LC45轻骨料混凝土梁的力学特性

对比分析了同强度等级的普通混凝土及轻骨料混凝土矩形截面构件的应力应变特性和轻骨料混凝土预应力T梁受力特点。试验表明,对于非预应力混凝土配筋梁,LC45轻骨料混凝土构件的开裂荷载及破坏荷载分别高于C45普通混凝土构件;而预应力轻骨料混凝土试验梁的开裂荷载为规范计算值的1.6倍左右,并且在设计的荷载范围内,梁的荷载挠度曲线呈线性,梁在弹性工作状态中。     

Long-term strength and durability parameters of lightweight concrete in hot regime: importance of initial curing

The paper presents results on strength development and durability of 35 and 50 MPa total lightweight concretes exposed to hot marine exposure conditions for a period of 7 years. An initial water curing of 7 days and subsequent seaside exposure was found more beneficial for the strength development of lightweight concrete. One day of initial curing and subsequent seaside exposure was not very conducive for the strength development. A marginal degradation in both the stiffness and the modulus of rupture of the concretes over the exposure period was observed. Likewise, the water penetrability of the two mixtures, for all the three initial curing regimes, increased over a period of 7 years. This establishes that the compressive strength of concrete is not synonymous with its durability. Overall, 3–7 days of initial water curing seems most desirable to enhance the durability of concrete exposed to hot salty marine exposure conditions.     

Influence of steel fibres on strength and ductility of normal and lightweight high strength concrete

This paper presents the results of a series of experiments conducted to investigate the effectiveness of fibre inclusion in the improvement of mechanical performance of concrete with regard to concrete type and specimen size. Lightweight aggregate concrete and limestone aggregate concrete with and without steel fibres were used in the study. The compressive strength of the concrete mixes varied between 90 and 115 MPa and the fibre content was 1% by volume. Splitting tests on prisms and three-point bending test on notched beams were carried out on specimens of varying sizes to examine the size effect on splitting strength, flexural strength and toughness.

The experimental findings indicate that the low volume of fibre has little effect on compressive strength but improve remarkably splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and toughness. The increase in splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and toughness index for lightweight concrete seems much higher than that of normal aggregate concrete.

The size effect on prism splitting tensile strength is not significant beyond a critical (transition) size. There are apparent size effects on flexural strength and toughness index. As the specimen size increases, splitting and flexural strengths appear to decrease, and fracture behaviour tends to be more brittle.     

Determination of transient two-dimensional heat transfer in ventilated lightweight low sloped roof using Fourier series

In this paper, the analysis of transient two-dimensional (2D) heat transfer in low sloped roof with forced ventilated cavity made from lightweight building elements (LBE) is presented. For the heat transfer analysis the 2D numerical model, which was verified with experiments, was used. Forced ventilated cavity was configured in two different ways. In the first case the cavity was configured with coloured thin metal sheet and in the second case with thin metal sheet with added layer of thermal insulation and radiation barrier. Beside the influence of the ventilated cavity configuration on the transient 2D heat transfer in the LBE and on the cavity outlet air temperature also the influence of the LBE thickness, specific air flow rate through the cavity, inner air temperature and wind velocity was analysed. Multi-parametric equations for determination of Fourier series coefficients were formed. These coefficients were used for evaluation of transient 2D heat transfer on the inner side of the roof and cavity outlet air temperature for a clear day.     

轻质高强沸石烧结砖的研制

我国沸石资源丰富，量多面广。以沸石为主要原料生产的烧结砖，是一种新型的节能墙体材料，它的最显著特点是：轻质、高强，节能效果好。     

Lightweight concrete made from oil palm shell (OPS): Structural bond and durability properties

The first part of this experimental program was to determine the structural bond properties of lightweight concrete incorporating solid waste oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate and also to compare its behaviour with other types of lightweight aggregate concretes. Other properties of OPS concrete namely the split tensile strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were also determined. The structural bond properties were determined through pull-out test. The results showed that the experimental bond strength of OPS concrete was much higher than the design bond strength as stipulated by BS 8110. In general, the properties of OPS concrete compared well with that of other structural lightweight concretes and the results obtained encourage the use of OPS as aggregates for the production of structural lightweight concrete. The second part of the experimental program investigates the durability performance of OPS concrete through water permeability and water absorption tests.     

轻集料对高强次轻混凝土物理力学性能的影响

研究了轻集料种类及其在粗集料中所占比例、轻集料粒径与级配以及体积砂率对高强次轻混凝土的表观密度、抗压强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量的影响.试验结果表明,轻集料的种类及其在粗集料中所占比例对不同强度等级的高强次轻混凝土具有相似的影响规律,即当轻集料在粗集料中比例不超过50%时,混凝土的抗压、抗拉强度和弹性模量随轻集料掺量变化的变化并不明显,而超过50%时,则随着轻集料掺量增大而明显降低;高强次轻混凝土的力学性能随轻集料粒径减小而提高,间断级配对混凝土的力学性能影响不利;体积砂率存在最佳范围,约为40%左右.     

火工装置轻量化小型化研究

为满足航天器轻量化对火工装置的需求,对火工装置轻量化小型化开展研究,重点探讨火工装置轻量化小型化原则、轻量化小型化途径以及实施轻量化小型化研制工作的基本流程。以某切割器为例,开展轻量化小型化研制,并进行极限功能裕度和极限强度裕度试验。结果表明,优化后的切割器重量和体积均减小50%,并且满足功能要求。     

Fibre reinforced lightweight aggregates

Carbon steel fibre reinforced lightweight aggregates (LWA) were produced in a pilot scale rotary kiln. Narrow size fractions as well as not-sieved (as received) material were investigated according to European standards with a main focus on strength and density and compared to a reference material without fibres. Depending on the size of the pellets a fraction of the fibres oxidized during firing. A strength increase proportional to the amount of non-oxidized fibres within the pellet was observed. The crushing resistance for as received fibre reinforced pellets (bulk density 452 kg/m³) was 3.0 MPa corresponding to an increase in strength of 140%. The enhanced strength was also confirmed by the single pellet compression test.     

玻纤增强聚丙烯无人机机身轻量化设计及优化分析

为了增大无人机的减重效果,基于微发泡注塑成型工艺,利用Moldflow仿真软件对无人机机身进行优化分析。基于单因素试验结果,利用正交试验得到最优工艺参数组合。结果表明:单因素试验中,熔体温度、模具温度、保压压力、气体初始浓度对质量的影响较大,适当增加温度、气体初始浓度,减小保压压力可以达到减重效果。通过正交试验优化,当熔体温度为275℃,模具温度为80℃,保压压力为14 MPa,气体初始浓度为1%,无人机机身的质量为21.81 g,相比优化前降低9.58%;无人机机身的翘曲变形量降至0.289 8 mm。