应用激光显微分离技术在骨肉瘤组织原位筛选噬菌体肽库

目的：将激光显微分离（laser capture microdissection，LCM）技术应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库的筛选过程，建立一种可以直接在天然组织中筛选肽库的方法。方法：将新鲜人骨肉瘤组织块在噬菌体肽库溶液振荡孵育后制成组织冰冻切片，免疫组化染色检测噬菌体在组织中的浸润扩散。改进常规LCM切片处理方法，以冻干法替代酒精/二甲苯法脱水，以期在LCM操作过程中提高切片上噬菌体的存活率。LCM法分离摄取骨肉瘤切片上的肿瘤靶细胞，转染回收这些细胞上特异结合的噬菌体。滴定法检测所筛选的噬菌体对特异性细胞的亲和力。结果：利用LCM技术，可以由肿瘤冰冻切片上收集到足够的与特异性噬菌体短肽，应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库筛选。经过3轮筛选后所获得的噬菌体与人骨肉瘤组织的特异性亲和力提高16倍。结论：本研究首次将LCM技术应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库的筛选，可以使我们直接在新鲜人肿瘤组织中筛选与特定细胞群甚至单个细胞亲合的短肽；同时又避免了天然组织中其他杂质细胞的污染，为研制细胞特异性导向载体提供了一个新的途径。     

骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合短肽的筛选

目的获得与骨肉瘤细胞株os-732特异结合的短肽,作为骨肉瘤靶向治疗的先导化合物。方法以骨肉瘤细胞os-732为靶细胞,成骨细胞为吸附细胞对噬菌体12肽库进行差减筛选,用细胞ELISA、免疫组化鉴定阳性噬菌体克隆并测序。结果经三轮筛选,从随机挑选的20个噬菌体克隆中得到9个能特异性与骨肉瘤细胞os-732结合,而不与正常成骨细胞结合的阳性克隆。但其氨基酸序列无同源性。结论得到多个序列不同的特异性结合骨肉瘤的噬菌体克隆,提示骨肉瘤细胞表面结构复杂,具多个骨肉瘤抗原表位。本实验获得的短肽具有一定的亲合力和肿瘤特异性,为针对不同位点的靶向药物设计提供了实验依据。     

骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合短肽的筛选

目的：获得与骨肉瘤细胞株os-732特异结合的短肽，作为骨肉瘤靶向治疗的先导化合物。方法：以骨肉瘤细胞os-732为靶细胞，成骨细胞为吸附细胞对噬菌体12肽库进行差减筛选，用细胞ELISA、免疫组化鉴定阳性噬菌体克隆并测序。结果：经三轮筛选，从随机挑选的20个噬菌体克隆中得到9个特异性与骨肉瘤细胞os-732结合，而不与正常成骨细胞结合的阳性克隆。但其氨基酸序列无同源性。结论：得到多个序列不同的特异性结合骨肉瘤的噬菌体克隆，提示骨肉瘤细胞表面结构复杂，具多个骨肉瘤抗原表位。本实验获得的短肽具有一定的亲合力和肿瘤特异性，为针对不同位点的靶向药物设计提供了实验依据。     

人骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合肽的筛选及验证

目的获得人骨肉瘤细胞MG63特异性结合肽,为骨肉瘤靶向治疗奠定基础。方法应用噬菌体展示技术,以人骨肉瘤细胞作为靶细胞,293T细胞为差减细胞,筛选获得MG-63细胞特异性结合肽。酶联免疫法进行靶向性验证。应用荧光染色技术初步探讨短肽细胞受体位置。制作人骨肉瘤模型,尾静脉注射目标噬菌体,免疫组化检测其靶向性。结果经过四轮一步有机相离心分离方法,获得了与骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合的短肽,并测序获得其中出现次数最多的序列SLTNLSK,靶向验证结果显示该短肽有较强的特异性。结论应用噬菌体展示技术,获得了与人骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合的短肽,序列为SLTNLSK,并验证了其靶向性。可以作为骨肉瘤靶向治疗的导向性化合物。     

肿瘤干细胞表面标记物CD133高亲和结合肽的筛选

目曲:应用噬菌体肽库技术筛选肿瘤干细胞表面标记物CD133特异性结合短肽,为干细胞研究、肿瘤治疗及抗肿瘤转移研究提供新的技术和工具.方法:利用链霉亲和素与生物素的高度亲和力,以生物素标记的鼠CD133细胞外段(bio-CD133)为靶,对噬菌体七肽库进行液相筛选,应用夹心ELISA选择出结合较强的克隆,提取DNA并测序,通过竞争性阻断实验验证其特异性.结果:通过三轮体外液相筛选,得到结合能力较强的高亲和结合肽,5条完全一致的重复序列为APSPMIW和3条完全一致的重复序列为LQNAPRS,竞争性阻断实验证实其特异性较强.结论:利用噬菌体肽库技术成功地筛选出具有较高亲和力和特异性的CD133结合肽,表明以生物素标记的小分子多肽为靶筛选结合肽的技术具有可行性.     

靶向肿瘤干细胞标记CD133特异性结合肽的筛选和初步鉴定

摘要：目的筛选可与人肿瘤干细胞表面标记物CD133特异性结合的短肽并进行初步鉴定。方法首先合成人肿瘤干细胞
表面标记物CD133 细胞外片段的生物素化蛋白,以此为靶,利用噬菌体肽库技术,高通量液相淘选CD133 的特异性短
肽。应用夹心EL ISA选择出结合较强的克隆。提取DNA测序,通过竞争性阻断实验验证其特异性,根据噬菌体基因序
列推导出多肽序列。通过免疫荧光技术初步验证合成多肽和人大肠癌细胞的结合情况。结果4 轮液相筛选后,与
CD133特异性结合的噬菌体得到有效富集,第4轮与第1轮相比,富集了388倍。经ELISA 鉴定的20个噬菌体单克隆中,
有13个与CD133有较高亲和力,具有阳性意义。经比对得到11条完全一致的氨基酸序列TISWPPR,2条完全一致的氨
基酸序列STTKLAL,竞争性阻断ELISA实验表明第一条特异性较强。结论成功利用噬菌体肽库技术,淘选出1条可和
人CD133特异性结合的高亲和力短肽,为后续CD133的研究奠定了基础,表明从噬菌体肽库中液相淘选生物素化小分子
的高亲和力多肽的方法切实可行。     

人骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合肽的筛选及验证

摘要：目的获得人骨肉瘤细胞MG63特异性结合肽,为骨肉瘤靶向治疗奠定基础。方法应用噬菌体展示技术,以人骨肉瘤细
胞作为靶细胞,293T细胞为差减细胞,筛选获得MG-63细胞特异性结合肽。酶联免疫法进行靶向性验证。应用荧光染色技术
初步探讨短肽细胞受体位置。制作人骨肉瘤模型,尾静脉注射目标噬菌体,免疫组化检测其靶向性。结果经过四轮一步有机
相离心分离方法,获得了与骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合的短肽,并测序获得其中出现次数最多的序列SLTNLSK,靶向验证结果显示
该短肽有较强的特异性。结论应用噬菌体展示技术,获得了与人骨肉瘤细胞特异性结合的短肽,序列为SLTNLSK,并验证了
其靶向性。可以作为骨肉瘤靶向治疗的导向性化合物。
     

卵巢癌细胞表面特异性结合肽的筛选及鉴定

目的利用噬菌体展示技术筛选卵巢癌细胞HO-8910表面特异性结合肽。方法利用噬菌体展示技术筛选卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910,经过3轮生物淘洗,随机挑选21个噬菌体单克隆进行ELISA试验,挑选亲和力高的17个噬菌体进行DNA序列测定,随后利用噬菌体结合实验、免疫细胞染色、免疫荧光染色、竞争抑制等实验鉴定阳性噬菌体的特异性。结果展示短肽MRMTIIN的噬菌体克隆对HO-8910细胞株有较高的亲和力和特异性。结论噬菌体展示技术筛选的短肽MRMTIIN可为上皮性卵巢癌的早期诊断提供新的思路。     

从噬菌体肽库中筛选并鉴定CD13特异性结合肽

目的 筛选并鉴定可和单核细胞表面CD13分子特异性结合的特异性短肽.方法 以CD13为靶分子,用噬菌体展示十二肽库进行筛选,通过亲和富集法筛选表达有特异性结合肽的噬菌体,ELISA鉴定所挑选噬菌体和CD13的亲和力,根据噬菌体基因序列推导出多肽序列.对筛选到的并经比对分析认为有生物学特性的多肽进行人工合成,通过免疫荧光技术检测多肽和THP-1细胞的结合情况、位置及WM15对多肽和细胞结合的阻断作用.结果 经过四轮筛选,与CD13特异性结合的噬菌体得到有效富集并最终接近饱和状态.第4轮筛选后回收率与第1轮相比,富集了30倍.挑取的20个噬菌体单克隆中,经ELISA鉴定有10个和CD13的亲和力较高,有阳性意义.经比对得到2个有生物学功能的多肽序列P9、P7,它们分别和人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)UL38、UL105基因编码的相应氨基酸序列有83%、100%相似性.免疫荧光检测可见多肽P9、P7和THP-1细胞的结合位于细胞膜表面.WM15可以不同程度的阻断多肽和细胞的结合.结论 成功筛选出了2条可和CD13特异性结合的短肽P9、P7,而且P9、P7可以和THP-1细胞膜表面的CD13分子特异性结合.     

噬菌体肽库技术筛选肿瘤靶向短肽的研究进展

噬菌体展示技术是一项特殊的基因重组表达技术,亦是一种强大的筛选工具。1985年,Smith等成功地创立了噬菌体展示技术;1990年,Scott等在噬菌体展示技术的基础上发展并构建了噬菌体展示随机肽库。噬菌体肽库技术是一种新兴的药物发现工具［1］,通过噬菌体随机肽库筛选获得的肽可以作为分子载体运载药物,起到生物导弹的功能。筛选的肽也可以直接与药物靶点分子特异性结合,起到生物治疗的作用。近年来,噬菌体肽库技术已广泛应用于肿瘤研究,如癌症的检测和诊断、肿瘤相关抗原的筛选、肿瘤药物的研制、肿瘤细胞信号转导及肿瘤的基因治疗研究等。现就近年来噬菌体展示肽库技术在筛选肿瘤靶向短肽研究中的应用综述如下。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.