养护温度对高强轻集料混凝土强度和抗渗性的影响

研究了高强轻集料混凝土在高温养护条件下强度和抗渗性变化情况。Cl^-抗渗性采用电场加速方法;水抗渗性采用表面吸水法测试。结果表明,湿集料混凝土在50℃后强度就急速下降,而干集料混凝土85℃养护时温度下降不明显。混凝土Cl^-抗渗性和电阻随养护温度的提高而降低,且干集料混凝土的Cl^-抗渗性和电阻比湿集料混凝土要高得多。养护温度对水的渗透性无显著影响,但湿集料混凝土的吸水量要比干集料混凝土高出20％左右。干集料混凝土抗渗性好的原因是由于干集料的吸水作用使得混凝土过渡层变得致密所致。     

Selective preparation of light aromatic hydrocarbons from catalytic fast pyrolysis vapors of coal tar asphaltene over transition metal ion modified zeolites

The catalytic cracking of coal tar asphaltene (CTA) pyrolysis vapors was carried out over transition met-alion modified zeolites to promote the generation of light aromatic hydrocarbons (L-ArHs) in a pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) micro-reactor system.The effects of ultra stable Y(USY),Co/USY and Mo/USY on the selectivity and yield of L-ArHs products and the extent of deoxygena-tion (Edeoxygenation),lightweight (Elightweight) from CTA pyrolysis volatiles were investigated.Results showed that the yields of L-ArHs are mainly controlled by the acid sites and specific surface area of the catalysts,while the deoxygenation effect is determined by theirs pore size.The Elightweight of CTA pyrolysis volatiles over USY is 9.65％,while the Edeoxygenation of CTA pyrolysis volatiles over Mo/USY reaches 20.85％.Additionally,the modified zeolites (Mo/USY and Co/USY) exhibit better performance than USY on L-ArHs production,owing to the synergistic effect of metal ions (Mo,Co) and acid sites of USY.Compared with the non-catalytic fast pyrolysis of CTA,the total yield of L-ArHs obtained over USY (4032 mg·kg-1),Co/USY (4363 mg·kg-1) and Mo/USY (4953 mg·kg-1) were increased by 27.03％,38.19％ and 54.78％,respectively.Furthermore,the possible catalytic conversion mechanism of transition metal ion (Co and Mo) modified zeolites was proposed based on the distribution of products and the characterizations of catalysts.     

The effects of air content on permeability of lightweight concrete

Air entraining agent is used to control the floatation of lightweight aggregate (LWA) in lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC), therefore reducing the segregation of LWAC. At the same time, using an air entraining agent will affect the water sorption of the concrete. In this paper, two lightweight concrete mixes of density 1000 kg/m³ and air content of 13.5% and 31.9% were compared and the effects of entrained air on the strength, surface sorptivity, and chloride permeability of LWAC are presented. Results show that the use of porous LWA would not lower the permeability resistance of concrete. Entrained air had little effect on sorptivity but a major effect on chloride permeability. The weaker pores' network in the cement paste is the basic cause for the high chloride permeability of concrete than the use of porous LWA. Although chloride permeability of low density LWAC concrete decreased with age of concrete, it was found that the concrete was not dense enough to stop the chloride ion to penetrate through the concrete before the concrete mature at 90 days.     

基于容器的Web运行环境轻量级虚拟化方法

Web运行环境、Web服务及Web应用的虚拟化是减轻Web操作系统安全风险的一种有效方法,然而Web运行环境的虚拟化仍然存在不少挑战,如：执行时间、资源负载和兼容性等。为解决Web操作系统在安全性、执行时间、资源负载和兼容性方面的问题,提出了一种Web运行环境轻量级虚拟化方法,采用Docker容器技术实现进程级别的隔离。本虚拟化方法可在一个基本内核上支持运行多种Web运行环境的容器。此外,为了减轻容器创建负载,提出了容器启动机制;为减轻系统资源负载,进行了系统的轻量化处理。在嵌入式设备的实验结果表明,该虚拟化方法在执行时间、资源负载及兼容性方面都具有较优表现。     

The effects of expanded perlite aggregate, silica fume and fly ash on the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete

Thermal conductivity coefficients of concretes made up of mixtures of expanded perlite and pumice aggregates (PA) were measured. To determine the effect of silica fume (SF) and class C fly ash (FA) on the thermal conductivity of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC), SF and FA were added as replacement for cement by decreasing the cement weights in the ratios of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight.The highest thermal conductivity of 0.3178 W/mK was observed with the samples containing only PA and plain cement. It decreased with the increase of SF and FA as replacement for cement. The lowest value of thermal conductivity, which is 0.1472 W/mK, was obtained with the samples prepared with expanded perlite aggregate (EPA) replacement of PA and 70% cement+30% FA replacement of cement. Both SF and FA had a decreasing effect on thermal conductivity. EPA (used in place of PA) also induced a decrease of 43.5% in thermal conductivity of concrete.     

温度、炭纤维和硅土粉对轻量混凝土力学性能的影响

研究了温度、炭纤维和硅士粉含量对轻量混凝土力学性能的影响.制备了含硅土粉(质量分数0%和10%)及炭纤维(质量分数0%,0.5%,1%,和2%)的混合物,测定了高温(400℃,600℃和800℃)暴烤后轻理混凝土的压缩强度和弯曲强度.采用三个控制因素(硅土粉含量、炭纤维含量及处理温度),应用Taguchi法确定最佳条件并减少实验次数,采用方差(Anova)法确定主要实验参数与轻量混凝土力学性能的基准.结果表明:轻量混凝土力学性能最实效的参数是加热程度,而抗拉强度与抗弯强度的最佳参数各不相同.     

汽车轻量化中的管材内高压成形技术

简述管材内高压成形技术基本原理、历史和现状。内高压成形技术具有减轻重量、提高产品质量、降低生产成本、近净成形与绿色制造技术的独特工艺特点和技术、经济优势。内高压成形工艺的关键技术有:缺陷与控制策略技术、数值模拟技术、摩擦与润滑技术。内高压成形技术有待深入研究的问题有:管材力学性能测试方法、高压成形摩擦测定、高压成形件设计准则、模具设计关键技术。内高压成形技术的发展趋势是:双层管内高压成形;拼焊管内高压成形;内高压成形与连接复合。     

主反射镜的一种轻量化设计和加工

报告了φ354mm轻质主反射镜的设计和制作工艺方法.用有限元法对镜面进行了力学分析,确定了加工和检测状态下的镜子装夹方案.检测镜面的结果表明这种方法是实用的.     

轻质莫来石浇注料及其在轧钢加热炉上的应用

介绍了轻质莫来石骨料及用该骨料配制的轻质莫来石浇注料的性能，并介绍了该浇注料在轧钢加热炉上的应用情况。     

Flexible and light weight copper indium diselenide solar cells on polyimide substrates

Thin film flexible CuInSe₂ (CIS) solar cells have been fabricated for the first time on light-weight polymeric substrates. Evaporated Cu---In alloy precursors were selenized in H₂Se atmosphere at around 400°C to grow the CIS absorber layers. Low temperature techniques which are compatible with the polymeric substrates were used to deposit the window layers of CdS and ZnO. The demonstrated active area conversion efficiency of 9.3% makes this light-weight device very attractive for many terrestrial and space power generation applications where high specific power and mechanical flexibility are needed.