牛磺酸抑制肾性高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的研究

目的：探讨牛磺酸对肾性高血压大鼠左室心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：75只大鼠随机分为3组，模型组、假手术组和给药组。其中模型组：采用二肾一夹（2KIC）法建立肾血管性高血压大鼠模型；给药组：高血压模型成功后，于术后4周末开始灌饲牛磺酸50mg／（kg·d）8周。采用末端脱氧核昔酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）进行心肌细胞捌亡原位检测；放射免疫法检测心肌AngⅡ含量；分光光度计法检测心肌细胞DNA含量。结果：进入结果分析的模型组、似手术组及用药组分别为17、30和8只。与假手术组相比，模型组术后第4、12周末心肌细胞凋亡均明显增多（P〈0．01）；心肌细胞DNA含量和AngⅡ含量亦明显增多（P〈0．01）。与4周末模型组相比，12周末模型组血压心肌细胞凋亡增多（P〈0．05），心肌DNA含量明显增多（P〈0．01），AngⅡ含量增多（P〈0．01）。与12周末模型组相比，给药组心肌细胞凋产减少（P〈0.01），心肌DNA和AngⅡ含量明显减少（P〈0．01）。结论：肾性高廊压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡增多，牛磺酸治疗可抑制心肌细胞凋亡。     

牛磺酸对肾性高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

探讨牛磺酸对高血压大鼠左室心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：建立肾血管性高血压大鼠模型,心肌细胞凋亡检测采用ＴｄＴ介导的原位末端缺口标记法,ＡｎｇⅡ测定采用放免法。结果与相应假手术组相比,两级模型组（４周、１２周）心肌ＡｎｇⅡ含量增多,收肌细胞凋亡增多;与１２周模型组相比,给药组左收室／体重比和心肌ＡｎｇⅡ含心肌细胞凋亡减少,与正常组相近。结论高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡增多,牛磺酸高血压心肌细胞凋亡有抑制作用     

牛磺酸对高血压大鼠心肌肥厚、心肌细胞凋亡、NO及血管紧张素Ⅱ含量的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对肾血管性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚、心肌细胞凋亡、一氧化氮（NO）及血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ang Ⅱ）含量的影响。方法采用两肾一夹（2K1C）型肾血管性高血压大鼠模型。所有大鼠被随机分为3组（每组20只）：假手术对照组、高血压对照组、牛磺酸治疗组。于术后第5周开始给予牛磺酸50mg·kg^-1·d^-1。采用标准尾套法间接检测清醒大鼠血压。给药8周后,大鼠处死,分离其左室心肌以用于检测左室质量/体质量比、心肌细胞凋亡指数（AI）、NO和Ang Ⅱ含量。结果与假手术组大鼠相比,未给药2K1C高血压大鼠血压明显升高,左室质量体质量比、心肌AI和Ang Ⅱ含量均升高,心肌NO含量降低。应用牛磺酸治疗则明显降低了肾动脉狭窄术后大鼠的血压、左室质量/体质量比、心肌Ai和Ang Ⅱ含量;同时也升高了2K1C高血压大鼠心肌NO含量。结论长疗程牛磺酸治疗可抑制高血压大鼠心肌肥厚和心肌细胞凋亡发生,其作用机制与药物调控心源性活性物质分泌水平有关。     

牛磺酸对高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及组织肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对肾血管性高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及组织局部肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的影响。方法采用两肾一夹型肾血管性高血压大鼠模型。所有大鼠被随机分为3组(每组20只):假手术对照组,高血压对照组,牛磺酸治疗组。于术后第5周开始给予牛磺酸50mg.kg-1.d-1。采用标准尾套法间接检测清醒大鼠血压。给药8周后,大鼠处死,分离其左室心肌以用于检测左室重/体重比、心肌组织的血管紧张素Ⅱ含量(放射免疫法检测)、血管紧张素转换酶活性(分光光度计法检测)和心肌细胞凋亡(原位末端标记法)。结果与假手术对照组大鼠相比,未给药高血压对照组大鼠血压明显升高,左室重/体重比和心肌细胞凋亡指数升高,心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ含量增加、血管紧张素转换酶活性增高。应用牛磺酸治疗则明显降低了肾动脉狭窄术后大鼠的血压和心肌细胞凋亡指数,降低了左室重/体重比;同时也降低了高血压对照组大鼠心肌的血管紧张素Ⅱ含量和血管紧张素转换酶活性。结论长疗程牛磺酸治疗可抑制高血压大鼠心肌细胞凋亡和逆转心肌肥厚,上述作用与药物拮抗组织RAS有关。     

牛磺酸对肾性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及心源性血管活性物质间平衡的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对肾血管性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及心源性血管活性物质间平衡的影响。方法采用两肾一夹型肾血管性高血压大鼠模型。所有大鼠被随机分为3组(每组20只):假手术对照组;高血压对照组;牛磺酸治疗组。于术后第5周开始给予牛磺酸50m g.kg-1.d-1。采用标准尾套法间接检测清醒大鼠血压。给药8周后,大鼠处死,分离其左室心肌以用于检测左室质量/体质量比、心肌组织的血管紧张素Ⅱ和一氧化氮含量。结果与假手术组大鼠相比,未给药2K1C高血压大鼠血压明显升高,左室质量/体质量比增大,心肌组织血管紧张素Ⅱ含量增加,一氧化氮含量降低。应用牛磺酸治疗则明显抑制了肾动脉狭窄术后大鼠血压的升高,降低了2K1C高血压大鼠左室质量/体质量比和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ含量,并使心肌一氧化氮含量升高。结论长疗程牛磺酸治疗可抑制肾性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚的发生,其机制可能与调节心肌组织局部血管紧张素Ⅱ与一氧化氮间平衡有关。     

牛磺酸对肾性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及组织局部RAS的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对肾血管性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及组织局部肾素-血管紧张素系统(RA S)的影响。方法采用两肾一夹型肾血管性高血压大鼠模型。所有大鼠被随机分为3组(每组20只):假手术对照组,高血压对照组和牛磺酸治疗组,于术后第5周开始给予牛磺酸50m g.kg-1.d-1。采用标准尾套法间接检测清醒大鼠血压。给药8周后,处死大鼠,分离左室心肌,检测左室重/体重比、心肌的血管紧张素Ⅱ含量(放射免疫法检测)和血管紧张素转换酶活性(分光光度计法检测)。结果与假手术组大鼠相比,未给药2K1C高血压大鼠血压明显升高,左室重/体重比增大,心肌的血管紧张素Ⅱ含量增加和血管紧张素转换酶活性均增高。应用牛磺酸治疗则明显抑制了肾动脉狭窄术后大鼠血压的升高,降低了2K1C高血压大鼠左室重/体重比、心肌的血管紧张素Ⅱ含量和血管紧张素转换酶活性。结论长疗程牛磺酸治疗可抑制肾性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚的发生,其机制可能与抑制心肌组织局部血管紧张素Ⅱ生成有关。     

肾性高血压大鼠肥大心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ水平、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和丝裂素活化蛋白激酶的表达

目的观察肾性高血压大鼠肥大心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)的表达。方法20只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,每组10只,实验组制备二肾一夹高血压大鼠模型,假手术组大鼠未进行二肾一夹,观察2组大鼠术后8周血压、心肌肥大指数、心肌AngⅡ含量、心肌组织bFGF与MAPK的表达。结果与假手术组比较,实验组大鼠术后8周血压、心肌肥大指数、心肌AngⅡ水平明显增高(P<0.01,P<0.05),心肌bFGF与MAPK表达显著增强(P<0.05)。结论bFGF、MAPK参与肾性高血压大鼠心肌肥大的发生机制。     

苯那普利及厄贝沙坦对心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨苯那普利、厄贝沙坦及两者联合用药对心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学的影响。方法:采用缩窄大鼠腹主动脉造成压力负荷性心肌肥厚致心力衰竭的大鼠模型。随机分为5组:假手术组、模型组、苯那普利组、厄贝沙坦组及联合用药组,连续给药8周,检测心脏指数(HMI、LVMI)及血流动力学参数:LVSP,LVEDP,dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax;放免法检测血浆和心肌AngⅡ的含量。结果:模型组HMI、LVMI均显著升高(P<0.01),各治疗组显著下降(P<0.01),联合组较单用明显(P<0.05);与模型组相比,苯那普利组及联合用药组AngⅡ的含量显著降低(P<0.01),而厄贝沙坦组AngⅡ含量增高;与假手术组相比,模型组LVEDP显著升高(P<0.01),各治疗组均有不同程度的下降(P<0.01),且联合用药组较单用组明显(P<0.05);模型组LVSP、dp/dtmax明显下降(P<0.01),治疗后,各组有不同程度上升(P<0.01)。结论:联合应用苯那普利和厄贝沙坦对改善心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学具有协同作用。     

肾性高血压大鼠肥大心肌bFGF与丝裂素活化蛋白激酶的表达及氯沙坦对其影响

目的:观察肾性高血压大鼠肥大心肌碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)与丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)表达的影响以及氯沙坦逆转心肌肥大的作用。方法:制备二肾一夹高血压大鼠模型为实验组,采用氯沙坦作为治疗组,以未进行二肾一夹大鼠作为假手术组,观察3组大鼠术后8周心肌肥大指数、心肌血管紧张素含量、心肌组织bFGF与MAPK的表达。结果:与假手术组相比,实验组大鼠术后8周心肌肥大指数、心肌Ang水平明显增高(分别P<0.01,P<0.05);治疗组大鼠心肌肥大指数则无明显差异,心肌Ang仍保持在高水平。与假手术组相比,实验组心肌bFGF与MAPK表达显著增强(分别P<0.05),而氯沙坦可以显著抑制bFGF与MAPK表达。结论:bFGF、MAPK参与肾性高血压心肌肥大的发生机制,氯沙坦除了阻断Ang诱导的肥大信号转导外,还可能通过抑制bFGF诱导的细胞信号转导途径逆转心肌肥大。     

牛磺酸对游泳训练诱导大鼠心肌肥厚的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对游泳训练诱导大鼠心肌肥厚的影响。方法采用游泳训练引起的大鼠心肌肥厚为模型。所有大鼠被随机分为3组(每组10只):对照组,游泳组,牛磺酸组。牛磺酸治疗剂量为300 mg.kg-1.d-1。经游泳运动8周后,大鼠处死,分离心脏组织用于检测左心室重/体质量比(LVW/BW),心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)含量、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)mRNA表达量。结果与正常对照组相比,未给药的游泳组大鼠LVW/BW升高,心肌AngⅡ含量、TGF-β1 mRNA表达量增高;应用牛磺酸治疗则明显减小了游泳训练大鼠LVW/BW,降低了心肌AngⅡ含量、TGF-β1 mRNA表达量。结论牛磺酸治疗可抑制游泳大鼠心肌肥厚的发生,作用机制与其调节心肌组织局部AngⅡ和TGF-β1产生有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.