刺糖多糖的分离纯化与基础结构分析

目的分离纯化刺糖多糖,并对刺糖多糖的结构进行基础性分析。方法采用水提醇沉法提取刺糖多糖,联合使用大孔吸附树脂、纤维素和葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱对刺糖多糖进行分离纯化,采用凝胶过滤法测定其纯度和相对分子量,气相色谱法分析其单糖组成,对含量较高的刺糖多糖组分进行部分酸水解、高碘酸氧化和Smith降解分析。结果经分离纯化得到11个精制多糖组分,相对分子量为2～10kDa,单糖组成多为鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。AP1-3的主链单糖残基为鼠李糖、甘露糖和半乳糖,末端残基和分支单糖残基为葡萄糖;AP2-3的主链单糖残基为鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖,末端残基和分支单糖残基为鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖和甘露糖。结论采取的分离纯化方法切实可行。经结构分析可知刺糖多糖各组分多为有分枝的杂多糖。     

苯酚-硫酸光度法测定细脚拟青霉多糖的含量

目的:测定细脚拟青霉中多糖的含量.方法:应用苯酚-硫酸光度法测定细脚拟青霉总多糖制品中的糖含量.结果:测定波长为490 nm,在20～200 mg·L-1范围内糖含量与吸光度有良好的线性关系,回归方程为:A=0.007572C 0.06012,r=0.9994.平均回收率为(97.9±1.69)%,RSD=2.70%.测得细脚拟青霉总多糖制品中糖含量为76.10%(n=5).结论:该法操作简便、可靠,样品显色稳定,重现性好,可用于细脚拟青霉多糖含量的测定.     

细脚拟青霉总多糖对人单核细胞激活的实验研究

目的：探讨细脚拟青霉总多糖对人单核细胞免疫功能的调节作用。方法：用0．125、0．250和0．500mg/ml三种不同浓度的细胞拟青霉总多糖在37℃体外培养人血单核细胞24h后，用全自动生化分别仪测定其中乳酸脱氢酶与酸性磷酸酶活性，并进行中性红吞噬试验。结果：细脚拟青霉总多糖使人血单核细胞内乳酸脱氢酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性均升高（P＜0．001或P＜0．01),对中性红摄取能力也起增强作用（P＜0．01或P＜0．001），且对体外培养人血单核细胞的调节作用具有剂量效应。结论：细脚拟青霉总多糖对体外培养的人血单核细胞具有激活作用，能增强人血单核细胞的免疫能力。     

细脚拟青霉多糖PTPS-1的结构特征和抗肿瘤活性的初步研究

目的分析鉴定细脚拟青霉多糖PTPS-1的理化性质和结构特征,并观察其抗肿瘤活性。方法采用DEAE-纤维素及Sephadex G-100柱色谱分离纯化得到PTPS-1;利用HPLC、GC、IR、部分酸水解及NMR分析PTPS-1的相对分子质量、组成和结构特征;采用CCK-8检测观察PTPS-1对小鼠脾细胞和PTPS-1刺激培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞上清对Sp2/0细胞的增殖活性。结果PTPS-1的纯度为98.977%,平均相对分子质量为1.84×104,由甘露糖和半乳糖组成,二者摩尔比为1.3∶1,糖链结构中主链含有α-(1→6)、α-(1→2)和β-(1→3)连接的糖苷键,支链含有Gal-(1→3)连接。PTPS-1可明显促进小鼠脾细胞的增殖(P<0.01),PTPS-1刺激培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞上清能抑制Sp2/0细胞的增殖(P<0.01)。结论PTPS-1是从细脚拟青霉中分离出的具有免疫调节和抗肿瘤活性的中性杂多糖。     

雪茶多糖的提取分离及组成研究

目的研究雪茶Usnea fuscoruben Mot多糖的提取、纯化和单糖的组成成分。方法雪茶全株经氯仿抽提、热水浸提、乙醇沉淀、乙醇分级沉淀、Sevag法除蛋白质、透析、再乙醇沉淀得粗多糖。经大孔吸附树脂纯化后,冷冻干燥得纯化雪茶多糖。运用气相色谱测定雪茶多糖的单糖组分。结果雪茶原料(多糖含量为6.54%),经过此方法得精制雪茶多糖(多糖含量为86.84%),其单糖组成为鼠李糖、半乳糖。结论该方法适用于雪茶多糖的提取。     

党参多糖的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

目的：分离纯化党参总多糖并分析单糖组成及其摩尔比。方法：以高效凝胶渗透色谱法检测分离纯化后的党参多糖的分子量;分子量均一的党参多糖经三氟醋酸水解,糖腈乙酰酯衍生化后,利用GC—MS法分析单糖组成,相对校正因子法测定单糖的摩尔比。结果：分离得到5种党参多糖,其中CPS’-3分子量为1．15×105．纯度用面积归一化法计算达到96．43％,由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖组成,其摩尔比为1．5：2．7：4．6;CPS’-4分子量在200万以上,纯度用面积归一化法计算达到99．01％,由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖组成,其摩尔比为1．3：0．9：2．6,均为新发现的党参多糖。结论：党参的2种多糖均由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖构成,气相-质谱联用技术能够有效地分析党参中的糖类成分。     

苦瓜多糖的纯化、结构解析及其免疫调节和抗肿瘤活性研究

目的?提取并纯化苦瓜多糖,对其结构特征进行解析并研究其免疫调节和抗肿瘤活性。方法?热水提取苦瓜多糖,透析后纤维素阴离子交换色谱和凝胶过滤层析纯化得到多糖产物。利用高效凝胶渗透色谱法测定多糖分子量,并采用FT-IR和NMR法对其局部结构特征进行解析。利用细胞分子生物学技术和药理学等手段测定苦瓜多糖的免疫调节作用和抗肿瘤活性。结果?分离纯化获得分子量为745 kDa的杂多糖MCP-2,测定其单糖组成为鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、木糖和阿拉伯糖,对应的摩尔比为1.19∶15.97∶3.40∶0.73∶0.94。此外,还发现MCP-2能够促进正常小鼠淋巴细胞增殖,提高巨噬细胞RAW264.7中炎症因子NO、IL-1β和TNF-α的表达量。MCP-2还具有体内抑制S180肿瘤细胞的活性。结论?本研究表明MCP-2具有显著的免疫增强和肿瘤抑制的活性。      

苦瓜多糖的纯化、结构解析及其免疫调节和抗肿瘤活性研究（英文）

目的提取并纯化苦瓜多糖,对其结构特征进行解析并研究其免疫调节和抗肿瘤活性。方法热水提取苦瓜多糖,透析后纤维素阴离子交换色谱和凝胶过滤层析纯化得到多糖产物。利用高效凝胶渗透色谱法测定多糖分子量,并采用FT-IR和NMR法对其局部结构特征进行解析。利用细胞分子生物学技术和药理学等手段测定苦瓜多糖的免疫调节作用和抗肿瘤活性。结果分离纯化获得分子量为745kDa的杂多糖MCP-2,测定其单糖组成为鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、木糖和阿拉伯糖,对应的摩尔比为1.19∶15.97∶3.40∶0.73∶0.94。此外,还发现MCP-2能够促进正常小鼠淋巴细胞增殖,提高巨噬细胞RAW264.7中炎症因子NO、IL-1β和TNF-α的表达量。MCP-2还具有体内抑制S180肿瘤细胞的活性。结论本研究表明MCP-2具有显著的免疫增强和肿瘤抑制的活性。     

喀什木纳格葡萄树伤流液多糖的分离纯化及其单糖组成分析

目的研究分析喀什木纳格葡萄树伤流液中多糖的分离纯化及其单糖组成成分。方法采用醇沉法提取多糖,Sevage法脱蛋白,经DEAE-52纤维素及SephedexG-150凝胶柱分离纯化,采用气相色谱分析法测定单糖组成。结果80％乙醇沉淀、Sevage法除蛋白得粗多糖;葡萄树伤流液粗多糖经过DEAE52分离纯化分别得到GBSK-1、GBSK-2、GBSK-3、GBSK-4、GBSK-5、GBSK-6、GBSK-7和GBSK-8共8个多糖组分。其中4个多糖组分经过SephadexG-150纯化后,其洗脱峰均为单峰;通过GC分析得出GBSK-3的单糖组成较简单,主要由木糖组成;多糖GBSK-2、GBSK-5的单糖组成相似,主要由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成;多糖GBSK-1的单糖组成主要南鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成。结论该方法较好地分离纯化葡萄树伤流液多糖。GC分析适用于多糖中的单糖组成分析,为葡萄树伤流液的开发和利用提供了科学依据。     

细脚拟青霉药理及毒理学研究进展

细脚拟青霉是我国重要的虫生药用真菌,因其具有多种药理活性而受到很多学者的广泛关注.文献报道表明,细脚拟青霉具有降血糖、抗抑郁、抗肿瘤、抑菌、免疫调节等多种药理活性.毒理学研究表明,长期服用细脚拟青霉提取物对于肝脏和肾脏有一定损伤,且具有一定致突变性.本文归纳总结细脚拟青霉的药理及毒性表现方面的研究报道,以期为该菌的进一步研究开发提供一些参考.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.