经内镜黏膜下剥离术在消化道早期肿瘤治疗中的应用

目的探讨经内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗消化道早期肿瘤的临床效果。方法选取郑州市第三人民医院2012年9月至2014年3月收治的消化道肿瘤患者35例,采用经内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗,观察治疗效果和并发症发生情况。结果 33例患者均成功完成ESD手术,平均病变直径(1.5±0.3)cm,平均手术时间(44.7±7.5)min,平均住院时间(2.4±0.3)d;术后均完全愈合,无复发或病变残留,并发症少。结论经内镜黏膜下剥离术是一种有效的消化道肿瘤治疗方法,能降低术后病灶残留和复发率,且安全性高,值得推广应用。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管肿瘤的临床价值

目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)在食管肿瘤治疗中的价值.方法 利用染色内镜及超声内镜探测病变范围及侵犯深度,对位于黏膜层及黏膜肌层的早期癌、癌前病变、黏膜下肿瘤等病变行ESD治疗.于病灶边缘2 mm处用氩气刀标记切除范围,于病灶及周围黏膜下注射甘油果糖使病变与固有肌层相分离;沿标记线外侧切开病变周围黏膜;剥离病变下方黏膜下层组织,完整切除病变.结果 21例病灶,最大直径均大于2 cm,病灶最大者直径5 cm.8例早期食管黏膜内癌,5例食管黏膜中、重度异型增生及8例食管平滑肌瘤经ESD-次性完全切除.ESD手术时间30～180 min,平均110 min;术中少量出血均经电凝止血;术后无迟发性出血发生;1例早期食管癌术中发生穿孔(4.76%),经内镜金属夹封闭、内科保守治疗后痊愈.术后随访1～12个月无复发.结论 在超声内镜及色素内镜的指导下,采用内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管黏膜内癌、癌前病变及黏膜肌层的肿瘤,是一项安全有效的内镜治疗方法.     

腹腔镜辅助在内镜黏膜下剥离术中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜在早期开展内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)中的作用及评价。方法 23例经消化内镜检查发现的胃及十二指肠球部黏膜下病灶作为研究入选对象。按腹腔镜术前常规准备,在腹腔镜监视下,行ESD。内镜操作步骤包括:氩气刀标记病灶、病灶黏膜下注射、预切开病灶周围黏膜一圈、自病灶黏膜下层完整剥离病灶,术后病变送检,随访患者。ESD失败者改由腹腔镜治疗。结果 23例黏膜下病灶,直径在0.4～3.5cm,平均直径1.3cm,手术时间35～95min,平均时间61min。19例内镜完整剥离黏膜下病灶中,4例出现穿孔,3例经内镜下钛夹缝合成功,1例经腹腔镜缝合治疗。4例内镜剥离失败者改由腹腔镜下切除。结论 ESD操作难度大,易出现出血、穿孔等并发症,在腹腔镜辅助下,行ESD是安全、可行的,而且有助于ESD的发展成熟。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管黏膜病变

目的:探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)治疗食管黏膜病变的应用价值。方法:Lugol′s碘染色确定病灶边界,内镜黏膜下剥离术完整剥离病灶并送检。切除成功率、手术时间、手术即刻及短期并发症及其发生率等纳入统计。结果:32例共33处食管黏膜病变接受治疗,30例共31处病变成功完成ESD治疗,ESD成功率93.9%(31/33)。2例患者病灶局部黏膜下注射后抬举不良且难以剥离转行手术治疗。ESD手术时间(自开始标记至完整剥离病变)55～125 min(平均85 min)。所有患者治疗过程中均有少量出血;2例食管黏膜内肿瘤剥离过程中出现皮下气肿,保守治疗成功,ESD穿孔发生率6.3%(2/32)。1例食管黏膜内癌合并皮肌炎的患者术后发生创面感染,术后第3天出现发热胸痛,抗感染治疗后6天恢复正常。成功实施ESD手术的30例患者平均住院8天,人均住院费用1.45万元人民币,术后每月随访1次,随访期3个月,创面基本愈合,无1例病变残留和复发。3例术后创面超过食管2/3周的患者,术后1个月就发生食管狭窄,经过平均2次球囊扩张后狭窄缓解。结论:ESD是治疗食管黏膜病...     

内镜黏膜下剥离术诊治消化道病变的临床研究

目的探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)诊治消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变的疗效和安全性。方法应用内镜黏膜下剥离术诊治消化道病变68例,对病例的大块切除率、病理符合率、并发症发生率、复发率等进行评估。结果 68例患者切除病灶共69处,40处(58.0%)完整大块切除,64处(92.8%)在内镜下完全切除。23例术前曾行病理活检,13例(56.5%)术前病理与术后病理吻合,10例(43.5%)切除后大体标本送检明确病变性质。发生术后出血3例(4.4%);术中穿孔1例(1.5%),立即钛夹封闭后接受外科手术治疗。平均随访5.7个月,随访率34.8%(23/66),1例直肠腺瘤在随访的第14个月复发。结论 ESD是治疗消化道病变的一项有效的内镜微创技术,可完整大块切除较大的病灶,提高病变确诊率,而术后钛夹夹闭创面未能明显降低术后出血的发生率。     

内镜下黏膜剥离术治疗黏膜下隆起性病变的价值

目的:探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(endos copic submucosal dissection,ESD)治疗消化道黏膜下隆起性病变的疗效和安全性。方法:对内镜发现的15例消化道黏膜下肿物进行超声内镜检查(15例病变均位于黏膜下层),应用TT刀、HOOK刀、IT刀等工具进行内镜黏膜剥离术(ESD)治疗。先用1∶10000肾上腺素加美蓝在黏膜下注射抬高病变,使病变与肌层相分离。预切开病变周围黏膜,剥离病变下方黏膜下层结缔组织,再对肿瘤进行钝性分离,完整切除病变。结果:病变最大直径为6~18mm,平均8mm,15例均成功完成ESD治疗,手术时间26~61min(平均41min)。所有ESD剥离病变包膜完整,基底和切缘未见病变累及。本组ESD病例未见术后出血、穿孔等并发症。结论:ESD治疗消化道黏膜下隆起性病变安全、有效,可以完整切除消化道黏膜下病变,提供完整的病理诊断资料。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗上消化道肿瘤性病变疗效分析

目的观察内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗上消化道肿瘤性病变的疗效和安全性。方法共入组41例患者,男性19例,女性22例,术前行超声内镜检查确认病灶深度并排除手术禁忌,术中采用气管插管下全身静脉麻醉,并按标记、注射、切开、剥离的顺序操作,术后病理送检,并予抑酸、止血、预防感染等治疗,术后1、3个月随访胃镜。结果所有患者的上消化道肿瘤性病变均一次性切除成功,病灶边缘及基底病理阴性,其中1例术中穿孔并转腹腔镜修补,所有创面愈合良好,均无术后出血、穿孔、消化道狭窄等并发症发生。病灶平均长径约(1.17±0.66)cm,手术平均时间45 min。术后病理提示:黏膜内腺癌1例,平滑肌瘤16例,间质瘤4例,绒毛管状腺瘤伴低级别上皮内瘤变1例,管状腺瘤伴低级别上皮内瘤变1例,高级别上皮内瘤变2例,低级别上皮内瘤变1例,异位胰腺2例,增生性息肉13例。结论内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗上消化道肿瘤性病变安全有效,可以一次性完整切除消化道肿瘤性病变,提供完整的病理诊断资料。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道早期肿瘤的临床效果

目的:观察内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道早期肿瘤的临床效果。方法:选取100例消化道早期肿瘤患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为两组,对照组采用内镜黏膜切除术治疗,观察组采用内镜黏膜剥离术治疗,对比两组病灶切除情况、手术时间、并发症发生情况。结果:观察组治愈性切除率为82.0%,高于对照组的48.0%,整块切除率为92.0%,高于对照组的46.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组手术时间为(45.9±12.8)min,长于对照组的(35.2±9.8)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为6.0%,对照组为8.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:消化道早期肿瘤患者采用内镜黏膜剥离术治疗的效果优于内镜黏膜切除术。     

25例内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变的护理

正内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)是近年来由内镜黏膜切除术(EMR)基础上发展而来的治疗消化道早期癌的最新技术。与EMR相比,ESD能整块切除病灶,可以提供完整病理标本,残癌复发率低的优点[1-2],而且其方法简单、创伤性小、患者痛苦轻、并发症少、住院时间短、疗效与外科手术相当[3]。本院自2009年始实施ESD手术治疗消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变,至今共完成治疗25例,现将护理体会报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料:25例患者,男16例,女9例,年龄34~72岁,平均61.4岁。所有病例术前均行染色内镜和超声内镜检查,确定病变范围和     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道肿瘤的疗效及安全性观察

目的:探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术对消化道肿瘤患者的治疗效果以及手术安全性。方法:回顾性分析2015年7月—2018年4月在我院治疗的82消化道肿瘤(早期)患者的临床资料,依据手术方法的不同分为对照组(内镜下黏膜切除术,41例)与观察组(内镜黏膜下剥离术,41例),比较两组手术切除情况、复发情况以及手术安全性。结果:观察组完全切除率与整块切除率均高于对照组,复发率、术后并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:消化道肿瘤患者经内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗后,病灶切除效果明显,且安全性较高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.