旋转撕脱性拇指离断的再植体会

目的 介绍旋转撕脱性拇指离断再植方法的疗效及临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析38例旋转撕脱性拇指离断的再植体会.采用桡动脉-拇指远端拇主要动脉吻合、桡神经浅支-拇指远端尺掌侧指固有神经接合、头静脉及桡动脉伴行静脉-拇指背侧静脉吻合、食指固有伸肌腱代替拇长伸肌腱、环指屈指浅肌腱代替拇长屈肌腱进行拇指再植术.结果 38例拇指再植指体全部成活.随访2个月～2年,再植指恢复良好.按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定使用标准评定,获得较满意疗效.结论 经血管、神经、肌腱转位的方法施行旋转撕脱性拇指离断的再植,成活率高,术后感觉与运动功能恢复较理想,减少手术次数.     

绞轧撕脱性拇指离断再植

目的：探讨拇指绞轧撕脱性离断伤再植的方法及临床效果。方法对25例拇指绞轧撕脱性离断伤实施再植,掌指或指间关节毁损严重者再植时行关节融合;拇长伸肌腱自肌腹抽出者修复时选用食指固有伸肌腱转位;拇长屈肌腱抽出者采用环指指浅屈肌腱或尺侧腕伸肌腱转位修复;指动脉自近端抽出者采用食指桡侧或尺侧指固有动脉转位修复或静脉移植修复;静脉修复多能在清创后原位直接吻接;指神经尽量修复尺侧;术后早期、系统地进行康复训练。结果本组成活21例,术后随访9~60个月,依据中华医学会手外科学会评定标准,优15例,良3例,差3例,优良率达85.7%。结论拇指绞轧撕脱性离断伤虽然伤情复杂,且本组部分伤者就诊时间较晚,但掌握好再植适应证,再植时选用合适的神经血管转位、肌腱替代等技术,不但能够再植成活,而且可获得较满意的功能恢复。     

拇指旋转撕脱离断伤改良再植

目的 探讨拇指旋转撕脱离断伤改良再植的手术疗效.方法 对18例(18指)拇指旋转撕脱离断患者进行术前再植成功率评估,术中采用示指尺侧指动脉、桡神经浅支移位修复神经血管,采用环指指浅屈肌腱和桡侧腕短伸肌腱移位修复屈、伸肌腱,并利用断指残留的拇短屈肌、拇短伸肌一期重建拇对掌功能.结果 术后16指完全存活,2指坏死.随访时间为6个月至1年,再植拇指外观良好,拇对掌功能恢复,感觉恢复至S3～S3+.结论 拇指撕脱离断伤通过改良再植,尽可能降低肌腱、神经移位对正常指指功能的损害,并通过重建拇对掌功能让断指获得良好的功能,提高了手术疗效.     

拇、手指旋转撕脱性完全离断再植Ⅰ期行肌腱神经转位修复

目的探讨急诊拇、手指旋转撕脱性完全离断再植Ⅰ期行肌腱神经转位的方法及疗效。方法 2012年6月-2015年11月,采用Ⅰ期行肌腱神经转位的方法修复拇、手指旋转撕脱性完全离断26例。结果再植拇、手指完全成活,随访6~12个月,均获得满意的功能及外形,运动、感觉功能恢复良好。结论该传统方法治疗拇指旋转撕脱性完全离断,效果佳,对再植条件好者Ⅰ期均可行肌腱神经转位修复。     

拇指旋转撕脱性离断的改良再植

随着工业生产的发展,拇指旋转撕脱性离断伤越来越多见,由于血管撕脱呈缎带样,神经撕脱呈鼠尾样,再植难度大,曾被列入断指再植的相对禁忌证,自Pho等[1] 1979年报道应用血管、神经、肌腱转位行拇指旋转撕脱性离断再植获得成功后,应用此方法再植成功报道较多.2006年1月至2009年3月,我科对21例21指拇指旋转撕脱性离断伤应用腕掌侧静脉游离移植桥接于桡动脉鼻烟窝深支与拇指尺侧固有动脉之间,桡神经浅支及掌背静脉转位吻合重建拇指血运及感觉,取得较满意效果.     

前臂掌侧静脉移植在旋转撕脱性拇指离断再植术中的应用

自Pho[1](1979年)、程国良等[2]报道以血管、神经、肌腱一期转位再植成功后,拇指旋转撕脱性离断伤由再植的禁忌证转为相对适应证。我们采用前臂掌侧静脉倒植桥接拇指主要动脉解决旋转撕脱性拇指离断再植中动脉修复问题25例,现报告如下。1资料与方法     

指血管神经肌腱移位一期再植治疗拇指旋转撕脱离断

目的总结拇指旋转撕脱离断一期再植方法及疗效。方法 2011年6月-2013年9月,收治10例机器绞伤致拇指旋转撕脱离断患者。男9例,女1例;年龄18~48岁,平均36岁。左手2例,右手8例。均为机器绞伤。受伤至入院时间3~12 h,平均6 h。离断平面:近指间关节水平4例,近节指骨基底水平4例,掌指关节水平2例。取环指桡掌侧神经动脉束修复拇指指掌一侧神经动脉束,取手背桡侧静脉移位修复离断拇指静脉,并同时取环指屈指浅肌腱及示指固有伸肌腱重建拇长屈、伸肌腱。结果术后再植拇指均成活。患者均获随访,随访时间8~30个月,平均18个月。再植拇指外形良好,指腹饱满;术后6个月末节指腹两点辨别觉为5~9 mm,平均7.2 mm。末次随访时,再植拇指功能根据中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准:获优7例,良3例,优良率100%。环指伸屈活动良好,无手指萎缩,未出现手指苍白等表现,切取侧指腹感觉均为S3。结论对于拇指旋转撕脱离断,可采用单侧神经动脉束及肌腱移位一期再植,术后可早期进行再植拇指功能锻炼,并获得较好疗效。     

指动脉逆行桥接再植旋转撕脱性断拇指

拇指旋转性撕脱性离断的再植比较复杂。 1996以来 ,我科共收治拇指旋转性撕脱伤离断 6例 ,经用指掌侧固有动脉逆行桥接于拇指桡掌侧动脉后再植 ,获得成功。一、资料与方法　　 1.一般资料 :本组共 6例 ,男 4例 ,女 2例 ;年龄 8～ 40岁。致伤原因 :三角带绞伤 4例 ,钻床绞伤 2例。右拇指 5例 ,左拇指 1例。离断平面均在掌指关节。拇长伸肌腱从腱扩张部离断 2例 ,自肌腹抽出 4例。拇长屈肌腱均从近端肌腹抽出。　　 2 .手术方法 :臂丛麻醉下 ,按常规彻底清创后 ,先作骨架固定 ,修复关节囊。继之 ,修复伸肌腱 ;伸肌腱在扩张部断裂者直接作对端…     

中指尺掌侧动脉转位在拇指旋转撕脱离断再植中的应用

目的介绍一种拇指旋转撕脱性离断的再植方法。方法断指静脉分别采用静脉直接吻合、邻指静脉转位和示指背侧静脉蒂岛状皮瓣转位修复；断指动脉均用中指尺掌侧动脉转位吻接拇指尺掌侧动脉进行修复。结果13例13指成活11指，坏死2指。再植拇指外观及功能好。结论中指尺掌侧动脉解剖恒定、口径较粗、切取后对指功能和血运影响小；其转位修复断指动脉只一个吻合口、旋转角度小及有足够的可利用长度，是一种有效的拇指旋转撕脱性离断再植方法。     

拇指撕脱性离断的显微外科治疗

<正> Pho于1979年对拇指撕脱性断指再植首先报道。国内学者对拇指、食指、环指旋转撕脱性断指再植均有过报道,但文中报道的再植方法及成活率各有不同。我们自1990年以来对79例79指旋转撕脱性拇指离断实施再植,成活76指,成活率762％。23例经2个月～3年随访,再植拇指获得了满意的外形和功能。现报道如下。 1 临床资料 本组79例79指,男55例,女24例,年龄最大59岁,最小6岁。指别:左手拇指27例,右手拇指52例。受伤原因:各种丝绳、绞带伤19例,钻床伤21例,其它机器伤39例。离断平面:指间关节平面23例,掌指关节平面39例,腕掌关节平面17例。伤情及手术情况:79例均为完全性离断。3例动脉从远端撕脱,神经、肌腱从近端撕脱,采用远端静脉动脉化,食指尺侧动脉神经转移,顺利成活。50例动脉、神经肌腱从近端抽出,挫     

Sensory recovery following digital replantation

The recovery of sensibility following digital replantation is essential in the restoration of hand function. We reviewed 12 series of digital replantations between 1977 and 1989. Three hundred sixty-seven fingers and 87 thumbs were successfully replanted. Mean age was 32.5 years. Mean follow-up was 33.5 months. Mean static two-point discrimination (S2PD) was 9.3 mm in clean thumbs vs. 12.1 mm in crush/avulsion thumb replantations. Mean S2PD was 8 mm in clean finger vs. 15 mm in crush/avulsion finger replantations. Overall mean S2PD was 11 mm in thumb and 12 mm in finger replantations. Sixty-one percent of replanted thumbs and 54% of replanted fingers regained useful S2PD (less than 15 mm or greater than or equal to S3 +). Factors that influenced digital sensibility following replantation included patient's age, level and mechanism of injury, digital blood flow, cold intolerance, and postoperative sensory reeducation. Recovery of sensibility in the replanted digit is comparable to simple nerve repair and to nerve grafting techniques. Further emphasis should be on elucidating the mechanism of cold intolerance, which was a significant complaint for most replanted digits. The universal practice of postoperative sensory reeducation will continue to improve digital sensibility following replantation.     

拇指旋转撕脱性离断的再植分析

目的探讨拇指旋转撕脱性离断再植方法及临床疗效。方法2001年10月～2005年9月对29例拇指旋转撕脱离断采用不同方法进行再植。结果29例再植25例成活,失败4例。术后随访20例,时间平均18个月(10～33个月),以最后1次随访结果为准,按中华医学会手外科学会断指再植功能评定标准评定:优9指,良10指,差1指。结论按照拇指旋转撕脱伤不同情况采用不同再植方法,可获得较高的成活率,并能恢复较好的外形与功能。     

拇指旋转撕脱性离断再植方法的改良

目的介绍改良拇指旋转撕脱性离断再植方法的临床经验。方法对11例旋转撕脱性离断的拇指．采用移位环指掌侧总动脉神经束的方法重建拇指的血循环及感觉,并与以往的方法进行对比。结果11例再植指全部成活,其中1例术后第2d发生血管危象,经探查后解除。随访6～18个月,再植拇指的外形良好,恢复了对指及抓捏功能;依中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准：优7例,良2例,中2例,优良率82％;拇指的两点辨别觉为5~9mm。供侧指腹感觉恢复满意,无功能影响。结论采用改良后的再植方法,不仅最大限度重建了旋转撕脱性离断拇指的血循环及感觉功能．而且供区损失相对减少,是一种安全可靠、疗效显著的方法,值得推广。     

拇指旋转撕脱离断伤再植方式的探讨和选择

目的：探讨拇指旋转撕脱离断再植方法的选择、各种术式的优缺点及临床疗效。方法：2009年2月至2012年3月治疗21例拇指旋转撕脱离断伤患者,男16例,女5例;年龄16～45岁,平均32岁。根据患者手指撕脱情况应用不同方法行断指再植术,术后观察患者成活情况及再植指术后功能康复情况。结果：21例再植指,成活19例,失败2例。成活的19例进行随访,时间3～14个月,平均8个月。根据中华医学会手外科学会断指再植功能评定试用标准评定：优13例,良5例,差1例。结论：按照拇指旋转撕脱离断伤不同情况采用不同再植方法,可获得较高的成活率,并能恢复较好的外形与功能。     

A complex reimplantation of digits: a case report.

In multiple finger amputations, microsurgical reconstruction should concentrate on the thumb, index, and middle fingers. The patient in the case report presented in this paper initially sustained an amputation of all of the digits on the left hand and an amputation of the right thumb. Both thumbs were amputated at the metacarpophalangeal joint. Initial replantation of the left thumb, index, and middle fingers and of the right thumb was carried out. The right thumb replantation failed and, after healing, the right great toe was transferred to the right hand. Subsequent to this, the patient developed useful function of all reconstructed digits. Twenty-one months after the first injury, both thumbs sustained new traumatic amputations 1.0 cm distal to the previous amputations. Both thumbs were replanted again successfully.     

臂外侧皮瓣在复杂性拇指离断再植中的应用

目的 探讨应用臂外侧皮瓣桥接再植复杂性离断拇指的方法和临床效果.方法 2007年6月至2009年12月,对9例损伤严重伴有较大面积皮肤、软组织缺损的离断拇指,应用臂外侧皮瓣桥接再植.以臂外侧皮瓣的桡侧副血管为蒂串联重建皮瓣和断指血供,以上臂后皮神经串联重建皮瓣和断指感觉.皮瓣切取面积为6.5 cm×4.5 cm～ 11.0 cm×6.5 cm,血管神经采用端端吻合法.结果 术后皮瓣及再植拇指全部存活,随访时间为5～ 12个月,皮瓣外观及弹性良好,感觉恢复至S3～S4.修复后的拇指长度近似健指,外观良好,按中华医学会手外科学会断指再植功能评定标准评定:优5指,良3指,差1指.结论 臂外侧皮瓣血管解剖恒定,管径与拇指血管相匹配,重建感觉满意,是桥接再植复杂性离断拇指的有效方法.     

Replantation of the thumb, especially avulsion

In replantation for avulsion amputation of the thumb, high survival rate of replanted digits depends on good debridement, good arterial repair with vein grafts or neurovascular bundles, and good coverage, with loose closure of the wound. The functional success depends on liberal use of nerve and tendon grafts or transfer; subsequent procedures, such as tenolysis and opponensplasty; and backup procedures for cases with severe soft tissue avulsion or long ischemic periods. All thumb amputations should be explored in the operating room for evaluation of replantability. If it is still questionable, an experienced microsurgeon should be consulted to choose between replantation and an alternative reconstructive procedure.     

Evaluation outcome of replanted digits using the DASH score: review of 38 patients

The ultimate usefulness of replanted fingers is related to the adequacy of nerve, tendon and bone repair. Thirty-eight patients with successful replantation of the thumb, a single finger or after multiple digital amputations were followed up clinically. The subjective disability after finger replantation was evaluated by means of the DASH score, and the presence of cold intolerance was assessed. The subjective outcome of the achieved replantation reached an overall DASH score of 12.3. Patients after thumb replantation reached a score of 10.0, after a single finger replantation DASH 11.2 and after multiple finger amputations and replantation of at least one finger, DASH 16.1. Cold intolerance was subjectively found in 86.7% of all hands with replanted fingers without a correlation to the patients DASH scores. The patient's evaluation of their limb function after replanted digits by means of the DASH score, when combined with an objective external assessment, represents a valuable comparative tool.     

拇指撕脱离断伤再植术中两侧指固有神经的修复

目的介绍拇指撕脱离断伤再植术中修复拇指两侧指固有神经的方法。方法1999年8月-2009年4月,在12例拇指撕脱离断伤再植术中,采用食指桡侧指固有神经背侧支和桡神经浅支第2指蹼支移位的方法,修复拇指两侧指固有神经。结果12例拇指撕脱离断伤均再植成功,均获随访1～2年,平均16月。拇指两侧感觉均恢复良好,两点分辨觉小于10mm,平均约7mm,按照感觉功能评定标准为S4。结论拇指撕脱离断伤再植术中,应用食指桡侧指固有神经背侧支与桡神经浅支第2指蹼支移位,能恢复拇指指腹两侧良好感觉。     

Preliminary evaluation of the results of thumb replantation in the material of Plastic Surgery Clinic CMKP in Warsaw in 1983-1996]

Forty-four patients underwent thumb replantation (after complete amputation) at Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education at Warsaw between 1983 and 1996. There were 41 males and 3 females aged 13-58 years (mean 29 years). In 16 patients other fingers were also amputated. Circular saw wounds prevailed (27 patients--61%). Replantation time ranged from 3 hours to almost 12 hours (mean 6.5 h). In 38 cases (86%) the replanted thumb survived. Half of the failures occurred before 1988. In all types of amputation including avulsion good results were achieved with reversed vein grafts and vessels rerouting from the index finger (from among 7 avulsed thumbs 6 survived). Surgical technique modification according to the injury type has been discussed.