桦木酸对人肿瘤细胞的抗癌活性筛选

目的研究桦木酸(betulinic acid,BetA)对9种人肿瘤细胞的作用。方法采用噻唑兰(MTT)比色法测定KB(口腔上皮癌细胞)、OVCAR(卵巢癌细胞)、Bcap-37(乳腺癌细胞)、A2780(卵巢癌细胞)、HT-29(大肠癌细胞)、LS-1747(结肠腺癌细胞)、SMMC-7721(肝癌细胞)、PC-14(肺癌细胞)、K562(白血病细胞)对桦木酸及常用抗癌药cDDP(顺铂)、Taxol(紫杉醇)的敏感性。结果KB细胞对BetA最为敏感(IC50为11.6μmol.L-1),其次为LS-1747(IC50为12.5μmol.L-1)、SMMC-7721(IC50为25.0μmol.L-1)。结论桦木酸可以用作特异性的细胞增殖抑制剂。     

新型严重脓毒症治疗剂--重组人激活蛋白C

通过文献检索综述了用于治疗成人严重脓毒症的药物重组人激活蛋白C的药理作用、药代动力学及临床评价.在1690名患者参加的PROWESS临床试验中,它可以降低严重脓毒症患者28天治疗期内各种原因的死亡率且使用较安全.     

重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子促进烧伤与创伤愈合作用研究

目的观察重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(rhaFGF)对小型猪创伤修复和家兔烫伤创面修复的促进作用。方法建立小型猪创伤模型，其中3组分别按90，60，30 AU·(cm2) 1的剂量给予人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（haFGF），阳性对照组按60 AU·(cm2) 1的剂量给予rhbFGF，阴性对照组给予等量基质，空白对照组不给予任何药物，采用创面照像和透明膜描记称量法记录伤后第4，8，14天创面面积，用注水法测量伤腔容积。观察伤后第8天和第14天创面肉芽组织生长与再上皮化变化，评价修复效果。另建立家兔烫伤创面模型，分组与给药方法同上。观察伤后3，7，14，21 d创面面积，以及伤后14，21 d创面肉芽组织生长与再上皮化变化情况，评价修复效果。结果各组小猪创面面积随伤后时间的延长逐渐缩小，其中rhaFGF 90 AU·(cm2)^-1组和hbFGF 60 AU·(cm2)^-1组小猪的疗效更显著。各组小猪创面伤腔容积随伤后时间的延长而逐渐缩小，其中rhaFGF 90 AU·(cm2)^-1组和hbFGF 60 AU·(cm2)^-1组更为明显（P＜0.05）。组织学检查，可见经rhaFGF和rhbFGF治疗8 d后小猪的创面成纤维细胞生长活跃，数量多，毛细血管胚芽与成纤维细胞数量显著多于对照组。伤后第14天，各组家兔创面均已愈合，但各rhaFGF治疗组和阳性对照组家兔的创面表皮层较厚。各组家兔烫伤创面面积随伤后时间的延长而逐渐缩小，其中以rhaFGF 90 AU·(cm2)^-1组和hbFGF 60 AU·(cm2)^-1组的效果更明显。组织学检查，可见rhaFGF 90 AU·(cm2)^-1组家兔的创面在伤后14 d大部分已被新生表皮覆盖，表面附着少量坏死组织，创面基本愈合。结论rhaFGF对小型猪背部刀伤创面有促修复作用，可促进创面肉芽组织生长、毛细血管胚芽形成与再上皮化。rhaFGF对家兔背部烫伤创面有促修复作用，可促进创面肉芽组织生长，还可以促进坏死组织脱落与再上皮化。     

Uptake and disposition of inhaled methanol vapor in humans.

Methanol is a widely used solvent and a potential fuel for motor vehicles. Human kinetic data of methanol are sparse. As a basis for biological exposure monitoring and risk assessment, we studied the inhalation toxicokinetics of methanol vapor in four female and four male human volunteers during light physical exercise (50 W) in an exposure chamber. The relative uptake of methanol was about 50% (range 47-53%). Methanol in blood increased from a background level of about 20 to 116 and 244 microM after 2 h exposure at 0, 100 ppm (131 mg/m3) and 200 ppm (262 mg/m3), respectively. Saliva showed substantially higher levels than blood immediately after exposure. This difference disappeared in a few minutes; thereafter the concentrations and time courses in blood, urine, and saliva were similar, with half times of 1.4, 1.7, and 1.3 h, respectively. The postexposure decrease of methanol in exhaled air was faster, with a half time of 0.8 h. The methanol concentrations were approximately twice as high in all four types of biological samples at 200 compared to 100 ppm. No increase in urinary formic acid was seen in exposed subjects. Our study indicates non-saturated, dose-proportional kinetics of methanol up to 200 ppm for 2 h. No gender differences were detected. Similar, parallel patterns were seen with regard to the methanol time courses in blood, urine, and saliva, whereas the concentration in exhaled air decreased markedly faster. Thus, apart from blood and urine, saliva also seems suitable for biomonitoring of methanol exposure.     

PBPK model for radioactive iodide and perchlorate kinetics and perchlorate-induced inhibition of iodide uptake in humans.

Detection of perchlorate (ClO4-) in several drinking water sources across the U.S. has lead to public concern over health effects from chronic low-level exposures. Perchlorate inhibits thyroid iodide (I-) uptake at the sodium (Na+)-iodide (I-) symporter (NIS), thereby disrupting the initial stage of thyroid hormone synthesis. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to describe the kinetics and distribution of both radioactive I- and cold ClO4- in healthy adult humans and simulates the subsequent inhibition of thyroid uptake of radioactive I- by ClO4-. The model successfully predicts the measured levels of serum and urinary ClO4- from drinking water exposures, ranging from 0.007 to 12 mg ClO4-/kg/day, as well as the subsequent inhibition of thyroid 131I- uptake. Thyroid iodine, as well as total, free, and protein-bound radioactive I- in serum from various tracer studies, are also successfully simulated. This model's parameters, in conjunction with corresponding model parameters established for the male, gestational, and lactating rat, can be used to estimate parameters in a pregnant or lactating human, that have not been or cannot be easily measured to extrapolate dose metrics and correlate observed effects in perchlorate toxicity studies to other human life stages. For example, by applying the adult male rat:adult human ratios of model parameters to those parameters established for the gestational and lactating rat, we can derive a reasonable estimate of corresponding parameters for a gestating or lactating human female. Although thyroid hormones and their regulatory feedback are not incorporated in the model structure, the model's successful prediction of free and bound radioactive I- and perchlorate's interaction with free radioactive I- provide a basis for extending the structure to address the complex hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid feedback system. In this paper, bound radioactive I- refers to I- incorporated into thyroid hormones or iodinated proteins, which may or may not be bound to plasma proteins.     

蔡氏扶正消癥汤对胃癌细胞增殖的抑制作用研究

目的:观察蔡氏扶正消癥汤对胃癌细胞增殖的影响.方法:(1)采用倒置显微镜观察蔡氏扶正消癥汤对胃癌细胞形态的影响;(2)采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)还原法检测蔡氏扶正消癥汤对胃癌细胞生长的影响.结果:蔡氏扶正消癥汤生药能抑制胃癌细胞的增殖.在实验浓度范围内,随着剂量的增加,抑制作用更加明显;同一剂量下,72h内药物作用时间越长,抑制作用越明显.结论:蔡氏扶正消癥汤能够抑制胃癌细胞的增殖.     

连建伟教授治疗病毒性肝炎经验介绍

连建伟教授治疗病毒性肝炎，认为尽管病毒性肝炎有甲、乙、丙、丁、戊等类型不同，但急性期和慢性活动期表现证候却相近似，治疗急性黄疸型肝炎、慢性肝炎活动期予以清热解毒，活血利湿；阴黄治以温中化湿退黄；慢性肝炎迁延期以健脾养肝益肾，兼顾祛邪；肝硬化腹水期治以扶正解毒利水，慎用攻破。通过辨证论治，使正气强盛，邪毒祛除，则疾病向愈。     

hTERT基因在肺癌和癌前病变中的表达研究

目的:探讨端粒酶逆转录酶(human telomeras ereverset ranscrip tase,hTERT)在肺癌癌前病变(支气管黏膜上皮不典型增生)和肺癌中的作用。方法:41例支气管黏膜上皮不典型增生患者经纤维支气管镜取气管上皮组织、150例肺癌患者手术标本及40例正常肺组织,用免疫组化的方法检测hTERT基因在上述肺组织中的表达。结果:5·0%(2/40)的正常肺组织中可检测到hTERT基因的蛋白表达,61·0%(25/41)的支气管黏膜上皮不典型增生组织和90·0%(135/150)的肺癌组织中可检出hTERT基因表达,组间差异有高度显著性,χ2=111·9,P<0·01;且随着肺组织癌变过程的变化,hTERT基因的表达呈逐渐增高的趋势,χt2rend=107·7,P<0·01。结论:支气管黏膜上皮细胞的不典型增生和恶性转化与hTERT基因的表达有关;hTERT基因检测有望成为诊断肺癌变的早期生物标志物。     

基才网络环境的远程数字人体中医脉诊智能诊断系统

本文主要阐述了中医学脉诊原理,分析了脉诊数字化的可行性,描述了数字脉诊诊断系统的设计方案及进行家庭远程诊断的设想,并对该系统的应用前景作了展望。     

红葱抗稻瘟霉活性成分研究

目的阐明红葱抗稻瘟霉活性的物质基础.方法利用稻瘟霉筛选体系对红葱的60%(φ)乙醇提取物及其氯仿、正丁醇和水的萃取部分进行活性筛选,并对活性部位的化学成分进行分离鉴定.结果与结论从活性部位中分离得到10个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定它们的结构分别为:异红葱甲素(1)、异红葱乙素(2)、红葱乙素(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、8-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基-1-甲基-蒽醌-2-羧酸甲酯(5)、4-羟基红葱乙素(6)、hongconin(7)、4,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基-1-甲基-蒽醌-2-羧酸甲酯(8)、dihydro-eleutherinol(9)、1,3,6-三羟基-8-甲基蒽醌(10).其中,9和10为首次从该属植物中分得.化合物2、3、5、6、7、9、10具有较好的诱导稻瘟霉菌丝变形的活性,它们的最小变形浓度(minimummorphologicaldeformationconcentrate,MMDC)分别为30、30、170、130、55、60、150μmol·L-1.用MTT法测定10个化合物的抗肿瘤活性,发现化合物2、3、5、6、7、9有较强的抑制人类红白血病细胞株K562细胞生长的活性,它们的IC50值分别为33、49、266、35、174、154μmol·L-1.