电液舵系统性能综合测试系统的研究

针对某舰船电液舵系统的工作特点。设计了高精度全自动综合测试系统。采用电液加载和弹簧加载两种加载方式，并采用交流伺服电机作为手轮驱动机构。实现了舵系统4路舵机的静动态性能同步测试；测试计算机可靠性高，界面友好美观，测试功能强大，具有故障诊断分析功能。测试结果表明：舵系统性能综合测试系统设计科学合理，技术水平先进，具有很高的测试精度和自动化程度。     

径向柱塞泵液压试验台虚拟仪器测试系统的研制

介绍径向柱塞泵试验台液压系统的工作原理及虚拟仪器系统的构建方式.利用工控机和数据采集卡实现测试数据采集、测试系统控制的自动化,大大提高测试效率和测试精度;利用VB搭建的仪器面板使得操作简洁、直观、易用.实际应用表明,该系统具有良好的抗干扰性、可靠性和可扩展性.     

采煤机液压CAT系统的设计应用

通过综合运用了计算机技术、自动化仪表及传感器技术,CAT是目前液压传动技术中比较先进的测试方法,此方法应用于采煤机液压系统的测试,提高了采煤机的工作可靠性。     

20MN锻造液压机组技术改造

采用当今新技术对长城特钢上世纪80年代初进口的20MN锻造液压机机组中的主泵液压系统、卸载液压系统、辅助液压系统、操作机液压系统和电气控制系统进行了改造,实际应用结果表明:改造后的锻造液压机的技术性能、自动化程度、可靠性和可维护性都得到了较大的提高.降低了原系统的液压冲击和振动,实现了±1mm的锻造精度,锻造频次由原来的70min-1提高到90min-1以上,同时还保证了原有系统的其他性能指标.     

汽车液压动力转向器试验台测控系统设计与开发

在分析液压动力转向器试验台工作原理的基础上，设计测控系统硬件结构和软件结构，并提出抗干扰和提高可靠性的措施。采用该系统可以进行转向器多项性能测试，在测试中实现了完全自动化，而且人机接口良好，测试精度高。     

PLC在液压CAT中的应用

ＰＬＣ在液压ＣＡＴ（计算机辅助测试）中的应用可大大简化ＣＡＴ控制系统的结构,与计算机构成网络之后,可进一步提高液压ＣＡＴ的自动化测试水平。ＰＬＣ应用于液压系统的故障诊断,能实现对故障的准确定位,有效地提高了液压系统的故障诊断水平。     

基于PLC的液压多路阀试验台设计

针对现有的液压多路阀试验台存在功能不全、可靠性差、测试精度和试验效率低等问题,设计了基于PLC的多功能液压多路阀试验台。该试验台由液压试验系统、操作台、PLC采集控制系统、触摸屏和上位计算机等组成。实际应用表明:该试验台可满足液控和电液比例控制液压多路阀的测试要求,且测试精度和试验效率高,可靠性强,用户界面友好。可为产品出厂测试、设计及维护提供实验支持。     

液压马达加载测试装置的设计研究

本文设计了一套液压马达的加载测试装置，该装置能够按照实际工况对液压马达进行性能测试，由于系统采用了比例控制技术和信号自动采集系统，从而提高了系统的测试自动化程度和测试精度；同时有效解决了液压马达的低速加载稳定性问题。     

机床液压传动的发展动向

一、液压技术在机床中的应用自从1882年第一台液压龙门刨床问世以来,在一百年当中液压传动已在机床中得到广泛应用,液压元件成为机床中不可缺少的重要基础元件,特别是在机床向自动化、高速化、省力化以及提高机床的加工精度和可靠性,便于操作和维修等方向发展的过程中,液压传动显示出一系列优点,例如:     

液压CAT技术及其在某型高炮炮闩液压润滑系统测试中的应用

介绍液压CAT技术、液压CAT系统的组成和应用现状.设计一种基于虚拟仪器的某高炮炮闩液压润滑CAT系统,通过测控软件对液压系统的控制,达到测试自动化、简化测试系统设备、简化测试人员的操作和降低成本的目的,适合部队使用.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis