小儿原发性肾病综合征患者血清免疫球蛋白水平分析

目的：探讨免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgG、IgM、IgE）在小儿原发性肾病综合征（PNS）患儿血清中的变化及在临床诊断中的意义。方法：采用免疫比浊法对35例肾病患儿及20例正常健康儿童的免疫球蛋白的含量进行定量分析。结果：患儿血清IgG显著低于正常对照组,IgM、IgE显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）。IgA与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：测定血清中IgA、IgG、IgM、IgE水平可为进一步探讨肾病的发病机理提供重要参考依据。     

儿童原发性肾病综合征血清免疫球蛋白水平的变化分析

目的分析儿童原发性肾病综合征(PNS)血清免疫球蛋白水平的变化。方法选取2017年5月至2018年9月惠州市中心人民医院接受治疗的49例PNS患儿作为研究组,另选同期49例健康体检儿童作为对照组,并按照病情状况将研究组患儿分为难治组(频繁复发、有激素依赖性或激素耐药,共20例)、激素敏感组(共29例)。分别检测两组儿童入院时的免疫球蛋白水平及治疗3个月后免疫球蛋白水平。首先,对比对照组、研究组儿童入院时血清免疫球蛋白水平;然后对比难治组、激素敏感组治疗前和治疗后血清免疫球蛋白水平,综合分析儿童PNS血清免疫球蛋白水平变化特点。结果研究组患儿免疫球蛋白M (IgM)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、免疫球蛋白E (IgE)水平均高于对照组,免疫球蛋白G (IgG)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组患儿缓解期IgM、IgG、IgA、IgE水平均较活动期有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。活动期、缓解期难治组和激素敏感组的IgM、IgA、IgE对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);但活动期、缓解期难治组IgG均低于激素敏感组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PNS患儿有明显IgG降低和IgM、IgA、IgE升高表现,活动期表现更为明显,缓解期会有所改善,而难治性PNS患儿的IgG降低表现更明显,即使经过治疗仍然很低。临床当中应加强对PNS患儿血清免疫球蛋白监测,以此评估预后、判断疾病类型,针对性制定优化治疗方案。     

原发性肾病综合征患儿血清免疫球蛋白和补体水平分析

目的探讨免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)和补体(C3、C4)在原发性肾病综合征(肾病)患儿血清中的变化及在临床诊断中的意义。方法采用免疫比浊法对80例肾病患儿(观察组)及80例正常健康儿童(对照组)的免疫球蛋白和补体的含量进行定量分析。结果观察组患儿血清IgG显著低于正常对照组,IgM和C4显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05);IgA、C3与正常对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);男性患儿血清IgG、C4水平高于女性患儿(P<0.05),而IgA、IgM和C3差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论测定血清中IgG、IgM、C3水平可为进一步探讨肾病的发病机理提供重要参考依据。     

血清免疫球蛋白、补体C 3水平与原发性肾病综合征患儿疾病复发的相关性分析

目的:分析血清免疫球蛋白、补体C3水平与原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿疾病复发的相关性。方法:选取2018年9月至2021年4月该院收治的94例PNS患儿为研究对象,纳入观察组,另选取同期于该院行常规体检的90名健康儿童为对照组。比较两组血清免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)及补体C3水平,治疗结束后随访6个月,统计PNS患儿疾病复发情况,并比较疾病复发患儿与未复发患儿血清免疫球蛋白、补体C3水平,分析血清免疫球蛋白、补体C3水平与PNS患儿疾病复发的相关性。结果:观察组血清IgE、IgM水平均高于对照组,IgA、IgG、补体C3水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);94例患儿中,PNS复发53例,未复发41例;疾病复发患儿血清IgE、IgM水平均高于未复发患儿,IgA、IgG及补体C3水平均低于未复发患儿,且血清IgE、IgM水平与PNS复发呈正相关,IgA、IgG及补体C3水平与PNS复发呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:PNS患儿血清IgE、IgM水平升高,IgA、IgG及补体C3水平降低,且血清IgE、IgM水平与PNS复发呈正相关,IgA、IgG及补体C3水平与PNS复发呈负相关。     

免疫球蛋白及C3对儿童原发性肾病综合征病情评估及预后的意义

目的：了解儿童原发性肾病综合征（PNS ）初次发病时血清免疫球蛋白、C3水平及其在治疗预后中的临床意义。方法回顾性分析2003年1月1日至2012年12月30日首次发病就诊的426例 PNS 患儿不同年龄段免疫球蛋白、C3水平及与临床分型、激素反应、复发情况、预后、各病理类型间的相关性。结果（1）与健康儿童相比,PNS患儿外周血IgG水平明显降低, IgM、IgE水平明显升高。（2）激素敏感型肾病（SSNS）的IgE水平高于激素耐药型肾病（SRNS）;频复发患儿的IgE水平高于未复发。（3）＞1岁的PNS患儿,肾炎型肾病（NNS）的C3水平低于单纯型肾病（SNS）。结论 PNS 和免疫功能紊乱有关,血清 IgE水平增高,临床上多表现为激素敏感及频复发;血清 C3水平越低,患儿预后越差。     

补体及免疫球蛋白测定在小儿原发性肾病综合征的应用

目的 探讨免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)及补体(C3、C4)在小儿原发性肾病综合症(PNS)患儿血清中的变化及在临床诊断中的应用.方法 采用免疫比浊法对30例PNS患儿及30例健康儿童的免疫球蛋白及补体的含量进行定量测定,进行分析比较.PNS患儿血清IgG 显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),IgM显著高于正常对照组(p<0.01).IgA、C3、C4与正常对照组比较无显著性差异.结论 测定血清中IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4 水平可为进一步探讨肾病的发病机理提供重要参考依据.     

肾脏病患者血清免疫球蛋白及其亚类比值的观察

目的：进一步了解IgG亚类及与IgM比值在肾脏病患者血清中变化的意义。方法：采用美国Backman ARRAY 360型速率散射比浊仪，应用速率散射比浊法测定肾病综合征、急性肾炎及慢性肾炎患者血清IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4、IgG/IgM比值、IgG1/IgM比值和IgA/IgM比值。结果：肾病综合征患者血清IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgG及C3、C4、IgG/IgM、IgG1/IgM比值均显著降低，与正常对照比较差异有显著性意义；急性肾小球肾炎患者血清IgG2、C3、IgA/IgM比值均降低，与正常对照比较差异有非常显著性意义；慢性肾小球肾炎患者血清中只有IgG2降低，与正常对照比较差异亦有非常显著性意义。结论：IgG/IgM比值、IgG1/IgM比值对肾病综合征特别是拒绝肾活检患者，IgA/IgM比值和C3对急性肾炎患者以及IgG2的测定对慢性肾炎的治疗和预后评估有一定的临床意义。     

过敏性紫癜体液免疫状态分析

目的对比研究过敏性紫癜(HSP)体液免疫状态,探寻其发病机理。方法随机收集HSP患儿及正常对照儿童,用免疫散射比浊法检测血清IgG、IgA、IgM、C3及C4水平,IgE用ELISA方法检测。结果过敏性紫癜患儿IgG、IgA、JgE及C4水平均明显高于正常对照组,而IgM、明显低于正常对照组,C3在两组间无显著差异;其中,紫癜性肾炎患儿IgG、IgE、C3明显低于HSP肾未受损者。结论过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎患儿存在严重的免疫功能紊乱,补体激活可能在其紫癜性肾炎的发病小扮演一定角色。     

肾病综合征患儿血IgG与尿蛋白变化的分析

目的观察儿童原发性单纯性肾病综合征血免疫球蛋白G（IgG）与尿蛋白变化之间有无相关关系。方法运用医学统计学方法,分析46例初次发病且未经激素治疗的原发性单纯性肾病综合征患儿血IgG变化与尿蛋白定量的关系。结果血IgG与尿蛋白定量之间不存在线形回归关系,也无相关关系。结论部分肾病综合征患儿发病时即有血IgG水平降低,但分析显示血IgG水平与尿蛋白定量之间不存在线形回归关系,也无相关性,提示大量蛋白尿可能不是某些原发性单纯性肾病综合征患儿血IgG水平降低的主要原因。     

过敏性紫癜患儿的免疫功能测定及意义

目的:研究过敏性紫癜(HSP)的免疫功能,并探讨其发病机制。方法:对102例HSP患者记录急性期临床指标,并检查血清免疫球蛋白、IL-4和血T细胞亚群,对照组为30例同期体检正常儿童。结果:102例HSP患者中51例发生紫癜性肾炎,HSP组血清IgA、IgC、IgE、IL-4、CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8、CD19均与对照组差异有显著性(P<0.05),而IgM、CD2、CD3、NK、CD8等与对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),紫癜性肾炎组血清IgE、IL-4与HSP肾未受损组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),但T细胞亚群、IgM、IgA、IgG等比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论:HSP存在免疫功能紊乱。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.