4,6-双苯基-2-氨基-3-氰基吡啶类化合物的合成及其 抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 设计合成一系列4,6-双苯基-2-氨基-3-氰基吡啶类化合物,并对其体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步评价。方法 以取代苯甲醛、取代苯乙酮、丙二腈和醋酸铵为原料,经一步反应制得目标化合物。采用MTT法,以 MX-58151 为阳性对照药,以 A549、HT-29 和 SMMC-7721为测试细胞株对目标化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。 结果与结论 合成了13 个未见报道的4,6-双苯基-2-氨基-3-氰基吡啶类化合物, 其结构经¹H-NMR、MS 和 IR 谱确证。体外活性测试结果显示,多数化合物能够在较低的浓度下抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。其中,2-氨基-6-（4-氟苯基）-4-（2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基）-3-氰基吡啶 具有显著的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性,IC₅₀值达纳摩尔级水平,明显优于阳性对照药MX-58151。     

5H-呋喃并[3,2-g]色烯类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

目的 设计合成5H-呋喃并[3,2-g]色烯类化合物,并测定其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法 以2’,4’-二羟基苯乙酮为原料,经缩合、催化氢化和 Fries 重排等反应合成目标化合物。采用人骨肉瘤细胞U2OS-EGFP-4A12G对目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步评价。结果与结论 合成了10个未见文献报道的5H-呋喃并[3,2-g]色烯类化合物,其结构经红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振氢谱确证。化合物7a、7e 和 7h 对人骨肉瘤细胞 U2OS-EGFP-4A12G 的抑制活性较强,其IC₅₀值分别为16.53、7.74、13.27 μmol·L^-1。5H-呋喃并[3,2-g]色烯类化合物是一类具有新型骨架结构的抗肿瘤化合物,值得进一步研究。     

3-苯甲酰基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮衍生物的设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性

目的 设计合成3-苯甲酰基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮衍生物,并评价其抗肿瘤活性。方法 以取代苯乙酮为原料,首先与碳酸二乙酯经Claisen缩合得到相应的取代β-酮酸酯,再与取代水杨醛经Knoevenagel缩合,同时环合得到目标化合物。采用人急性早幼粒白血病细胞HL-60及人乳腺癌细胞T47D对部分目标化合物的抗肿瘤活性进行初步评价。结果 合成了18个目标化合物,其中13个未见文献报道,目标化合物的结构经核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱确证。化合物III₁₅对人乳腺癌细胞T47D的抑制活性较强,IC₅₀值为38 μmol.L^-1;化合物III₁、III₂、III₁₅对人急性早幼粒白血病细胞HL-60的抑制活性较好,IC₅₀值分别为37、36、16 μmol.L^-1。结论 3-苯甲酰基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮衍生物作为新型肿瘤抑制剂,其构效关系值得进一步研究。     

L-异谷氨酰胺类氨肽酶N抑制剂的合成及初步活性

目的 设计并合成一系列新型L-异谷氨酰胺类衍生物,并测定其对氨肽酶N (APN)的抑制活性。方法 以L-谷氨酸为基本骨架,与3,4-二氯苯甲酸形成酰氯发生酰化、环合反应得到关键中间体环状酸酐,再经氨解反应合成目标化合物。采用体外抑酶试验测定化合物抑制氨肽酶N的活性。 结果与结论 合成了15个未见报道的L-异谷氨酰胺衍生物,其结构经过¹H-NMR、MS、和IR的确证。其中化合物I₄、I₆显示出较好的抑制氨肽酶N活性(IC₅₀=20~40 μmol.L^-1),有进一步研究的价值。     

2-苯基-5-吡啶基-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物的合成及黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性

目的 设计合成2-苯基-5-吡啶基-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物,并对其黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性进行初步评价。方法 以对羟基苯甲酸甲酯为原料,经烃化、肼解、环合等反应合成目标化合物。以非布司他为阳性对照药,采用牛源的黄嘌呤氧化酶对目标化合物的抑制活性进行评价。结果 共合成了15 个未见文献报道的目标化合物,结构经核磁共振氢谱、飞行时间质谱和红外光谱确证。目标化合物均表现出一定的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性,其中化合物 4m（IC₅₀=1.04 µmol·L^-1）活性最好,但低于阳性对照药非布司他（IC₅₀=0.024 µmol·L^-1）。结论 2-苯基-5-吡啶基-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物作为新型黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂,其构效关系值得进一步研究。     

5H-哒嗪并[4,5-b]吲哚类新化合物的合成及 抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性

目的 设计并合成5H-哒嗪并[4,5-b]吲哚类化合物,评价其体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性。方法 以7-溴-1-氯-8-(3-氯丙氧基)-5-环丙基-5H-哒嗪并[4,5-b]吲哚为起始原料,经取代、醚化、Mannich 反应、选择性氧化共3步或4步反应合成目标化合物;以吉非替尼(gefitinib)为阳性对照药,采用 MTT 法测定了目标化合物对肿瘤细胞株 Bel-7402 和 HT-1080 的抗增殖活性。结果与结论 合成了13 个化合物,其中12 个是未见文献报道的新化合物,其结构经¹H-NMR、MS 谱确证;8个化合物显示出较好的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性,其中,化合物4a和5a抗增殖活性突出,分别为吉非替尼的3倍和4倍。     

1,1-环戊二羧酸环己二胺合铂(II)的合成与抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 合成一种新的抗肿瘤铂络合物(QLNC-801)——1,1-环戊二羧酸环己二胺合铂(II)。方法 以左旋-反式-1,2-环己二胺和四氯亚铂酸钾为原料、水为溶剂,在室温下反应合成左旋-反式-1,2-环己二胺-顺式二氯合铂(2);以四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,丙二酸二乙酯与1,4-二溴丁烷在碱性条件下反应生成1,1-环戊二羧酸二乙酯,再经水解生成1,1-环戊二羧酸(3),3 在弱碱性条件下与硝酸银反应生成1,1-环戊二羧酸银(4);2 和 4 在水中,于40~50 ℃反应生成目标化合物 QLNC-801。以卡铂和奥沙利铂为阳性对照药,对目标化合物进行体外细胞毒活性和体内抗肿瘤活性进行评价。结果与结论 目标化合物的合成总收率为36%,其结构经元素分析、质谱和核磁共振氢谱等确证;体外对人胃癌 SGC7901、人结肠癌 HT29 和人肺癌 A549 的 IC₅₀值分别为7.8、31、25 μmol·L^-1;体内试验以13、26、52 mg·kg^-1 剂量给药后对小鼠 Lewis 肺癌移植瘤的抑瘤率分别为 52.7%、69.5%和 86.7%,对小鼠结肠癌 C₃₈ 的抑瘤率为 44.3%、70.6%和75.7%,体外细胞毒活性和体内抗肿瘤活性与奥沙利铂相当,毒副作用相对较低。目标化合物的合成工艺稳定、操作简便。     

金刚烷胺衍生物的设计、合成及其抗禽流感病毒活性

目的 设计合成金刚烷胺衍生物并对其进行抗禽流感病毒活性测试。方法 以金刚烷甲酰氯和氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐为起始原料经酰胺化、水解、成盐等反应依次得到3个系列金刚烷胺衍生物。以金刚烷胺为阳性对照,采用幼犬肾（MDCK）细胞系噬斑形成实验测定目标化合物的抗禽流感病毒活性。结果与结论 共合成了20 个未见报道的新化合物,目标化合物的结构均经¹H-NMR、IR、MS 谱确证;仅有化合物 A₅ 显示出较好的抗禽流感病毒活性。     

2,2-二甲基苯并吡喃类衍生物的合成

目的 设计合成一系列苯并吡喃类衍生物。方法 以2-甲基-丁-3-炔-2-醇为起始原料,经氯代、Williamson 成醚、环合、Aldol 缩合4步反应得到目标化合物。结果与结论 合成了16个未见文献报道的新化合物,其结构经¹H-NMR 和 MS 谱确定。所有目标化合物的抗肿瘤活性测试正在进行中。     

N-取代-2, 6-哌啶二酮类氨肽酶 N (APN/CD13) 抑制剂的 合成及生物活性

目的 寻找具有较高 APN 酶抑制活性的新型化合物。方法 以光学纯的 L-谷氨酰胺为原料,经 Boc 保护、环合、取代、脱 Boc 保护、缩合、催化氢化、缩合、脱 Boc 保护成盐等反应合成目标化合物。并对目标化合物进行了初步的体外抑酶活性试验。结果 合成了 1 个未见文献报道的 N-取代-2, 6-哌啶二酮类氨肽酶 N(APN/CD13)抑制剂：(R)-2-氨基-N-((S)-1-(2-(2-(二甲胺基)乙氨基)-2-氧乙基)-2,6-二氧哌啶-3-基)-3-苯丙酰胺,其结构经核磁共振氢谱和电喷雾质谱确证。结论 目标化合物对 APN 表现出一定的抑制活性,其 IC₅₀ 值为56.4 μmol•L^-1,但低于阳性对照药 Bestatin （IC₅₀ 值为 3.6 μmol•L^-1）。通过进一步的结构修饰,有望找到活性更好的化合物。     

3,3'-Diindolylmethane, but not indole-3-carbinol, inhibits histone deacetylase activity in prostate cancer cells

Increased consumption of cruciferous vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of developing prostate cancer. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) are phytochemicals derived from cruciferous vegetables that have shown promise in inhibiting prostate cancer in experimental models. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition is an emerging target for cancer prevention and therapy. We sought to examine the effects of I3C and DIM on HDACs in human prostate cancer cell lines: androgen insensitive PC-3 cells and androgen sensitive LNCaP cells. I3C modestly inhibited HDAC activity in LNCaP cells by 25% but no inhibition of HDAC activity was detected in PC-3 cells. In contrast, DIM significantly inhibited HDAC activity in both cell lines by as much as 66%. Decreases in HDAC activity correlated with increased expression of p21, a known target of HDAC inhibitors. DIM treatment caused a significant decrease in the expression of HDAC2 protein in both cancer cell lines but no significant change in the protein levels of HDAC1, HDAC3, HDAC4, HDAC6 or HDAC8 was detected. Taken together, these results show that inhibition of HDAC activity by DIM may contribute to the phytochemicals' anti-proliferative effects in the prostate. The ability of DIM to target aberrant epigenetic patterns, in addition to its effects on detoxification of carcinogens, may make it an effective chemopreventive agent by targeting multiple stages of prostate carcinogenesis.     

Design,synthesis, and preliminary bioactivity evaluation of N‐benzylpyrimidin‐2‐amine derivatives as novel histone deacetylase inhibitor

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been identified for the treatment of cancer. Lately, we designed and synthesized a series of substituted N‐benzylpyrimidin‐2‐amine derivatives as potent HDAC inhibitors. In vitro HDAC inhibitory activities and antiproliferative activities of target compounds were investigated. Some target compounds showed potent HDAC inhibitory activities and possessed obvious antiproliferative activity against tumor cells. Target compounds 6a , 6d , 8a , 8c, and 8f not only exhibited almost equally enzymatic inhibitory activity with SAHA, but showed better antiproliferative activities.     

Potential role of histone deacetylase 3 specific inhibitor Compound A in diabetes treatment

OBJECTIVE In order to develop histone deacetylase 3(HDAC3) as a therapeutic target of diabetes,this project was mainly to study the antidiabetic potential role of HDAC3 specific inhibitor and its mechanism.METHODS HDAC3-selective inhibition small molecule Compound A was found through screening method in vitro.In vivo, the potency of Compound A on regulating blood glucose was test in streptozotocin(STZ) and high fat diet(HFD) induced diabetic mice, and hyperglycemic clamp technique was used to evaluate its effect on β cell function. At the same time, the ability of Compound A to promote insulin secretion was also assessed in β cells. RESULTS Compound A could down-regulate the fasting glycemia and ameliorate the oral glucose tolerance significantly. It could also augment the glucose infusion rate, and improve phaseⅠinsulin secretionand β cel function during the hyperglycemic clamp test. Besides, Compound A could promote insulin secretion in β cell line MIN6 cells, and up-regulate the expression level of Ins1 and Ins2. CONCLUSION HDAC3 specific inhibitor Compound A had the antidiabetic effect in STZ/HFD induced diabetic mice, which could be related to amelioration of β cell function. Furthermore,HDAC3 might be a novel drug target for diabetes treatment.     

新型苯磺酰胺类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

目的设计合成新型苯甲酰胺类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂,并探讨此类HDAC抑制剂的构效关系。方法以HDAC抑制剂恩替司他(entinostat,MS-275)为先导化合物,对其离子结合区与表面识别区进行改造,根据HDACs活性中心的结构特点,设计并合成了系列苯磺酰胺化合物。首先,对甲苯磺酰氯与邻硝基苯胺缩合得到含磺酰胺基的化合物,然后,经溴代、叠氮化、水解得到氨基化合物,最后与取代酰氯缩合并还原得到目标化合物。采用SRB法,对PC3、HL-60、A549三种肿瘤细胞株进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选。结果与结论合成了11个未见文献报道的新化合物,化合物的结构经质谱、核磁共振氢谱、碳谱确证;体外抗肿瘤活性评价结果表明,化合物8j和8k对HL-60、PC3肿瘤细胞株具有增殖抑制活性,化合物8j对HL-60细胞抑制作用的IC50值为31.329μmol·L-1、化合物8k对PC3肿瘤细胞抑制作用的IC50值为3.612μmol·L-1。     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of novel HDAC inhibitors: sulphur-containing zinc binding groups

Zinc binding group (ZBG) is the crucial moiety in the chemical structure of any HDAC inhibitor. In the present study, a series of sulphur-containing ZBG were designed and synthesized in the novel HDAC inhibitors to replace the classical ZBGs of SAHA and BML-210,hydroxamic acids and benzamides, respectively. The HDAC inhibitory activity and the structure-activity relationships of these molecules were analyzed. A sulphur-rich group, diethylcarbamo (dithioperoxo)thioate, was finally identifiedas a novel potent ZBG. Among all the synthesized compounds, 4d was much more potent compared with BML-210, and it showed similar inhibitory effect of SAHA against HDAC isoforms 1 and 2. Therefore, it was chosen as a lead compound.     

Trichostatin A improves insulin stimulated glucose utilization and insulin signaling transduction through the repression of HDAC2

Previous study showed that Trichostatin A (TSA) could improve insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation at tyrosine in response to insulin evocation. However, the effects of TSA on insulin stimulated glucose utilization and insulin signaling transduction are still poorly understood. Here we showed that TSA significantly enhanced insulin stimulated glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase activities in C2C12 myotubes. In addition, the insulin stimulated phosphorylations in insulin receptor, Akt and GSK3beta were remarkably increased in the TSA-treated cells. These improving effects of TSA were probably due to HDAC2 inhibition, since the enhanced expression of HDAC2 could abolish the TSA-induced improvement in the insulin signaling transduction. Moreover, HDAC2 knockdown as well as TSA treatment also improved insulin stimulated glycogen synthesis. Most importantly, no additional effect of TSA on insulin stimulated glycogen synthesis was observed in the HDAC2 downregulated cells. These data suggest that HDAC2 should be an important potential target for regulating insulin sensitivity.     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶3在心血管疾病中的研究进展

组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylases,HDACs)是表观遗传的一种修饰酶,其与染色质结构和基因转录调控密切相关。HDAC3属于第Ⅰ类组蛋白去乙酰化酶,研究报道HDAC3在心脏发育过程中起着关键的作用,最新研究发现HDAC3在心血管疾病中发挥着重要的调控作用。本文主要围绕Ⅰ类组蛋白去乙酰化酶家族中的HDAC3,综述其定位和酶活性与先天性心脏病、冠心病、心肌疾病、心力衰竭、心律失常的关系,为心血管疾病临床治疗提供新的药物靶点。