“茶学”代码写入国家自然科学基金项目指南

正最近,2019年度国家自然科学基金项目的申请工作正在如火如荼地进行着,新鲜出炉的《2019年度国家自然科学基金项目指南》中的一个变化:"茶学"正式归入"园艺与植物营养学",获得基金申请代码"C1504",成为园艺下设的二级学科之一,并设立三级代码:茶树生理生态与栽培学、茶树种质资源与遗传育种学、茶叶加工与品质。名目的确立和规范,将为今后茶学基础研究在自然科学基金项目中的成功     

《中国茶叶加工》征稿征订启事

正《中国茶叶加工》是由中华全国供销合作总社主管,中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究院和全国茶叶加工科技情报中心站主办的,国内外公开发行的茶叶综合性学术期刊,主要刊登以茶为研究对象的科学技术成果,内容涵盖茶叶生产加工、机械装备、储运保鲜、品质化学、质量标准、功能保健、资源利用、经营管理、市场流通、文化历史等领域。经中国知网等单位对《中国茶叶加工》多项学术指标进行综合评     

《中国茶叶加工》征稿征订启事

正《中国茶叶加工》是由中华全国供销合作总社主管,中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究院和全国茶叶加工科技情报中心站主办的,国内外公开发行的茶叶综合性学术期刊,主要刊登以茶为研究对象的科学技术成果,内容涵盖茶叶生产加工、机械装备、储运保鲜、品质化学、质量标准、功能保健、资源利用、经营管理、市场流通、文化历史等领域。经中国知网等单位对《中国茶叶加工》多项学术指标进行综合评     

加快茶厂优化改造 迎接茶叶QS认证

分析了泰顺县茶叶加工的现状与问题，结合《茶叶生产许可证》审查细则、茶叶QS认证等问题，对茶厂优化改造提出一些对策措施。     

《中国茶叶加工》征稿征订启事

正《中国茶叶加工》是由中华全国供销合作总社主管,中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究院和全国茶叶加工科技情报中心站主办的,国内外公开发行的茶叶综合性学术期刊,主要刊登以茶为研究对象的科学技术成果,内容涵盖茶叶生产加工、机械装备、储运保鲜、品质化学、质量标准、功能保健、资源利用、经营管理、市场流通、文化历史等领域。     

加强茶叶质量监管 走品牌化发展之路

<正>茶为国饮。近年来,随着茶叶生产和消费的快速增长,茶叶质量安全问题也时有出现,并成为舆论热点,引起了监管部门的高度重视。4月7日,国家食品药品监管总局发布《关于进一步加强茶叶质量安全监管工作的通知》(以下简称《通知》),要求茶叶生产企业严格按照《食品安全法》等法律、法规、标准和相关文件的规定,切实落实质量安全主体     

核桃树或桤木与茶树间作对茶叶主要生化成分的影响

为提高经济收益,云南一些地区茶农自发尝试了核桃树与茶树间作或桤木与茶树间作两种间作模式。为了探究这两种间作模式对茶叶品质的影响,本研究采集了当地4个基地的"云抗10号"茶叶样品,以非间作纯茶园为对照,分析了间作条件下茶叶主要生化成分的变化,以期对当地茶园管理提供指导。结果表明:不同间作模式对水浸出物、茶多酚及儿茶素总量无显著影响,但与对照相比,间作可显著降低粗纤维含量,提高咖啡碱、叶绿素、游离氨基酸含量,改善茶叶品质,降低酚氨比,利于改善绿茶品质,提高茶叶的适制性。间作模式有一定推广借鉴意义。     

出口茶叶质量安全国标正式实施

<正>我国首个针对出口茶叶质量安全控制体系制定的国家标准《出口茶叶质量安全控制规范》正式实施,规范将为我国茶叶出口带来新的技术支撑,让中国茶香飘世界。该规范是针对对出口茶叶种植、采摘、加工、检验、监测、追溯、产品召回等涉及到产品质量安全控制的方面提出质     

饮料酒质量与品质安全是健康生活的重要保障

<正>早期我国饮料酒生产更多的关注感官质量,制定的感观与理化质量标准众多,从1977年发布饮料酒安全标准GBn 47-77,到1981年GB 2757-1981《蒸馏酒和配制酒卫生标准》和GB 2758-1981《发酵酒卫生标准》等标准后,我国饮料酒开始关注品质安全问题,随后,发布了一系列的与品质安全和卫生相关的规范,如GB 8951-1988《白酒厂卫生规范》、GB12698-1990《黄酒厂卫生规范》、GB12696-1990《葡萄酒厂卫生规范》等。     

倡导高效、安全、清洁生产方式，实施茶叶加工标准化

通过对我国茶叶加工现状的分析，以提高茶叶品质、增强我国茶叶的国际竞争优势为目的，提出茶叶加工高效、安全、清洁生产新观念，阐述实现我国茶叶标准化加工的相应措施；鲜叶采摘与集运标准化；工厂环境园林化．加工设备环保化、自动化；加强荼叶加工技术规程的研究制定，实现加工技术与管理标准化。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.