Numerical Solution of Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation

Numerical schemes and stability criteria are developed for solution of the one-dimensional fractional advection-dispersion equation (FRADE) derived by revising Fick’s first law. Employing 74 sets of dye test data measured on natural streams, it is found that the fractional order F of the partial differential operator acting on the dispersion term varies around the most frequently occurring value of F = 1.65 in the range of 1.4 to 2.0. Two series expansions are proposed for approximation of the limit definitions of fractional derivatives. On this ground, two three-term finite-difference schemes?“1.3 Backward Scheme” having the first-order accuracy and “F.3 Central Scheme” possessing the F-th order accuracy?are presented for fractional order derivatives. The F.3 scheme is found to perform better than does the 1.3 scheme in terms of error and stability analyses and is thus recommended for numerical solution of FRADE. The fractional dispersion model characterized by the FRADE and the F.3 scheme can accurately simulate the long-tailed dispersion processes in natural rivers.     

Triboluminescence of A New Europate Complex

A new europium (Ⅲ)complex Eu(HFNH)3Phen (HFNH: 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6-heptafluoro-l-(2-naphthyl)hexane-1,3-dione ; phen : 1, 10-phenanthroline) was synthesized and its tribolumineseent phenomenon was observed. Photoluminescence and tfiboluminescence spectra were successfidly determined. The most intense tfiboluminescent emission originates from the transition of the central Eu^3 ion from ^5D0 level to ^7F2 level. The tribolunlinescent spectrum is basically similar to that of photoluminescence, which correlates with the disorders of F atoms.     

Preparation and Luminescence Properties of the New Long Phosphorescent Phosphors Ba_(1-x)Ca_xAl_2O_4∶Eu ~(2 ), Dy~(3 )

Inrecentyears ,SrAl2 O4 ∶Eu2 ,Dy3 ,CaAl2 O4 ∶Eu2 ,Nd3 [1～ 8] andBaAl2 O4 ∶Eu2 ,Dy3 [9]havebeenconsideredasusefulblueandgreenphos phorsbytheirlongdurationphosphorescence .Howev er ,toourknowledge ,thephosphorBa1-xCaxAl2 O4 ∶Eu2 ,Dy3 hasnotbeeninvestigated .TheluminescenceofEu2 isverystronglydepen dentonthehostlattice ,whichcanoccurfromtheul traviolettotheredregionoftheelectromagneticspec trum .Itiswellknownthatthepersistentluminescenceisduetothetrappingofenergyinthed…     

Preparation of CaS∶Eu~(2 ), Sm~(3 ) by Solid Reaction Method and Its Photostimulated Luminescence

Thereisanurgentneedonopticalstoragemateri alswiththedevelopmentoflaserandopticalstoragetechnologyinrecentyears .Electrontrappingopticalstoragematerials (ETM )isanewtypeofopticalstor agematerials .Theybasicallyarewide band gapⅡ Ⅵsemi conductorcompoundsdopedwithtwotypesofselectedrareearthelementsthathavegroundstatesandexcitedstateswithinthewidebandgapoftheⅡ Ⅵsemiconductorcompoundhostmaterials .Lighten ergyisstoredinthiskindofmaterialbyexposingittoultravioletorvisiblelightandisreleasedthro…     

让Office XP读出声音来

阐述在Office2002 XP中开发"从文本到语音"的语音合成功能,首先介绍了在Word中开发的程序和步骤,接着介绍了在PowerPoint中开发的方法和程序,最后介绍了如何在Access中进行开发的过程.     

大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境监督性监测

本文系统地介绍了广东省环境辐射研究监测中心自 1 994年以来对广东大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境的监督性监测 ,包括监测方案、方法、质量保证、主要结果和结论。监测结果表明 :( 1 )核电站运行以来的气体排放未对厂区以外的大气和陆地环境产生可观测到的影响 ;( 2 )对于110mAg ,西大亚湾的海水中仅在 1 995年和 1 997年检测到高于探测限的样品 ,最大年平均浓度为 3 .1Bq/m3;西大亚湾的海底泥中只在 1 997年能被检测到 ,年平均值为 1 .0Bq/kg(干 ) ;西大亚湾的海洋生物中在 1 994、1 996和 1 997年检测到的活度浓度较高 ,珍珠贝、马尾藻和墨鱼中的最高年平均活度浓度分别为 2 .2、1 .7和 5 .8Bq/kg(鲜 ) ,1 997年以后随着排放量的下降而显著下降 ;( 3 )对于137Cs,1 994～ 1 998年西大亚湾海水样品中的活度浓度相对较高 ,年平均值最高的 1 995年为 4.6Bq/m3,1 999年以后与本底相当 ;137Cs在其他海洋介质中的活度浓度很低 ,且在本底涨落范围内变化 ;( 4 )对于西大亚湾海水中的3H ,只在核电站排放期间短时升高 ,3～ 5天后基本恢复到本底水平 ,实测年平均活度浓度在 0 .8～ 3 .4Bq/L之间     

关联度与关系模式分解满足P_(BC)且无α环的关系

一个数据库模式分解为满足保持函数依赖、无损联接性、BCNF且无α环是数据库理论和应用研究的重要问题之一。通过分析无α环的分解特性使我们得知,要达到无α环的分解,必须研究这种分解与关联度之间的关系。论文给出了这种关系。     

自适应分层免疫算法

免疫算法是一种新型的导向性随机启发式搜索算法,文章在简单介绍免疫算法基本原理及操作步骤的基础上,针对几个关键参数和操作算子对算法性能的影响进行探讨。提出根据具体的问题,结合各种形式免疫算法,建立一个自适应分层免疫算法。实验表明:自适应分层免疫算法能结合各底层免疫算法的优点,具有收敛速度快、寻解能力强等优点。     

交换式以太网的计算机建模与仿真

文章在对以太网原理和运行机制以及交换式以太网工作原理深入研究的基础上,对交换式以太网系统进行了基于传输层的模型抽象,采用面向事件的模拟仿真建模方法定义网络实体以及相关事件,并且将仿真结果与实测数据进行了对比。     

带有准确度评价的数字图象水印技术

文章介绍了一种带有准确度评价的二进制信息隐藏方案,并由此方案设计了一种针对灰度图象和彩色图象的鲁棒型盲数字水印技术。经Stirmark软件测试,该水印技术可以抵抗大多数标准的频率域和空间域的恶意攻击。