甘露醇对颅内血肿微创清除术患者疗效的影响

目的 探讨甘露醇对脑出血血肿微创清除术后患者疗效的影响.方法 将96例高血压脑出血血肿行微创清除术患者分为不用甘露醇组和用甘露醇组进行临床对比研究.结果 不用甘露醇组48例中,恢复良好、生活能自理29例(60.42%),中残、部分生活自理12例(25.00%).重残5例(10.42%),死亡2例(4.17%);用甘露醇组48例中,恢复良好、生活能自理24例(50.00%),中残、部分生活自理14例(29.17%),重残6例(12.50%),死亡4例(8.33%).手术1 d后复查头颅CT,不用甘露醇组血肿体积明显比用甘露醇组小,两组术后神经功能评分及血肿体积比较存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 颅内血肿微创清除术后不用甘露醇的治疗效果明显优于应用甘露醇,而甘露醇在颅内血肿微创清除术后需谨慎应用.     

青年与中老年急性脑出血的危险因素及预后比较

目的 比较青年与中老年发生急性脑出血的危险因素及其预后.方法 回顾性分析我院2002年1月-2009年1月神经外科住院的急性脑出血患者的临床资料,符合入选标准及排除标准者共786例,根据年龄分为青年组(年龄≤45岁)310例和中老年组(年龄>45岁)476例,对其相关危险因素进行比较分析,并分析两组急性脑出血患者的住院病死率和1年病死率.结果 高血压是脑出血发病的危险因素,中老年组高血压发病率更高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).高脂血症是中老年脑出血发病的危险因素,而吸烟史、大量饮酒史是青年脑出血发病的危险因素,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).高血压、动静脉畸形及动脉瘤破裂是青年脑出血的主要原因,高血压是中老年脑出血的主要原因.青年组和中老年组患者的住院病死率和1年病死率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 高血压是各年龄组脑出血发病的最重要的危险因素;高脂血症是中老年脑出血发病的危险因素,而吸烟史、大量饮酒史是青年脑出血的危险因素.预后主要与年龄、出血部位和出血量有关,年龄>45岁,出血量大或出血发生在脑干、丘脑部位的患者预后差.     

同型半胱氨酸与脑梗死病因的相关性研究

目的探讨同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）与脑梗死（CI）的关系。方法收集75例脑梗死患者（观察组）与72例健康门诊者（对照组）的差资料,测定血浆Hcy的含量,对比分析其与脑梗死的相关性。结果观察组血浆Hcy增高者45例（60．00％）,血浆Hcy含量为（25．33．28）μmol／L,对照组血浆Hcy增高者7例（9．72％）,血浆Hcy含量为（11．72±3．56）μmol／L。两组比较,差异有统计学建（P〈0．01）。结论高Hcy血症与脑梗死发生密切相关,Hcy是引起缺血性卒中的重要因素之一。     

针灸结合血府逐瘀汤治疗顽固性失眠20例

[目的]探讨顽固性失眠有效治疗途径。[方法]对20例患者采用针刺安神点及腹针并结合中药血府逐瘀汤加减治疗。[结果]在20例患者中,痊愈16例,好转3例,无效1例。总有效率95％。[结果]针灸结合血府逐瘀汤治疗疗效确切。     

腰痛宁胶囊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的：观察腰痛宁胶囊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法：将180例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机均分为试验组和对照组。2组均给予基础治疗（包括卧床休息、综合理疗及药物治疗）,试验组在此基础上加服腰痛宁胶囊,每次3～4粒,qd。采用视觉模拟评分（vAs）法评价2组患者的疼痛程度和临床疗效,观察治疗中出现的不良反应。结果：治疗后,试验组VAS评分明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）;试验组总有效率为93．3％,对照组为76．7％,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组均未见明显不良反应。结论：腰痛宁胶囊配合综合理疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著,安全性较好。     

Delayed-onset of progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia in a Chinese adult with a novel compound <Emphasis Type="Italic">WISP3</Emphasis> mutation: a case report

Background

Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPD) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease that is characterized by pain, stiffness and enlargement of multiple joints with an age of onset between 3 and 8 years old. Mutations in the WISP3 (Wnt1-inducible signal pathway) gene are known to be the cause of PPD.

Case presentation

We present a case of delayed-onset PPD in a Chinese man. The 35-year-old proband presented with an almost 20-year history of pain and limitations in mobility in multiple joints. Based on the clinical manifestations, the patient was diagnosed with PPD; however, there was no specific evidence to confirm this diagnosis. Through mutational analyses, two WIPS3 mutations in exon 4, including a novel frameshift mutation (c.670dupA) in the paternal allele and an already described nonsense mutation (c.756C?>?A, p.Cys252*) in the maternal allele, were identified in the proband. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with PPD. Furthermore, we found that the proband’s son only carried one of the mutations (c.670dupA) and therefore determined that he would not be affected by PPD in the future.

Conclusions

In this case, we successfully diagnosed the disease that the proband was affected precisely after the reunion of clinical diagnosis and genetic analysis. These findings demonstrate the clinical utility of genetic analysis to diagnose skeletal dysplasia and guide genetic counseling.

     

Smoking quantity determines disease activity and function in Chinese patients with ankylosing spondylitis

The objective of this study was to systemically and comprehensively evaluate the associations between smoking and disease outcomes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Information on smoking, clinical features, and sociodemographic characteristics was collected by a questionnaire administered directly to the patient. Group differences were analyzed by t test or chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate as the dependent variables and different stratification of smoking duration, smoking intensity, and cumulative smoking as independent variables. In order to compare our results with previous studies, meta-analysis was performed to calculate standardized mean difference (SMD) for relationship between outcomes and smoking status. A total of 1178 AS patients were analyzed. Compared with non-smokers, the risk of having active disease (BASDAI ≥?4) was higher in patients who smoked at least 15 years, or 15 cigarettes per day, or 15 pack-years (OR?=?1.70 [1.06, 2.73], 1.75 [1.08, 2.82], and 1.97 [1.06, 3.67], respectively); and smokers had increasing risk of BASDAI ≥?4 with increasing years of smoking, or cigarettes per day, or pack-years (p_-trend?=?0.010, 0.008 and 0.006, respectively). The risk of having active disease was higher in patients who smoked at least 15 cigarettes per day or 15 pack-years (OR?=?1.74 [1.06, 2.84] and 2.89 [1.56, 5.35], respectively), with increasing number of cigarettes per day and pack-years. Smokers had an increased risk of BASFI ≥?4 (p_-trend?=?0.040 and 0.007, respectively). By meta-analysis, current, former and ever smokers had significantly higher BASDAI (SMD?=?0.34 [0.18, 0.48], 0.10 [0.01, 0.19], and 0.27 [0.20, 0.34], respectively) and BASFI (SMD?=?0.35 [0.16, 0.55], 0.30 [0.22, 0.39], and 0.35 [0.21, 0.50], respectively) compared to non-smokers. Smoking is a risk factor for greater disease activity and worse functioning in AS patients.     

生物学教学中实施素质教育之浅见

从思想品德素质、科学文化素质、心理素质、身体技能素质四个方阐述如何在生物学教学中进行素质教育。     

小儿先天性巨结肠的X线诊断

目的 明确小儿先天性巨结肠的X线表现。方法 分析58例先天性巨结肠钡剂灌肠X线改变。结果 58例先天性巨结肠均表现为直肠末段不同范围痉挛性狭窄。结论 钡剂灌肠检查对小儿先天性巨结肠有确诊作用。     

高原人睾丸酮、雌二醇水平与年龄和血红蛋白之间相关性研究

本资料研究高原地区（３２００ｍ）３７５例正常人（１５～８５岁）的血浆睾酮（Ｔ）、雌二醇（Ｅ＿２）浓度与年龄和血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）等之间的相互关系，结果：①男性Ｔ值在６０岁前高于平原值（Ｐ＜０．０５），在６０岁后，Ｔ随龄增加而下降，Ｅ＿２随龄增而上升，Ｈｂ和睾丸体积（Ｖ）在５０岁后，逐渐下降或减少，Ｈｂ与Ｔ之间呈正相关（ｒ＝０．１４５，Ｐ＜０．０５）；②女性中Ｔ随龄增有下降趋势，Ｅ＿２随龄增而明显下降（ｒ＝０．２０２，Ｐ＜０．０５）；Ｔ／Ｅ＿２比值在男性中随龄增而下降，在女性中则上升。提示：在高原低氧环境中，人体为了适应缺氧环境，性激素等发生了相应性变化。