新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间对耳轮以远完全断耳再植成功一例

报道1例对耳轮以远完全离断,离体耳廓断面挫伤严重.按照新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情要求进行核酸检查和排除诊断后,在严格的防护措施下,进行断耳再植手术.术后随访2周,再植左耳廓成活良好,外形美观.     

肾离体手术在肾移植中的临床应用二例并文献复习

目的总结肾离体手术在肾移植中的临床应用经验。方法 2002年2月至4月第四军医大学西京医院泌尿外科分别行离体肾肿瘤剜除术后自体肾移植1例和离体供肾输尿管镜下钬激光碎石清石术后亲属活体肾移植1例。分析2例受者临床资料并进行文献复习。结果病例1：离体手术中肿瘤完整剜除,病理检查切缘未见癌组织,自体肾移植手术顺利;随访7个月,血清肌酐、血尿素氮水平略高于正常,无需透析,无肿瘤复发及转移。病例2：输尿管镜下可见离体供肾内两枚直径分别为8和12mm的结石,均成功取出;肾移植术中留置输尿管支架;术后未见相关并发症,随访10个月,移植肾内未见结石复发。结论肾离体手术有助于减少手术损伤,最大限度地维护患者肾脏功能,减少等待肾移植人群。正确选择适应证至关重要。     

西地那非和咯利普兰对离体人和猴海绵体肾上腺能反应机制的作用

为评估和比较两种磷酸二酯酶抑制剂西地那非和咯利普兰对于人及猴海绵体平滑肌肾上腺能收缩反应的效果,Lau LC等人进行了一项研究,研究者从性别重塑手术(变性手术)中获得人类阴茎,离体的人和猴子的海绵体被悬挂于等长张力实验所用的组织冲洗器中。观察两种药物对实验所用的离体猴子和人海绵体所起的作用以及对于人海绵体的神经原性收缩。结果显示,西地那非和咯利普兰都能诱导用去甲肾上腺素预处理过的离体人和猴海绵体产生浓度依赖性舒张。IC50值,由逆转被硝酸甘油,异丙肾上腺素对猴子海绵体的反     

根管治疗术后树脂充填联合固位纤维冠外保护对上颌第一前磨牙牙齿抗折性能的影响

目的：探讨根管治疗术后树脂充填联合固位纤维冠外保护对上颌第一前磨牙牙齿抗折性能的影响。方法：选择2018年6月-2020年8月笔者医院因正畸拔除的60颗冠根完整的上颌第一前磨牙为研究对象，将60颗离体牙样本分为对照组（3M流体树脂填充），观察组（3M流体树脂填充联合固位纤维冠外保护），采用游标卡尺测量并比较两组第一前磨牙牙体标本解剖外形各项指标（牙全长、冠长、颈部颊舌径及近远中径），采用静态加载法和循环加载法对离体牙折裂载荷及离体牙折裂模式进行测定。结果：两组离体牙体标本解剖外形各项指标比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。对照组平均折裂载荷为（627.96±91.42）N，观察组为（974.85±102.25）N，观察组折裂载荷值明显高于对照组；对照组可修复性牙折裂20颗（66.67%），观察组可修复性牙折裂27颗（90.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组中33.33%的离体牙样本表现为修复体和超过一半的牙体破坏或破坏涉及牙根，无法修补；观察组中10.00%的离体牙样本无法修补，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：3M流体树脂充填辅以固位纤维冠外保护...     

细胞内液型胶体液HBS对离体心脏的长期保存作用

探讨自制的含组氨酸、Ｂｉｍａｋａｌｉｍ的细胞内产体液对离体心脏的保存作用。方法：”健康性ＳＤ大鼠１６只，体重２４０－２６０ｇ。随机均分为两组，采用微量灌注技术，分别用ＨＢＳ和托马斯停搏液４℃保存离体鼠心２４小时，再灌注６０分钟进行比较研究。     

上臂绞轧撕脱性离断再植疗效分析

上臂绞轧撕脱性离断伤伤情严重,离断肢体两断端组织尤其是神经血管损伤严重,断端参差不齐,有时还可能会发生部分或全臂丛神经的根性撕脱,这些给离断肢体再植的成活及术后功能恢复造成了极大的影响。我科自1985年对5例上臂绞轧撕脱性离断肢体进行了再植,就其疗效作一分析。     

两种不同肝脏灌注方法对大鼠肝脏保护作用的比较

目的探讨两种不同的肝脏灌注方法对冷保存的离体大鼠肝脏保护作用的差异,为后期离体大鼠肝脏保存实验提供简单而有效的方法。方法制备两种不同的单纯冷保存的离体大鼠肝脏灌注模型,分为实验组（经门静脉和腹主动脉灌注法,10只）;对照组（经门静脉、腹主动脉及肝动脉灌注法,10只）,灌注后取出肝脏置于4℃威斯康星大学保存液保存,12h后切取肝组织。行苏木素-伊红（HE）染色,观察肝组织病理损伤情况,并且用免疫组织化学染色法检测核因子（NF）-κB（SABC法）的表达情况。结果经12h冷保存后,两组大鼠肝脏组织病理示：肝脏小叶结构紊乱,肝细胞变性、肿胀及空泡形成,肝血窦和中央静脉有不同程度的淤血,部分肝窦内皮细胞坏死并脱落,但两组之间无明显差别。两组之间NF-κB阳性表达率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论经门静脉和腹主动脉灌注法与经门静脉、腹主动脉及肝动脉灌注法,对离体大鼠肝脏的保护作用无差异,但前者操作相对简单,更容易在今后研究大鼠离体肝脏的实验中应用。     

半离体切肝术治疗肝癌

半离体切肝术治疗肝癌丁义涛，刘仁庆，吴亚夫，仇毓东，林沛春，李坡，金遵禹作者自１９８６年起进行肝原位无血切肝术的动物实验，在此基础上完成了２９例肝原位无血切肝术，经以上两阶段后，于１９９２年首次在临床上施行常温下半离体切肝术１例，获得成功。患者男性，...     

离体心脏灌注模型在心肌保护研究中的应用

离体心脏灌注模型在心肌保护研究中的应用秦斌黄杰综述姚震解士胜审校自从Ｌａｎｇｅｎｄｏｒｆ［１］首次报道用哺育动物离体心脏进行心脏机械功能研究以来，在此模型基础上的各种改良的Ｌａｎｇｅｎｄｏｒｆ模型相继出现在各种动物实验中，特别是离体工作心模型的研究成...     

右踝关节完全离断再植成活1例报告

手及手指完全离断较常见 ,而足完全离断较少见 ,本院收治一名右踝关节完全离断患者 ,行右踝关节离断再植后顺利成活 ,功能正在恢复之中。患者男 ,工人。干活时被钢丝绞断右踝关节 ,简单包扎后急诊来我院。查体 :心、肺、腹未见异常 ,右踝部平胫距关节处完全离断 ,右足离体 ,颜色苍白 ,无血运。手术经过 :右大腿上气囊止血带 ,静脉滴注肝素钠。手术分两组 ,一组对离体右足进行仔细清创、消毒 ,肝素盐水冲洗血管腔 ,显微镜下清创 ;另一组生理盐水、双氧水、新洁尔灭冲洗创面后常规消毒 ,显微镜下清创 ,找到胫前 (后 )血管、神经 ,大小隐静脉 ,…     

密切接触疑似新型冠状病毒感染患者的一例断指再植手术的处理

2019年12月以来,新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在中国武汉出现.我院在2020年1月下旬,为1例接触疑似新型冠状病毒肺炎的断指患者实行再植手术,获得成功.     

Bariatric surgery in patients with previous COVID-19 infection

BackgroundThe process of reintroducing bariatric surgery to our communities in a COVID-19 environment was particular to each country. Furthermore, no clear recommendation was made for patients with a previous COVID-19 infection and a favorable outcome who were seeking bariatric surgery.ObjectivesTo analyze the risks of specific complications for patients with previous COVID-19 infection who were admitted for bariatric surgery.SettingEight high-volume private centers from 5 countries.MethodsAll patients with morbid obesity and previous COVID-19 infection admitted for bariatric surgery were included in the current study. Patients were enrolled from 8 centers and 5 countries, and their electronic health data were reviewed retrospectively. The primary outcome was to identify early (<30 d) specific complications related to COVID-19 infection following bariatric surgery, and the secondary outcome was to analyze additional factors from work-ups that could prevent complications.ResultsThirty-five patients with a mean age of 40 years (range, 21–68 yr) and a mean body mass index of 44.3 kg/m² (±7.4 kg/m²) with previous COVID-19 infection underwent different bariatric procedures: 23 cases of sleeve (65.7 %), 7 cases of bypass, and 5 other cases. The symptomatology of the previous COVID-19 infection varied: 15 patients had no symptoms, 12 had fever and respiratory signs, 5 had only fever, 2 had digestive symptoms, and 1 had isolated respiratory signs. Only 5 patients (14.2 %) were hospitalized for COVID-19 infection, for a mean period of 8.8 days (range, 6–15 d). One patient was admitted to an intensive care unit and needed invasive mechanical ventilation. The mean interval time from COVID-19 infection to bariatric surgery was 11.3 weeks (3–34 wk). The mean hospital stay was 1.7 days (±1 d), and all patients were clinically evaluated 1 month following the bariatric procedure. There were 2 readmissions and 1 case of complication: that case was of a gastric leak treated with laparoscopic drainage and a repeated pigtail drain, with a favorable outcome. No cases of other specific complications or mortality were recorded.ConclusionMinor and moderate COVID-19 infections, especially the forms not complicated with invasive mechanical ventilation, should not preclude the indication for bariatric surgery. In our experience, a prior COVID-19 infection does not induce additional specific complications following bariatric surgery.     

显微外科预防新型冠状病毒肺炎的应急护理管理措施

目的 探讨手足显微外科在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)期间的应急护理管理方法,并评价效果. 方法 2020年1月20日至2月20日,采取应急护理管理措施:做好急诊患者的体温及肺部CT筛查,对所有在院患者及家属进行体温及指脉氧监测,高热或肺部CT异常患者的隔离与确诊,疑似及确诊患者病房的消毒与终末处理,医护人员的个人防护与培训,防护用具的规范使用与管理,病房人力资源的调配与管理,加强住院患者COVID-19的知识宣教以缓解焦虑等,确保患者及医务人员的安全.结果 本科室持续发热患者4例,2例排除COVID-19;1例确诊后转诊;1例高度疑似,已居家隔离.医护人员培训完成率100%,合格率100%.支援一线医护人员共48人,后备人员17人.疫情初期1例医生感染,应急管理措施落实之后无人感染;科室防护用具使用得当;在院患者无过激情绪反应,口罩佩戴依从性100%.结论 科室疫情期间所采取应急管理办法有效避免了院内交叉感染的发生,保障了医务人员及患者的安全,科学及时有效.     

Successful coronary artery bypass operation in a SARS-COV-2 infected patient with acute coronary syndrome

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is overwhelming healthcare resources and infrastructure worldwide. Earlier reports have demonstrated complicated postoperative courses and high fatality rates in patients undergoing emergent cardiothoracic surgery who were diagnosed postoperatively with COVID-19. These reports raise the possibility that active COVID-19 might precipitate a catastrophic pathophysiological response to infection in the postoperative period and lead to unfavorable surgical outcomes. Hence, it is imperative to screen patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection before surgery and to carefully monitor them in the postoperative period to identify any signs of active COVID-19. In this report, we present the successful outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation in a patient with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with an acute coronary syndrome and requiring urgent surgical intervention. We employed a thorough strategy to identify subclinical COVID-19 disease, and after confirming the absence of active disease, proceeded with the CABG operation. The patient outcome was successful with the absence of any overt COVID-19 manifestations in the postoperative period.     

Recent COVID-19 infection is associated with increased mortality in the ambulatory surgery population

BackgroundThe effect of COVID-19 infection on post-operative mortality and the optimal timing to perform ambulatory surgery from diagnosis date remains unclear in this population. Our study was to determine whether a history of COVID-19 diagnosis leads to a higher risk of all-cause mortality following ambulatory surgery.MethodsThis cohort constitutes retrospective data obtained from the Optum dataset containing 44,976 US adults who were tested for COVID-19 up to 6 months before surgery and underwent ambulatory surgery between March 2020 to March 2021. The primary outcome was the risk of all-cause mortality between the COVID-19 positive and negative patients grouped according to the time interval from COVID-19 testing to ambulatory surgery, called the Testing to Surgery Interval Mortality (TSIM) of up to 6 months. Secondary outcome included determining all-cause mortality (TSIM) in time intervals of 0–15 days, 16–30 days, 31–45 days, and 46–180 days in COVID-19 positive and negative patients.Results44,934 patients (4297 COVID-19 positive, 40,637 COVID-19 negative) were included in our analysis. COVID-19 positive patients undergoing ambulatory surgery had higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to COVID-19 negative patients (OR = 2.51, p < 0.001). The increased risk of mortality in COVID-19 positive patients remained high amongst patients who had surgery 0–45 days from date of COVID-19 testing. In addition, COVID-19 positive patients who underwent colonoscopy (OR = 0.21, p = 0.01) and plastic and orthopedic surgery (OR = 0.27, p = 0.01) had lower mortality than those underwent other surgeries.ConclusionsA COVID-19 positive diagnosis is associated with significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality following ambulatory surgery. This mortality risk is greatest in patients that undergo ambulatory surgery within 45 days of testing positive for COVID-19. Postponing elective ambulatory surgeries in patients that test positive for COVID-19 infection within 45 days of surgery date should be considered, although prospective studies are needed to assess this.     

Post-surgical pyoderma gangrenosum in otherwise healthy patient with history of COVID-19

There are increasing reports of autoimmune and dermatologic sequelae of COVID-19. We describe an otherwise healthy patient with recent history of serious COVID-19 infection who developed post-surgical pyoderma gangrenosum following bilateral reduction mammoplasty and was successfully treated with infliximab, mycophenolic acid, and corticosteroids. We present this case to highlight the lingering systemic proinflammatory effects of COVID-19 infection that may increase the risk of rare autoimmune complications of surgery. As a complete understanding of the long-term effects of COVID-19 is poorly understood, patients with a history of COVID-19 infection should be appropriately counseled to these possible risks when discussing surgery.     

Postoperative assessment of nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 after robotic surgical procedures during the pandemic

ObjectivesTo assess potential nosocomial coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission in patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic procedures during the pandemic.Material and methodsProspective study in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopy in urology or gynaecology within 2 academic hospitals. Patients underwent local preoperative COVID-19 screening using a symptoms questionnaire. Patients with suspicious screening underwent coronavirus real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were excluded from robotic surgery if positive. Patients with symptoms postsurgery were systematically tested for coronavirus by RT-PCR. One-month postsurgery, all patients had a telephone consultation to evaluate COVID-19 symptoms.ResultsSixty-eight patients underwent robotic surgery during the study period (median age: 63-years [IQR: 53–70], 1.8 male: female ratio). Oncology was the main indication for robotic surgery (n = 62, 91.2%) and 26 patients (38.2%) received a chest CT-scan prior to surgery. Eleven patients (16.2%) were symptomatic after surgery of whom only 1 tested positive for coronavirus by RT-PCR (1.5%) and was transferred to COVID-19 unit with no life-threatening condition. No attending surgeon was diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study.ConclusionsRobot-assisted laparoscopic surgery seemed safe in the era of COVID-19 as long as all recommended precautions are followed. The rate of nosocomial COVID-19 transmission was extremely low despite the fact that we only used RT-PCR testing in symptomatic patients during the preoperative work-up. Larger cohort is needed to validate these results.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下急诊创伤骨科诊疗行为的建议和策略

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情下急诊创伤骨科诊疗行为的建议和策略。方法回顾性分析2020年1月21日至2月15日期间武汉大学人民医院骨外科收治的128例急诊创伤骨科患者资料,男71例,女57例;年龄为5~88岁,平均48.7岁。门诊处置107例;住院手术21例,其中急诊手术4例,择期手术17例。记录患者和医务人员感染COVID-19的情况,总结疫情暴发以来实施的一些措施和经验。结果107例接受门诊处置的患者中,3例确诊COVID-19,3例疑似COVID-19。4例接受急诊手术的患者中,1例疑似COVID-19;17例接受择期手术的患者中,1例确诊COVID-19,2例疑似COVID-19。医务人员感染COVID-19的情况:2名护士确诊COVID-19,但均为轻症患者;1名医生和1名护士均疑似COVID-19。医务人员感染COVID-19均发生在疫情防控措施执行之前,不排除社区感染的可能。结论各级医疗机构在做好COVID-19防控的同时,保证安全、有效的医疗行为正常运转尤为重要。在COVID-19疫情期间,参与急诊创伤骨科的一线医务人员的接诊过程均面临诸多挑战。通过健全急诊创伤分诊流程、住院患者分类管理、住院病房优化管理、围手术期标准预防、完善落实医护防护制度、患者及陪护宣教配合等措施,可降低院内COVID-19感染发生率,在疫情期间依然可以为急诊创伤骨科患者提供优质、安全的医疗服务。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎暴发流行中心疫区急腹症诊治经验

目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情下在中心疫区开展急腹症诊治的临床效果,总结临床经验。方法回顾性分析2020年1月24日至2020年2月29日华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院急诊收治和院内会诊的急腹症病人的临床处置和预后,随访结束时间为2020年3月8日。结果2020年1月24日至2020年2月29日已处置腹痛为主要表现的急腹症病人19例,其中,合并COVID-19病人(确诊及疑似病例)5例。19例病人中,有急诊手术指征并行急诊手术处置的9例,恢复顺利者7例,死亡2例,其中确诊COVID-19病人行急诊手术处置1例,死亡1例;行保守治疗并密切观察病情变化者10例(包括4例COVID-19病人),均恢复良好;随访至今未见密切接触上述COVID-19病人的医护人员出现感染表现。结论COVID-19疫情期间在中心疫区诊治急腹症病人时无论其是否是COVID-19病人都做到仔细检查,严格把握手术指征,术中熟练操作,术后密切监护及观察,同时做好医护人员个人防护。     

Outcomes of orthopaedic trauma patients undergoing surgery during the peak period of COVID-19 infection at a UK major trauma centre

BackgroundTo review the clinical outcomes of all patients undergoing emergency orthopaedic trauma surgery at a UK major trauma centre during the first 6 weeks of the COVID-19 related lockdown.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent emergency orthopaedic trauma surgery at a single urban major trauma centre over the first six-week period of national lockdown. Demographics, co-morbidities, injuries, injury severity scores, surgery, COVID-19 status, complications and mortalities were analysed.ResultsA total of 76 patients were included for review who underwent multiple procedures. Significant co-morbidity was present in 72%. The overall COVID-19 infection rate of the study population at any time was 22%. Sub-group analysis indicated 13% had active COVID-19 at the time of surgery. Only 4% of patients developed COVID-19 post surgery with no mortalities in this sub-group. The overall mortality rate was 4%. The overall complication rate was 14%. However mortality and complications rates were higher if the patients had active COVID-19 at surgery, if they were over 70 years and had sustained life-threatening injuries.ConclusionThe overall survival rate for patients undergoing emergency orthopaedic trauma surgery during the COVID-19 peak was 96%. The rate of any complication was more significant in those presenting with active COVID-19 infections who had sustained potentially life threatening injuries and were over 70 years of age. Conversely those without active COVID-19 infection and who lacked significant co-morbidities experienced a lower complication and mortality rate.