Lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) clotting response may act as a plasma biomarker of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) parasitism: Implications for management and wound assessment

Sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) have decimated the Great Lakes fisheries over the past century, and their control is central to protecting native fish populations. Wounding data collected from host fish, including classifying wounds as Type A (penetrating the integument) or Type B (superficial), is an integral part of sea lamprey monitoring efforts and helps inform management decisions; however, wound assessment is subjective and error-prone. This study aimed to determine if protein biomarkers of parasitism could be quantified in host fish plasma to serve as a potential objective aide in current wound assessment practices. Male siscowet lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) were parasitized in a lab setting for four days, after which the sea lamprey was removed, host blood was collected, and the wound Type recorded. A second blood sample was collected from host fish with Type A wounds 7 months later. The plasma proteome was quantified using iTRAQ, and the relative abundances of 169 proteins were compared between parasitized and non-parasitized control fish. Three functional classes of proteins were modified by sea lamprey parasitism: immune response, lipid transport, and blood coagulation. A major finding was evidence of a concerted anticoagulation response in fish with Type A wounds, including changes in protein components and regulators of fibrin clot formation, some of which did not fully recover within 7 months. A modified clotting assay yielded a smaller thrombin-induced fibrin clot from parasitized fish, supporting the proteomic results. Therefore, measuring blood clottability could improve sea lamprey damage estimates by providing a more objective and quantitative index of parasitism than is offered by wounding data alone.     

临床质谱学的最新进展:质谱成像方法及其应用

质谱成像技术将基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱的离子扫描与图像重建技术结合,直接分析生物组织切片,产生任意质荷比(m/z)化合物的二维或三维分布图。综述质谱成像原理、方法学及应用发展趋势。     

Q-Tof Ultima Global质谱仪的简介及应用

简要介绍Waters公司Q -TofUltimaGlobal质谱仪的工作原理及性能特点 ,并从使用的角度介绍该仪器的软件及离子源特点     

MassPREPTM全自动酶切仪及在蛋白质组学研究中的应用

介绍了MassPREP^TM自动酶切仪的结构和功能，并取标准蛋白和肺鳞癌组织样品的一维和二维电泳斑点进行了自动酶切，系统的灵敏度为10ng。讨论了本技术在蛋白质组学研究中的应用。     

基于稳定同位素技术的4种食源致病菌蛋白质组研究进展

目前微生物蛋白质组差异比较研究的最大困难在于无法获得稳定的内参照。而稳定同位素与其同位素存在质量差异,又不具有放射性,因此是分子差异比较研究的最理想的内参照,其作用是校正实验过程中存在的误差,保证实验结果的准确性。稳定同位素技术结合质谱分析的目标是:建立微生物(主要是致病菌)的稳定同位素体内标记技术并将标记产物作为内标用于微生物蛋白质组表达差异的研究,根据获得的差异信息为特殊处理条件下微生物的检测提供解决办法。本文从稳定同位素国内外研究进展、传统经典蛋白质组研究方法存在的不足和常见的4种食源性致病菌,包括沙门氏菌、单核增生李斯特氏菌、霍乱弧菌和副溶血弧菌的蛋白质组研究,并对副溶血性弧菌的蛋白质组研究作详细阐述。最后阐述稳定同位素标记的蛋白质组定量方法存在的一些挑战和今后的努力改进和发展的方向。     

基于大鼠血清差异蛋白质组学小白杏杏仁油免疫调节作用研究

采用i TRAQ标记及高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESI-MS/MS)技术对小白杏杏仁油干预试验大鼠血清差异表达蛋白进行定量鉴定,并通过表达模式及代谢通路聚类对鉴定获得的差异蛋白进行生化代谢途径和信号转导途径分析。结果表明,小白杏杏仁油可能通过调节血清中结合珠蛋白(HP)、角蛋白(KRT10、KRT42)、微管蛋白α-8链(TUBA8)、免疫球蛋白重(k)链VⅢ区(VH26、MOPC63)、α-1-抗蛋白酶(SERPINA1)及T-激肽原(KNG1)等蛋白的表达水平,作用于金黄色葡萄球菌感染、吞噬体、致病性大肠杆菌感染、原发性免疫缺陷、补体和凝血级联5条先天性免疫通路而展现其免疫调节作用。     

Protein Expression Changes in Maize Roots in Response to Humic Substances

Humic substances are known to affect plant metabolism at different levels. We characterized humic substances extracted from earthworm feces by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy and used them to treat corn, Zea mays L., seedlings to investigate changes in patterns of root protein expression. After root plasma membrane extraction and purification, proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and differential spot intensities were evaluated by image analysis. Finally, 42 differentially expressed proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The majority of them were downregulated by the treatment with humic substances. The proteins identified included malate dehydrogenase, ATPases, cytoskeleton proteins, and different enzymes belonging to the glycolytic/gluconeogenic pathways and sucrose metabolism. The identification of factors involved in plant responses to humic substances may improve our understanding of plant-soil cross-talk, and enable a better management of soil resources.