丝瓜汁在海绵蛋糕制作工艺中的应用

以低筋面粉、白砂糖、新鲜丝瓜和茉莉花等为主要材料,研究丝瓜茉莉花混合汁在海绵蛋糕中的应用,重点为配方、工艺的设计。试验结果表明:茉莉花茶的浸提工艺参数为茶水质量比1∶60、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间20 min、pH6,丝瓜汁与茉莉花浸提液的最佳体积配比为2∶1,丝瓜茉莉花混合汁的最佳添加量为小麦粉质量的25%,鸡蛋与小麦粉的质量比例为1.5∶1,白砂糖的最佳添加量为小麦粉质量的90%,最佳烘烤条件为上火180℃、下火160℃、时间35 min。     

新菜传真菜品推介

丝瓜羊肝盅 原料：丝瓜200克 羊肝200克 水发枸杞5克 盐8克 栀子茶汁400克 家乐鸡汁4克 姜汁酒、蛋清豆粉、白醋各适量     

茉莉丝瓜花式馒头的研制

以小麦粉、丝瓜和茉莉花茶为主要原料,研制茉莉丝瓜花式馒头。试验对丝瓜最佳护色条件、丝瓜汁和茉莉花茶汁最佳配比以及馒头的工艺条件进行了研究。试验结果表明,丝瓜最佳护色条件为烫漂温度90℃,时间3min。茉莉丝瓜混合汁最佳配比为2:3。茉莉丝瓜花式馒头最佳工艺条件为茉莉丝瓜混合汁添加量为55%、活性干酵母1.0%、白糖3.0%、发酵时间45min(原辅料以面粉质量为基数)。通过此配方制作的馒头色、香、味达到了最佳效果,提高了营养保健功能。茉莉丝瓜花式馒头不仅满足了人们日常饮食的要求,而且增加了主食馒头的花式品种。     

杏、南瓜、胡萝卜复合果蔬汁的制备

研究了由杏汁、南瓜汁和胡萝卜汁复配的复合果蔬汁的配方,以及增稠剂的选择与用量.通过三因素三水平正交试验并结合感官评定,确定了果蔬复合汁的最佳配方为:杏汁体积分数50%、南瓜汁体积分数40%、胡萝卜汁体积分数10%、蔗糖质量分数3%.实验表明:添加1.5 g/L耐酸性CMC-Na,复合汁的色泽诱人,风味独特,稳定性良好.     

不同浸汁条件对山楂原汁品质的影响

以菲克浸透扩散定律为依据。就山楂的切片厚度、浸汁时间、浸汁温度3因素在不同的处理条件下对浸出汁的主要理化指标的影响情况做了分析比较。较理想的浸汁条件为:切片厚度2~3mm,浸汁时间10~12h,浸汁温度40℃。     

汉中腊汁肉

腊汁肉是汉中地区的一种特色食品,如你走在汉中的街头,走不了多远便会闻到一股香味,四周一看,准会看见有店铺门前放着一口锅,而那锅里煮的就是腊汁肉。腊汁肉一般都是现煮现卖,那色泽黑红,冒着热气的各式腊汁肉堆在桌案上,散发出一股诱人的香味儿。吃腊汁肉是汉中人的一大嗜好,这从城乡药店门前所挂出售腊汁药料的广告牌子便可见一斑。在汉中,不论城里乡间,几乎家家都有一个腊汁罐,来了客人,随时可拿罐煮肉,甚是方便。顾名思义,腊汁肉即是用腊汁煮出来的肉料。腊汁肉不同于干腊肉,因为干腊肉是烟熏而成的;腊汁也不同于卤水,因为腊汁的药料用…     

壳聚糖在苹果汁,山梨汁,山楂汁澄清中的应用研究

介绍了壳聚糖用于苹果汁，山梨汁和山渣汁的澄清实验，澄清后果汁透光率均在９０％以上，实验结果表明，壳聚糖是苹果汁、山梨汁和山楂汁较理想的澄清剂。     

竹汁的抗氧化活性及天然竹汁饮料的研制

活体竹汁含丰富的多糖、氨基酸和锗等生物活性物质,通过实验证明竹汁能清除羟自由基（·OH）,抑制大鼠肝匀浆的脂质过氧化,分析了竹汁的药理活性机理可能与抗氧化作用有关。以天然竹汁为主要原料,用硅藻土─明胶联合处理去除竹汁中的不稳定成分──不溶性蛋白质和多酚类物质。配制成功天然竹汁保健饮料,为竹资源的开发利用开辟了新的途径。     

海带胡萝卜番茄复合汁的研制

本文研究了海带汁、胡萝卜汁、番茄汁的提取方法、复合汁的配方及主要营养组分。正交试验确定最适宜配方为海带汁35 %、胡萝卜汁25 %、番茄汁10 %、白糖7 % ;实验表明添加0 21 %复合稳定剂 ,复合汁的稳定性良好 ,并含有丰富的碘、钙、胡萝卜素和维生素C等营养物质 ,能有效地补充人体生长发育的需要。     

丝瓜枸杞保健饮料的研制

本文研究了以丝瓜和枸杞为主要原料的保健饮料的制作工艺,对丝瓜的烫漂护色和选用饮料稳定剂进行了探讨,并运用正交实验研究了产品的调配,最终产品配方为丝瓜汁15％、构杞汁10％、白砂糖10％、柠檬酸0.1％,并选用海藻酸钠0.1％和CMC—Na0.1％的复合稳定剂。     

苦瓜低糖复合饮料的工艺研究

以苦瓜、丝瓜、花生和蜂蜜为主要原料,制备苦瓜低糖复合饮料。确定了最佳的饮料配方及工艺参数,即苦瓜和丝瓜复合汁添加量为30%,其中苦瓜汁和丝瓜汁比为1：1.5,花生浆、蜂蜜添加量分别为15%、4%,并添加0.05%抗坏血酸和0.2%黄原胶;均质温度为65～75℃,压力为23～25MPa;然后在90.3～90.7KPa下脱气一次,80～85℃水浴灭菌30min。     

丝瓜茎汁液复合饮料的工艺研究

本实验以丝瓜为主要原料,以白砂糖、柠檬酸、丝瓜伤流液及菠萝汁等为辅料,开发一种具有保健功能的丝瓜茎汁液复合饮料。以饮料的感观质量为评价指标,采用单因素实验,考察白砂糖、柠檬酸、菠萝等对饮料品质的影响。在此基础上,采用四因素三水平正交试验L9(34),确定该饮料的最佳配方,其结果为丝瓜12%、白砂糖8%、柠檬酸0.070%、菠萝6%、丝瓜伤流液15%。该天然饮料营养丰富、风味独特,具有清热化痰、凉血解毒等保健作用。     

丝瓜中的皂甙及其生物活性

详述了国内外丝瓜中皂甙的提取和分离过程,概括了其组成及结构和生物活性研究,并对丝瓜的利用前景进行了分析.     

Effects of genotype and environment on vitamin C content and its heterosis in towel gourd fruits

BACKGROUND: Vitamin C is an indispensable component in the diet of humans, who lack the ability to synthesise it. Towel gourd (Luffa cylindrica L.) is a vegetable that is widely consumed in Asia, but little is known about the vitamin C content in its fresh fruits. In this study the effects of genotype and environment on the vitamin C content and its heterosis in towel gourd fruits were investigated using eight inbred lines and nine F₁ hybrids planted in two different seasons (spring and summer). RESULTS: Among the 17 cultivars studied, vitamin C content ranged from 5.94 to 12.89 mg per 100 g, suggesting the possibility of selecting new towel gourd varieties with high vitamin C content. The effects of genotype, environment (planting season) and their interaction on vitamin C content were all significant (P?0.01), with genotype having the largest effect. Five out of six hybrids showed positive heterosis over the mean values of their parents. However, it was difficult to predict the vitamin C content in F₁ fruits from that in their parents. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the vitamin C content in towel gourd fruits can be affected by genotype and environment and might be increased by crossing. This could provide a theoretical basis for selecting varieties with high vitamin C content. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

不同乳酸菌在冬瓜汁中的发酵特性研究

向鲜榨并经巴氏灭菌的冬瓜汁中接入不同的乳酸菌(干酪乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、植物乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌)进行发酵,比较发酵过程中乳酸菌活菌数、pH值、可滴定酸、总糖、还原糖、总多酚和色泽等变化和发酵后挥发性风味物质种类与相对含量。结果表明,冬瓜汁营养丰富,上述各种乳酸菌均能在冬瓜汁中很好地生长,其中干酪乳杆菌的生长速率(对数生长期)略低于其他6种菌;另外,七种乳酸菌发酵后冬瓜汁中主要挥发性风味物质主要有酸类、醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类五类,保加利亚乳杆菌发酵的冬瓜汁中检出的挥发性风味物质最多。除双歧杆菌之外其他六种乳酸菌发酵的冬瓜汁理化性质差别不大,双歧杆菌发酵的冬瓜汁在总色差上明显高于其他乳酸菌,且双歧杆菌的产酸能力最强,在发酵期间其可滴定酸含量最高。     

Process optimisation of the bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) concentrated juice preparation for a freeze‐dried powder

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), a commonly consumed vegetable in South Asia, eastern‐South Asia, China, Japan, Korea peninsula, Caribbean Sea isles etc., is used as an adjunct in the management of diabetes mellitus. In this study, in order to find the effective ways of producing bitter gourd freeze‐dried powder, the concentrated juice of bitter gourd was produced through enzymatic process (EP), ultra filtration (UF), reverse osmosis and vacuum concentration technology. Results indicated that total saponins, total sugar and pH value in bitter gourd juice were almost unchanged after EP and after UF (P ≥ 0.05). However, UF decreased the turbidity and improved transmittance of juice (P < 0.05). When compared with the vacuum concentration alone, the combined process of reverse osmosis followed by vacuum concentration had 3.33 folds of production efficiency and 1.725 times of vitamin C content in concentrated juice. With freeze‐drying microscope system, the eutectic point of the freeze‐dried product of bitter gourd juice was detected to be ?37.5 °C, which was important to optimise lyophilisation parameters. The freeze‐drying microscope system was more accurate than the conventional electric resistance method in detecting the eutectic point of freeze‐dried product.     

杂交瓠瓜中抑菌物质提取条件的优选

本实验进行了杂交瓠瓜瓠瓜(♀)×苦瓜(♂)中抑菌物质提取条件的研究,结果表明:杂交瓠瓜中抑菌组分提取的最佳溶剂是水,取汁后的杂交瓠瓜的渣与水按1:14的比例混合,在50～60℃下浸提80min,提取效果最佳。在最佳条件下重复提取两次,杂交瓠瓜中的抑菌成分基本浸提完全。     

基于高通量测序技术对浙江传统发酵蔬菜微生物多样性的解析

以浙江地区传统发酵蔬菜臭冬瓜、臭苋菜梗、酸笋和酸茭白为研究对象,采用Illunina MiSeq高通量测序技术,分别分析浙江传统发酵蔬菜的汁液、固形物和培养物中细菌和真菌微生物群落组成和多样性,探讨“臭”和“酸”类发酵食品的微生物群落组成差异。结果表明：14 个样品中细菌和真菌的测序覆盖率分别为0.97和0.99。分析细菌,臭苋菜梗固形物的可操作分类单元（operational taxonomic unit,OTU）最多、Shannon指数最高;而酸笋固形物中的OTU最少,酸笋汁的Shannon指数最低;且臭苋菜梗汁、固形物和培养物以及酸笋固形物和培养物的菌群结构更为接近。分析真菌,臭冬瓜培养物和酸茭白固形物中的真菌OTU最多,臭苋菜梗培养物中的OTU最少,而酸茭白汁中没有检测出真菌;酸笋汁的Shannon指数最高,臭苋菜梗培养物的Shannon指数最低;除卤水、臭苋菜梗汁和酸笋样品外其余样品的真菌群落组成更为接近。在属水平,臭冬瓜培养物、酸笋汁、酸笋固形物和酸茭白汁的优势细菌属分别为脱硫弧菌属（Desulfovibrio）、克雷伯氏菌属（Klebsiella）、埃希菌属（Escherichia）和Caproiciproducens,卤水培养物、酸茭白固形物和培养物的优势细菌属为梭菌属（Clostridium）,臭苋菜梗汁、固形物和培养物的优势细菌属为拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）,卤水、臭冬瓜汁和固形物的优势细菌属为乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）;卤水的优势真菌属为柯达酵母属（Kodamaea）,臭苋菜梗汁、固形物和培养物的优势真菌属为假丝酵母属（Candida）,而其他样品的优势真菌属为Leptospora。     

Influence of antioxidant rich fresh vegetable juices on starch induced postprandial hyperglycemia in rats

This research analyzed the major chemical components and multiple antioxidant activities present in the fresh juice of eight vegetables, and studied their influence on starch induced postprandial glycemia in rats. A SDS-PAGE based protein fingerprint of each vegetable juice was also prepared. The yields of juice, chemical components like total proteins, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and free radicals like the ABTS˙(+) cation, DPPH, H(2)O(2), scavenging activities and reducing properties for NBT and FeCl(3) showed wide variations. Vegetable juice from brinjal ranked first in displaying total antioxidant capacity. Pretreatment of rats with vegetable juices moderated starch induced postprandial glycemia. The fresh juice from the vegetables ridge gourd, bottle gourd, ash gourd and chayote significantly mitigated postprandial hyperglycemic excursion. Total polyphenol concentrations present in vegetable juices positively influenced ABTS˙(+) scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity. However, NBT reducing activity of juices was positively affected by total protein concentration. Contrarily, however, high polyphenol content in vegetable juice was observed to adversely affect the postprandial antihyperglycemic activity of vegetable juices. This is the first report exploring antihyperglycemic activity in these vegetable juices and highlights the possible adverse influence of high polyphenol content on the antihyperglycemic activity of the vegetable juices.     

苦瓜原汁最佳超滤操作条件及滤液品质分析

以寻求提高苦瓜原汁超滤时的渗透流速为目的，用国产UF-中空纤维膜组件进行试验，采用正交试验对超滤操作条件进行优化，分析超滤处理后的苦瓜原汁质量变化。结果表明．在所选定的因素水平范围内，苦瓜原汁超滤时渗透瘴速量高的优因素水平组合为膜截留相对分子质量60000．操作温度40℃，操作压力0．06MPa；超滤处理后．原汁的苦瓜固有滋味和品质得到较好保留，国产超滤膜用于苦瓜原汁工业化生产是可行的。