基于H_∞控制和μ控制的二元机翼颤振主动抑制分析

针对二元机翼颤振主动抑制问题,对二元翼段颤振控制律的设计以及风洞实验验证展开了深入研究。首先,基于Theodorsen非定常气动力理论建立了该翼段模型的运动状态方程。其次,基于鲁棒控制理论设计了H_∞控制器和μ控制器,分别与二元翼段气动弹性系统共同组成了机翼颤振主动控制系统。最后,采用数值仿真和风洞实验相结合的方式,对H_∞控制器和μ控制器的颤振控制效果进行了验证。研究结果表明:H_∞控制器和μ控制器都能有效抑制颤振的发生,可将机翼颤振临界速度由15.45 m/s提高到27 m/s以上。且μ控制器在颤振主动抑制中的颤振抑制收敛时间更短,颤振抑制风速上限更高,具有更好的鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能。     

基于模糊自适应的高超声速机翼颤振的主动控制

基于模糊自适应方法研究了高超声速机翼颤振的主动控制问题。首先,针对具有结构立方非线性和气动非线性的高超声速飞行器的二元机翼模型,分析系统的稳定性,得到系统的Hopf分叉点;然后,基于T-S模糊理论逼近系统非线性动态,设计了参数自适应律和模糊控制律,并应用Lyapunov理论证明系统所有信号一致最终有界;最后,通过仿真验证了所提出的主动控制算法的有效性。     

采用非定常涡气动力理论的非线性颤振主动抑制仿真研究

针对带后缘操纵面的二元机翼系统,采用非定常涡气动力理论建立了相应的气动弹性运动方程。对俯仰自由度存在迟滞型非线性刚度环节的情况,以后缘操纵面作为控制面,进行了非线性颤振主动抑制仿真。研究结果表明,对机翼颤振的抑制效果明显,所用非定常涡气动力理论适于进行非线性颤振的主动抑制仿真研究。     

柔性转子振动主动控制研究现状

对柔性转子系统动力学研究进行了回顾,综述了柔性转子主动振动闭环控制系统中作动器、控制器控制律设计研究的现状与进展,对柔性转子主动振动控制技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于压电纤维复合材料的抖振主动控制研究

压电纤维复合材料(MFC)在气动弹性抖振控制中具有很好的应用前景。对MFC驱动器采用载荷比拟方法进行建模,使用偶极子格网法模拟空气动力,利用速度负反馈算法设计控制律。研究了气流速度对垂尾固有特性的影响以及抖振主动控制的控制机理。结果表明:气流速度会影响垂尾固有特性的变化;颤振速度前附加气动力中以包含与速度反相的部分为主,对系统起到附加阻尼的作用;压电驱动力在颤振速度前甚至可以对抖振闭环系统做正功,但却能够激发附加气动力消耗更多的能量,从而使系统总耗能增大。研究结果可为实际抖振主动控制及应用提供参考。     

三种方法在机翼振动主动控制中的仿真研究

针对某型机翼振动响应较大问题,研究了PID、LQR和LMS等3种控制律方法实现振动主动控制技术的可行性。在仿真试验中,采用Patran进行结构建模和压电力等效,通过Matlab的Simulink模块搭建控制仿真模型,使用设计出的试验方案进行。结果表明,通过优化参数,PID、LQR和LMS等3种控制律方法在仿真模拟中均较好地抑制了振动响应,在机翼上实现主动控制技术。LMS方法的控制效果更佳,PID方法的控制收敛时间更短。     

飞翼布局无人机阵风减缓主动控制研究

阵风减缓是弹性飞行器研究的重要内容之一,针对某大展弦比飞翼布局弹性无人机,考虑刚体模态俯仰控制回路提出了阵风减缓控制方案,在控制器设计前后分别进行模型降阶,设计出低阶的输出反馈鲁棒控制器,闭环系统控制仿真结果显示对于离散突风翼尖加速度响应最大振幅减小21.8%,重心加速度响应最大振幅下降39%;对于连续阵风整个频带内阵风响应都得到有效控制,且在6.024 Hz处翼尖过载响应振幅下降53%,重心过载响应振幅下降45%,同时由抗阵风不灵敏度研究表明整个闭环系统具有抗阵风干扰能力。     

基于神经网络的机翼振动主动控制

根据DARMA模型提出了简单易用的神经网络控制方案，该方法采用线性人工神经网络对系统动态特性进行在线辨识，并利用辨识得到的信息，采用BP神经网络对系统进行控制，将该算法应用于飞机机翼振动主动控制数值仿真。仿真结果表明，该方法能减少算法的计算量，压缩计算时间，便于提高系统采样频率，使得自由振动和调频振动的抑制成为可能。     

飞翼无人机颤振抑制仿真研究

以飞翼式无人机为例,采用频域偶极子网格法建立飞翼式无人机颤振主动抑制的气动弹性模型,针对经过模型降阶处理后低阶的最小状态近似转换后时域气动弹性状态方程设计相关控制律,对比分析飞翼式无人机开环与闭环颤振特性。研究结果和结论可为飞翼式无人机的研制提供参考。     

带延迟反馈控制的二元机翼颤振稳定性分析

研究了单自由度线性气动弹性系统在延迟反馈控制作用下的颤振稳定性特性。首先根据气动弹性系统的力学模型和控制方程,建立了带延迟反馈控制气动弹性系统的闭环反馈系统数学模型,利用Nyquist判据对系统进行了频域稳定性分析。进而采用根轨迹方法就反馈增益和延迟时间进行参数分析,获得系统的颤振稳定性边界。分析结果表明,延迟反馈会降低系统的颤振品质。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下进行了时域数值仿真,验证了频域理论分析结果的正确性。本文建立的分析方法可推广应用于带延迟反馈控制的多自由度气动弹性系统的颤振稳定性分析。     

汽车主动悬架非线性振动的VOFB控制

提出了一种应用于汽车主动悬架非线性振动主动控制的新型鲁棒自适应控制算法——VOFB算法(Variable-structure-control output feedback backstepping),并证明了稳定性, 还进行了仿真验证。引入了一个非线性滤波器,简化了设计,设计了一输出反馈观测器,最后将变结构控制的设计方法引入Backstepping控制器设计,得到了对系统扰动的鲁棒性。     

飞机机翼结构变形量测量装置

为减缓阵风或紊流对飞机的扰动,提高飞行控制精度,设计了一种基于微机电加速度计实时测量机翼弹性变形量的测量装置。对测量原理进行了介绍,给出了系统的硬件设计方法和软件流程。该装置的采样频率为200 Hz,能够同时完成12路加速度信号的采样和数据实时存储。结果表明测量弯曲角度误差在0.8°以内,满足阵风载荷减缓主动控制系统的使用要求,验证了设计的合理性。     

电磁轴承及其系统设计方法

电磁轴承是磁悬浮原理在机械领域中的一个应用实例,其工作机理是依靠电磁力使转子非接触地“支承”于轴承体内,有运动阻力小、无接触摩擦和磨损、功耗低以及寿命长等优点。国外在这方面已有成熟的产品应用于生产实际。介绍了电磁轴承及其系统设计的特点、系统控制器的设计方法、刚性转子系统的设计方法和柔性转子系统的动力学设计方法,并提供了几个实际设计的数据和部分试验结果。     

民用液压舵机动刚度研究浅析

液压伺服舵机广泛应用于民机电传飞行控制系统,舵机的众多特性引起了设计者的重视。动刚度作为液压舵机的一项重要性能指标,对飞机飞行安全有重大意义,其设计必须满足飞机操纵面颤振抑制要求。介绍了液压舵机动刚度的定义、动刚度特性研究的重要性、操纵面防颤振抑制设计原则以及舵机防颤振抑制设计方法。建立了液压舵机系统数学模型,提出了舵机动刚度特性的分析和测试验证方法。随着电液伺服技术和民用舵机设计的发展,舵机动刚度特性的研究将引起更多工程设计人员的重视。     

Aeroelastic response of an airfoil-flap system exposed to time-dependent disturbances

Aeroelastic response and control of airfoil-flap system exposed to sonic-boom, blast and gust loads in an incompressible subsonic flowfield are addressed. Analytical analysis and pertinent numerical simulations of the aeroelastic response of 3-DOF airfoil featuring plunging-pitching-flapping coupled motion subjected to gust and explosive pressures in terms of important characteristic parameters specifying configuration envelope are presented. The comparisons of uncontrolled aeroelastic response with controlled one of the wing obtained by feedback control methodology are supplied, which is implemented through the flap torque to suppress the flutter instability and enhance the subcritical aeroelastic response to time-dependent excitations.     

民用液压舵机动刚度研究浅析

液压伺服舵机广泛应用于民机电传飞行控制系统,舵机的众多特性引起了设计者的重视。动刚度作为液压舵机的一项重要性能指标,对飞机飞行安全有重大意义,其设计必须满足飞机操纵面颤振抑制要求。介绍了液压舵机动刚度的定义、动刚度特性研究的重要性、操纵面防颤振抑制设计原则以及舵机防颤振抑制设计方法。建立了液压舵机系统数学模型,提出了舵机动刚度特性的分析和测试验证方法。随着电液伺服技术和民用舵机设计的发展,舵机动刚度特性的研究将引起更多工程设计人员的重视。     

H∞ control for flutter suppression of a laminated plate with self-sensing actuators

Active flutter suppression system of a composite plate wing model is designed using a reduced order model. The analysis for a laminated composite wing with segmented piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs is conducted by the Ritz solution technique. Unsteady aerodynamic forces calculated by doublet lattice method are approximated as the transfer functions of the Laplace variable by the minimum state method. Among the aerodynamic states obtained from rational function approximation, only one aerodynamic state is included in the plant model for feedback purpose. The neglected aerodynamic states are regarded as modeling error. The control system uses the integrated and collocated piezoelectric self-sensing actuator pairs so as to prohibit the non-minimum phase model and the spillover due to the unmodeled dynamics. Based on the mixed-sensitivityH∞ control method, the control parameters are determined. Using a simple wing model, the performance of the controlled system is shown in the frequency and time domain respectively. The electric current and the power requirement for aeroelastic control are also predicted.     

System modeling and robust control of an AMB spindle : part II a robust controller design and its implementation

This paper discusses an entire procedure for a robust controller design and its implementation of an AMB (active magnetic bearing) spindle, which is part II of the papers presenting details of system modeling and robust control of an AMB spindle. Since there are various uncertainties in an AMB system and reliability is the most important factor for applications, robust control naturally gains attentions in this field. However, tight evaluations of various uncertainties based on experimental data and appropriate performance weightings for an AMB spindle are still ongoing research topics. In addition, there are few publications on experimental justification of a designed robust controller. In this paper, uncertainties for the AMB spindle are classified and described based on the measurement and identification results of part I, and an appropriate performance weighting scheme for the AMB spindle is developed. Then, a robust control is designed through the mixedμ synthesis based on the validated accurate nominal model of part I, and the robust controller is reduced considering its closed loop performance. The reduced robust controller is implemented and confirmed with measurements of closed-loop responses. The AMB spindle is operated up to 57,600 rpm and performance of the designed controller is compared with a benchmark PID controller through experiments. Experiments show that the robust controller offers higher stiffness and more efficient control of rigid modes than the benchmark PID controller.     

Robust disturbance rejection control of a biped robotic system using high-order extended state observer

This study addressed the problem of robust control of a biped robot based on disturbance estimation. Active disturbance rejection control was the paradigm used for controlling the biped robot by direct active estimation. A robust controller was developed to implement disturbance cancelation based on a linear extended state observer of high gain class. A robust high-gain scheme was proposed for developing a state estimator of the biped robot despite poor knowledge of the plant and the presence of uncertainties. The estimated states provided by the state estimator were used to implement a feedback controller that was effective in actively rejecting the perturbations as well as forcing the trajectory tracking error to within a small vicinity of the origin. The theoretical convergence of the tracking error was proven using the Lyapunov theory. The controller was implemented by numerical simulations that showed the convergence of the tracking error. A comparison with a high-order sliding-mode-observer-based controller confirmed the superior performance of the controller using the robust observer introduced in this study. Finally, the proposed controller was implemented on an actual biped robot using an embedded hardware-in-the-loop strategy.