青春期性知识来源的调查分析

目的通过调查学生青春期性知识的来源,了解学生获得性知识的途径,配合学校更好地开展青春期性教育。方法随机抽取高级护理专业、临床医疗专业大专班学生,就青春期性知识来源进行问卷调查。结果学生主要通过医学书籍、杂志、网络获得青春期性知识,通过父母、教师获得性知识的分别占22．01％和38．76％。为此,学校开展青春期性教育是十分必要的。     

青春期性心理反应及艾滋病传播途径的调查

当前在青少年中开展青春期性教育的重要性已日益引起重视。为大学、中专学生开设性健康教育课已成为一种趋势。在我国性禁忌观念历史悠久，也十分普遍。“男女授受不亲”作为男女行为规范、道德规范已渗透到全民族的深层意识中，也已根深蒂固。这种传统的、狭隘的和片面形成的两性关系给青少年的心理发展造成了巨大障碍，甚至造成青少年性格偏颇。为此，对青少年加强青春期性教育迫在眉睫。现将青春期学生对性教育的态度、性心理反应及艾滋病（AIDS）传播途径知识调查分析如下。     

宜宾市2816名中学生性生理、心理调查的现状与对策

为了解和掌握宜宾市中学生青春期性生理、心理状况，为学校有的放矢地进行青春期性教育提供依据，我们于2002年秋对宜宾市2816名中学生进行了首次青春期性生理、心理状况调查。     

中职学生性知识、性行为及性教育现况调查

目的 了解中职学生的性知识、性态度及性行为现况以及对性教育和性保健的期望，为今后学校开展更科学、更有针对性和富有成效的性健康教育提供客观依据。方法 采用现场匿名问卷调查方式，根据年级、班别分组对1513名学生进行性知识来源、婚前性行为、对手淫自慰的看法、对性教育及性保健的期望等方面的调查，调查结果均用多组比较卡方检验。结果 中职学生性知识缺乏，了解性知识途径局限，且以电影、电视、网络为主要途径；手淫和性行为都有较高的发生率，男女生比较有显著性差异；希望学校正规开设性教育课程及开展青春期心理咨询。结论 中职学生青春期性知识教育、性健康教育和性道德教育刻不容缓，应引起有关部门和学校领导的重视。     

深圳市小学生家庭性教育现状调查

性教育是当前中小学教育的棘手问题,也是难点问题.小学阶段的儿童从儿童期逐渐走向青春期,是儿童心理发展的一个重要转折时期,在青春期到来之前开展科学、合理的性教育,能够为青春期性教育奠定良好的基础.家庭性教育是在家庭这个背景下对孩子进行的有关性别角色、性知识、性道德等内容的教育活动[1].     

中职卫校开展性教育工作需关注的问题

中职卫校开展性教育工作时,教师首先要树立正确的性教育观,要理解、尊重学生,学校要重视对学生进行性伦理道德教育和青春期异性交往教育。学校、家庭和社会要共同关注学生性教育问题。     

青少年性教育状况调查分析

目的 了解青少年性教育方面的现状以探讨可采取的干预措施。方法 采用问卷调查的方式，根据性别分组对523名12～19岁的青少年有关性知识来源、各类人员提供性知识的有用程度和父母解答各种性问题状况等多方面进行调查，调查结果均用多组比较卡方检验。结果 目前性教育状况不能使青少年获得完整的青春期性知识，家庭、社会和学校均不能满足青少年性生理和性心理医疗保健的需求。结论 医务人员在青少年性教育方面可起积极和辅助作用。青春期性教育内容、形式及干预措施可能是今后的一项新课题。     

浅谈青少年性教育的形式

青春期是人的一生不可忽略的重要阶段，这个时期，人的心理、生理和形态等方面发生了激烈和巨大的变化，尤其是性器官的发育更为突出。随着人类历史的发展和社会的进步，适时地对青少年开展性生理、性心理卫生、性道德及性法制教育，已成为当前家庭、学校和社会所面临的一个迫切问题。青少年的性教育形式归纳为三大方面：首先是强调性教育的重要性；其次是明确工作的职责；最后是探讨性教育的课程设计及形式。     

江门市女学生性知识调查

目的了解江门市女学生性知识掌握程度，为今后有针对性地开展性教育提供客观依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法，在2003年4月--2004年6月，对本市部分学校女学生进行青春期生理、心理、性知识掌握程度的调查，所有资料均用SPSS10．0统计软件进行分析。结果大部分女学生对青春期发育的性知识有所了解，但有待提高。女生性知识来源最多的是书刊，其次是教师等多种渠道；学校开设生理课的女生，与学校未开设生理课的女生性知识平均得分比较，差异有统计学意义。结论学校性健康教育急待加强，尽快把性教育纳入到中小学健康教育计划中。     

浅谈中职生性教育在生殖系统教学中的渗透

处于青春期的中职生身体机能逐步发育成熟,性意识的萌芽使其对性产生好奇,渴望了解性知识。目前我国大部分学校没有开展正式的性教育,或缺少专业的性教育教师,导致学生性知识贫乏,缺乏自我保护意识。如何在日常教学活动中做好中职生性教育工作,使中职生正确科学地了解自己、善待自己、爱护自己,是中职卫生学校教师义不容辞的责任。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.