控制肺心病急性加重期糖代谢异常与患者预后的关系

目的:探讨用胰岛素控制肺心病患者急性加重期糖代谢异常与预后的关系。方法:对2004年6月~2007年6月住院治疗的肺心病急性加重期患者162例进行空腹血糖监测,发现非糖尿病性急性高血糖患者101例,血糖正常61例。非糖尿病性急性高血糖患者随机分为胰岛素干预组50例及对照组51例,收集患者基本信息、血糖检测结果、平均住院日数、住院期间死亡率等。结果:平均住院日持续性高血糖干预组为17±10 d,对照组24±12 d,差异有统计学意义(P=0.01)。正常血糖组为16±11 d,干预组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.35)。住院期间死亡率正常血糖组为21.3%,持续性高血糖对照组为33.3%,干预组为18.0%。高血糖干预组与对照组比较住院期间死亡率差异具有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论:肺心病患者糖代谢异常发生率高,积极控制患者血糖能改善患者的预后。     

血糖升高对慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期近期预后的分析

目的:分析与研究血糖升高对慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期近期预后的造成的影响。方法:将75例AECOPD患者根据血糖水平分为血糖升高组(30例)和血糖正常组(45例)。对2组患者痰培养阳性率、病死率及住院时间等进行比较。结果:2组痰菌培养阳性率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。血糖升高组住院时间为(18.7±2.1)d,病死率为13.3%(4/30);血糖正常组住院时间及病死率分别为(12.2±2.0)d及4.4%(2/45),2组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:高血糖水平会对AECOPD患者的预后产生不利影响。只有对AECOPD患者新发的高血糖水平进行严格控制,才能确保患者的预后。     

Influence of hyperglycemia on the prognosis of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的 探讨高血糖对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性加重期预后的影响.方法 收集2009年1月至2010年2月于我院住院治疗的COPD急性加重期患者75例,根据患者入院时空腹血糖或随机血糖测定结果,分成高血糖组42例,血糖正常组33例,比较两组患者一般临床资料、住院期间的并发症发生和病死情况.结果 高血糖组中高血脂、PaCO2＜60mmHg及PaCO2＞50 mmHg的病例数明显多于血糖正常组(P＜0.05).高血糖组患者肺心病、呼吸衰竭、肾功能不全、肺功能异常及心力衰竭的发生率均明显高于血糖正常组(P＜0.05),住院天数明显长于血糖正常组(P＜0.05),住院期间病死率也明显高于血糖正常组(P＜0.05).结论 高血糖对AECOPD患者的预后存在明显的不利影响.     

血糖升高对慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期近期预后的分析

目的：分析与研究血糖升高对慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期近期预后的造成的影响。方法：将75例AECOPD患者根据血糖水平分为血糖升高组（30例）和血糖正常组（45例）。对2组患者痰培养阳性率、病死率及住院时间等进行比较。结果：2组痰菌培养阳性率存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。血糖升高组住院时间为（18．7±2．1）d ，病死率为13．3％（4／30）；血糖正常组住院时间及病死率分别为（12．2±2．0）d 及4．4％（2／45），2组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0．01）。结论：高血糖水平会对AECOPD患者的预后产生不利影响。只有对AECOPD患者新发的高血糖水平进行严格控制，才能确保患者的预后。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并高血糖患者强化血糖控制的护理

目的研究护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并高血糖患者强化血糖控制中的意义。方法采用同期、平行、随机对照试验的方法对研究对象的疗效进行分析。结果经治疗和有效的护理后实验组治疗有效率为86.5%,高于对照组62.5%,差异有统计学意义,P〈0.05。实验组的平均住院天数（12.1±4.7）d,明显短于对照组（16.3±13.3）d,差异有统计学意义,P〈0.05。实验组病死率为4.1%,对照组病死率为7.5%,两组病死率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论合理的护理措施和强化血糖控制能提高患者的治疗有效率。     

参麦注射液对慢性肺源性心脏病96例疗效观察

目的观察参麦注射液在慢性肺源性心脏病患者治疗中的疗效.方法将慢性肺源性心脏病患者96例分成观察组48例和对照组48例,对照组给予西医综合治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用参麦注射液静滴治疗,2周为一个疗程,两个疗程后比较两组临床疗效、不良反应及住院时间.结果观察组总有效率(85.5%)高于对照组(60.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组住院时间(14.2±2.5)天,对照组(19.5±3.8)天,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论参麦注射液能显著缓解慢性肺源性心脏病患者的临床症状,疗效肯定,且能缩短住院时间,适合临床推广.     

纳洛酮治疗慢性肺心病急性加重期疗效观察

目的 探讨和观察纳洛酮在慢性肺心病急性加重期应用的价值和效果.方法 将78例慢性肺心病急性加重期患者随机分为对照组及治疗组,两组均给予常规治疗,在此基础上,治疗组加用纳洛酮注射液,按1 μg/(kg·min)的速度持续静滴10 h,1次/d,10～14 d为一个疗程,观察治疗前后临床疗效并作血气分析.结果 治疗组总有效率为89.7%,对照组总有效率为71.8%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组治疗前后对照,PaCO2明显下降,PaO2明显上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),两组治疗后比较,治疗组PaCO2、PaO2均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 纳洛酮治疗慢性肺心病急性加重期疗效显著.     

低分子肝素联用酚妥拉明改善肺心病急性加重期患者心肺功能的研究

目的 为了提高慢性肺源性心脏病(简称肺心病)急性加重期患者心肺功能,探究低分子肝素联用酚妥拉明对于改善心肺功能的有效性.方法 选取2012年9月-2014年9月在绍兴第二医院进行治疗的慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期患者120例,分为观察组和对照组,并且入院后都进行常规治疗.观察组60例患者在常规治疗的基础上进行低分子肝素与酚妥拉明联用;对照组60例患者给予参麦注射液治疗.治疗1个疗程后分析比较2组咳嗽、气喘及肺部哕音、心功能和血气的变化情况.结果 治疗后,观察组显效26例,有效28例,无效6例,总有效率为90.0％.对照组显效14例,有效31例,无效15例,总有效率为75.0％.观察组患者疗效明显好于对照组,2组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组患者PaO2由治疗前的(56.3±8.5) mm Hg增加到(83.2 ±9.2)mm Hg,PaCO2由治疗前的(73.4±10.2)mm Hg降低到(54.2±9.4) mm Hg;对照组患者PaO2由治疗前的(56.9±8.2) mm Hg增加到(75.6±9.4)mm Hg,PaCO2由治疗前的(74.1 ±10.6)mm Hg降低到(66.8±9.3)mm Hg.由此可以看出观察组的治疗效果明显好于对照组.2组患者在治疗前后对比差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 低分子肝素与酚妥拉明联用能够有效改善慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期患者的心肺功能,并且效果良好,值得临床推广应用.     

慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期患者的护理

目的探讨慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期的观察与护理措施。方法分析78例肺源性心脏病患者的临床资料,密切观察病情,及时处理并发症,采取有效的护理措施。结果78例肺源性心脏病患者经精心的治疗和护理均好转出院,平均住院时间13 d.结论充分掌握肺源性心脏病的病理生理特征,密切观察病情,加强护理是预防并及时处理并发症,缩短病程,提高疗效,降低病死率的关键。     

高血糖对COPD急性加重期患者预后的影响

目的探讨高血糖对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性加重期预后的影响。方法收集2009年1月至2010年2月于我院住院治疗的COPD急性加重期患者75例,根据患者入院时空腹血糖或随机血糖测定结果 ,分成高血糖组42例,血糖正常组33例,比较两组患者一般临床资料、住院期间的并发症发生和病死情况。结果高血糖组中高血脂、PaCO2<60mmHg及PaCO2>50mmHg的病例数明显多于血糖正常组(P<0.05)。高血糖组患者肺心病、呼吸衰竭、肾功能不全、肺功能异常及心力衰竭的发生率均明显高于血糖正常组(P<0.05),住院天数明显长于血糖正常组(P<0.05),住院期间病死率也明显高于血糖正常组(P<0.05)。结论高血糖对AECOPD患者的预后存在明显的不利影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.