双氢青蒿素软膏处方筛选及体外渗透性研究

目的筛选双氢青蒿素（DHA）软膏处方及促渗剂。方法建立体外经皮渗透试验方法，采用高效液相色谱法对DHA样品的体外透皮速率进行考察，并以DHA累积透过量作体外透皮曲线，与Higuchi方程进行拟合。结果透皮速率以卡波普水溶性软膏及促渗剂为氮酮的最高，达到27．262μg／（h·cm），Higuchi方程线性较好。结论最佳处方为卡波普水溶性基质的DHA软膏处方，最佳促渗剂为氮酮。     

联苯乙酸透皮贴剂的体外透皮性能研究

目的:研究促进渗透剂对联苯乙酸贴剂(BPAA-TTS)体外透皮性能的影响.方法:用高体豚鼠皮肤为透皮屏障,采用改进的Franz扩散池,通过体外渗透性实验对含有不同处方的BPAA-TTS进行了透皮性能的研究.结果:体外渗透曲线符合平方根方程(Q=k×t1/2),含10%乙醇和8%的1,2-丙二醇的复合促进渗透剂的BPAATTS具有良好的透皮性能.结论:将加入复合促进渗透剂的贴剂中的BPAA的透皮速率与不加促进渗透剂贴剂的透皮速率进行比较,贴剂中药物的透皮性能有明显提高.     

Glass wool-filtered spermatozoa and their oocyte penetrating capacity

The capacity of glass wool-filtered spermatozoa to penetrate zona-free hamster oocytes was studied. As compared to prefiltered sperm samples, oocyte penetration was significantly increased. A significant increase in the penetration rate for the filtered sperm population was noted even after the sperm motility in the filtrate was adjusted with medium equal to that of the prefiltered sample. However, no significant differen es in oocyte penetration were seen between the prefiltered and the filtered sperm population when the filtered sperm samples were diluted with nonviable spermatozoa. These results show that glass wool filtration yields a sperm population with a greater penetrating capacity. It was concluded that motility alone could not account for the improved penetrability and that the removal of nonviable spermatozoa may at least, in part, be responsible for this effect.     

Dermal in vitro penetration of methiocarb, paclobutrazol, and pirimicarb

OBJECTIVES—The dominant route of occupational exposure to pesticides in horticulture is dermal. However, preventive measures are seldom used when handling plant cultures recently treated with pesticides, thus causing significant dermal exposure and potential absorption. Assessment of exposure often depends on biological monitoring of blood or urine samples. The skin often acts as a temporary reservoir for chemicals before absorption. Failure to consider the lag time between dermal exposure and appearance of pesticide or metabolites in the general circulation may lead to false conclusions about assessment of exposure.
METHODS—In an experimental model in which in vitro static diffusion cells were mounted with human skin, dermal penetration of three extensively used pesticides (methiocarb, paclobutrazol, pirimicarb) was evaluated.
RESULTS—Pirimicarb and paclobutrazol had comparable rates of dermal penetration and lag times of around 18 hours. Methiocarb had a considerably shorter lag time. Dermal penetration continued for extended periods after exposure had ended.
CONCLUSIONS—With lag times sometimes considerably longer than a normal working day, biological monitoring at the end of exposure may seriously underestimate the actual exposure. There may be implications for regulatory guidelines, which often require only 24 hour observation periods.


Keywords: dermal penetration; pesticides; in vitro     

子宫内膜异位症不孕者腹腔巨噬细胞释放IL－1对精子穿卵的影响

免疫与不孕的关系普遍受到关注。我们已报道了子宫内膜异位症不孕者腹腔巨噬细胞及其释放ＩＬ－１的改变。本研究进一步检测了具有高活性的子宫内膜异位症不孕患者腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清对精子穿卵作用的影响。经与正常生育妇女相应的指标对比，发现二者有显著性差异。研究表明，含高活性ＩＬ－１的巨噬细胞培养上清有抑制精子穿卵作用，子宫内膜异位症不孕可能与ＩＬ－１作用有关。     

利百素凝胶加地塞米松外敷治疗静脉输液渗漏效果观察

目的 探索应用利百素凝胶加地塞米松外敷与利百素凝胶、50％硫酸镁外敷治疗静脉输液渗漏的疗效。方法将90例病人，按渗漏出现的先后，随机分成A、B、C3组，分别予以利百素凝胶加地塞米松、利百素凝胶、50％硫酸镁溶液湿敷，观察局部红、肿、热、痛消退的情况。结果 利百素凝胶加地塞米松组效果明显优于其它2组，差异具有显著性（表1：P〈O．05；表2：P〈0．01）。结论 利百素凝胶加地塞米松持续外敷，是治疗静脉输液渗漏的有效方法，值得临床推广。     

N-三甲基壳聚糖对环孢素经皮渗透作用的试验研究

OBJECTIVE To study the penetration effect of N-trimethyl chitosan(TMC) on Cyclosporin.METHODS TMC60 was synthesized by a two-step method using chitosan and methyl-iodide.The degree of quaternization(DQ) of TMC was determined by 1H-NMR.The excised mice ski     

A case of protrusion of an intraperitoneal chemotherapy catheter through rectum

Bowel penetration of an intraperitoneal catheter occurred in a patient who had received a course of uncomplicated intraperitoneal chemotherapy for a persistent ovarian carcinoma. One month after the termination of chemotherapy, she presented with protrusion of a catheter through anus. At operation, the catheter was removed, the rectum was repaired primarily, and a cytoreductive surgery was performed.     

几种介质在精子毛细管穿透试验中的比较研究

目的:①新鲜的BCM和冰冻BCM能否用来评价人精子的功能;②降低pH（7.6）的HEW能否用来评价人精子功能。方法:以毛细管穿透试验评价人精子功能。应用人宫颈粘液（HCM）、新鲜和冷冻牛宫颈粘液（BCM）和鸡蛋清（HEW）作为精子穿透介质,对35例生育男子与66例不育男子的精液样本进行了宫颈粘液毛细管穿透试验（CMPT）。结果:生育男子精子分别在HCM、BCM（新鲜和冷冻）和HEW（pH 7.6）中穿透高度相近,无明显统计学意义（P>0.05）;生育男子与不育男子精子在新鲜BCM和HEW中穿透率也无显著差异（P>0.05〕,但他们在HCM和冷冻BCM中,则差异非常显著（P<0.001）。结论:BCM（新鲜和冷冻）和 HEW可代替HCM作为毛细管穿透介质来评价生育男子精子功能;冷冻BCM也可代替HCM来评价不育男子精子功能,而新鲜BCM和HEW则不能用来评价不育男子的精子功能。     

经皮给药系统促渗新方法的探索

本文在分析了现有的经皮给药促渗方法的基础上,提出了密封加温加压式物理促渗法的方案。并依据现有的资料,提出了其设计参数指标。采用该方案,为中药复方及多肽等大分子药物的经皮给药提供了可能。