas field (Dongpu). Firstly a new and cheaper chemical was developed to change the rock wettability from preferential water- to gas-wetness effectively. This chemical was thermally stable at a temperature of 170 °C. Experimental results also showed that this chemical was effective at very high salinity. Secondly spontaneous water imbibition tests were run to show the effect of wettability alteration on recovery. Thirdly relative permeability data of gas and water were measured with and without wettability alteration to preferential gas-wetness. Experimental results demonstrated that the relative permeabilities of both the gas and the water phases were increased significantly after the wettability alteration to preferential gas-wetness. The residual water saturation was decreased and the gas production was enhanced greatly due to the wettability alteration.     

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和FC911对砂岩表面润湿性的影响

分别用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和阳离子氟碳型表面活性剂FC911处理石英砂,然后用Washburn法测定处理后石英砂对水和油的接触角,研究两种阳离子表面活性剂对砂岩表面润湿性的影响。实验结果表明随着处理液CTAB浓度从0增至10000 mg/L,石英砂水相接触角由0°增至89°,再减至66°,表面从水湿变为中性润湿,再变为弱水湿。FC911浓度为10～1000 mg/L时,水相接触角由〉90°逐渐减小至89.7°;油相接触角由15.3°逐渐增至〉90°。石英砂表面由强油湿变为弱油湿后再变为中间气湿。较低浓度的FC911即可将石英砂表面转变为既疏水又疏油的中间气湿,最佳使用浓度为200 mg/L。     

阳极氧化法原位合成氧化铁纳米表面及其润湿性能研究

采用阳极氧化法在铁片表面原位构建了纳米氧化铁层,以SEM、XRD、XPS对其结构进行表征,并采用静态接触角法考察了其表面润湿性能及其稳定性。结果表明,阳极氧化法以及直接煅烧均可在铁片表面生成具有超亲水性的氧化铁纳米丝结构。相比直接煅烧,阳极氧化法所得氧化铁表层纳米丝更为密集,结构稳定,其超亲水性能可保持72h以上,表现出较高的稳定性。     

沥青质与石英表面相互作用及润湿性改变机理

当沥青质与油藏岩石接触时,会使岩石表面的润湿性向亲油方向转变.对于利用沥青质甲苯溶液处理的石英片,考察了沥青质甲苯溶液的浓度、石英表面水膜及水膜中的金属阳离子对沥青质改变石英表面润湿性的影响,并用漫反射红外光谱分析了沥青质甲苯溶液处理前后石英粉表面化学性质的变化,以推断沥青质改变石英表面润湿性的机理.实验结果表明,石英片表面的亲油性随沥青质甲苯溶液浓度的增加而增强.与干燥石英片相比,表面附着水膜的石英片,经过沥青质甲苯溶液浸泡后,石英片表面的亲油性减弱;当水膜中含有金属阳离子时,石英片表面的油湿性增强.红外光谱分析表明,沥青质分子在干燥石英表面与硅醇羟基发生极性相互作用,在二价金属阳离子溶液处理石英表面之后,沥青质分子可在水合离子的离子桥作用下吸附于石英表面.     

Wettability of porous two‐dimensional ZnO nanocrystal films

Large‐scale two‐dimensional ZnO nanocrystal films on aluminum substrate were fabricated by a one‐step hydrothermal method under mild conditions, where all the ZnO nanocrystals had a lamellar structure generally perpendicular to the substrates and formed network‐like porous configurations. The morphologies of the films were dependent on both the reaction temperature and concentration of zinc. The wettability of the ZnO films was assessed by measuring the water contact angle without any surface functionalisation. The porous structures of the as‐prepared films could effectively enhance its hydrophobicity and the water contact angle ranged from 40° to 135° depending on the surface morphology and the arrangement of ZnO planes, indicating a simple and promising route to make aluminum surface waterproof and even self‐cleaning. The hydrophobic ZnO surface could be switched to hydrophilic state by UV irradiation.     

微量B元素对Cu-P基急冷钎料润湿性的影响

采用单辊急冷装置成功制备了三种成分的Cu-P基合金钎料箔带,采用DTA和XRD等手段分析其熔化特性和结构,并对其在紫铜上的铺展性进行研究.结果表明,和同成分的常规钎料相比,急冷钎料的液固相线温度降低,熔化区间变窄.其中B元素含量0.03%的急冷钎料具有最低的液相线温度和最窄的熔化温度区间.B元素含量为0.02%和0.0...