调和映射约束下的超分辨率图像重建

针对超分辨率图像重建过程中的正则化约束问题,本文提出采用p(x)调和映射进行正则化重建,根据超分辨率图像观察模型及正则约束,给出相应的能量泛函,并采用动态偏微分方程演化来求解能量泛函.该算法在重建的过程中能够根据图像空间特性自适应地采用不同的p(x)范数进行正则化,在图像的平滑区域采用近似2次范数进行正则化,而在图像的边缘区域采用近似1次范数进行正则化.实验结果均表明该算法不仅能有效地重建图像边缘,而且能有效地改善一次范教约束重建的分片常数效应.     

改进的局部最小像素先验遥感图像盲复原算法

为了解决遥感图像盲复原时模糊核估计不准确、复原图像存在振铃效应的问题,提出改进的局部最小像素先验遥感图像盲复原算法。该算法首先引入极端通道先验与局部最小像素先验结合,对图像的强度进行更好的约束,有利于得到更好的潜在清晰图像;然后采用基于梯度的方法估计模糊核,模糊核估计与中间潜在清晰图像估计交替迭代进行,获得较为理想的模糊核;最后引入联合双边滤波器,采用改进的拉普拉斯与正则化图像复原算法抑制图像复原的振铃效应。实验结果表明,本文方法对遥感图像复原效果较好,恢复的图像边缘清晰,振铃伪影得到抑制且模糊核较为理想;客观评价指标峰值信噪比(PSNR)较前沿复原算法平均提高约1.40 dB,结构相似度(SSIM)平均提高约0.02。     

基于自适应步长双参数正则化算法的超声波过程层析成像图像重建

提出了一种新的自适应步长双参数正则化算法,对超声波层析成像系统检测浆体浓度分布进行图像重建。该算法利用转换矩阵将超定解作为先验信息,嵌入到正则化泛函中,避免重建图像被过度平滑,不仅成像速度较快且重建图像具有较高分辨率。仿真实验结果表明,相比于Tikhonov正则化算法以及Landweber算法,自适应步长双参数正则化算法重建图像的相关系数有明显提高并且边界信息更加可靠。     

变量分裂机制耦合非循环模糊模型的图像复原

目的针对当前非二次正则化图像复原算法在图像边界的周期拓展难度较大,导致复原图像的边界存在振铃效应,算法的通用性削弱,且时耗严重的问题,提出变量分裂机制耦合非循环卷积模型的抗失真图像快速复原算法。方法引入掩模算子,设计非循环模糊模型,显著消除复原图像的振铃效应;改进数据保真项,构造了最小成本化函数;定义二次辅助变量,嵌入变量分裂策略,设计基于变量分裂的乘数交替方向算法,对非循环模糊模型中的循环与掩模矩阵进行解耦,降低算法复杂度;构造增广拉格朗日函数,耦合交替最小机制与成本函数,以单步封闭式更新估算图像,快速完成图像重构。结果仿真结果显示:与当前复原算法相比,提出算法的失真度最小,且收敛速度更快。结论提出算法能够快速复原多种类型的退化图像,有效消除了复原图像的振铃效应。     

正则化恢复联合稀疏表示的图像超分辨率重构

为改善强降质图像的分辨率水平,提出了一种正则化恢复联合稀疏表示的单帧图像超分辨率重构框架。为同时放大图像并抑制模糊及噪声,首先根据退化估计正则化平衡极小问题的逼近项和先验项,然后基于初步的锐利清晰图像和预先建立的图像超完备稀疏表示字典实现边缘保持的图像分辨率放大。正则化恢复的输出改善了传统学习法图像超分辨中低频分量的双立方插值版本,同时对降质的有效抑制降低了字典原子对退化信息的依赖性。实验结果表明,本方法可对模糊含噪的低分辨率图像实现有效的超分辨率重构。     

基于改进SR3模型算法的ECT图像重建研究

针对电容层析成像技术应用于气固两相流检测时,图像重建过程中存在的不适定性问题,提出一种稀疏松弛正则化回归模型(SR3)应用于ECT图像重建。采用软阈值迭代法和梯度下降法为SR3模型求解器,向SR3模型中加入L1、L2惩戒项,并设计滤值环节优化解向量。实验结果表明,改进SR3模型算法相比Tikhonov正则化算法、L1正则化算法及原SR3模型算法,重建图像精度明显提高,图像相对误差显著降低,有较好的成像效果。     

基于图像自相似性及字典学习的超分辨率重建算法

图像超分辨率重建技术在重构图像细节,改善图像视觉效果等方面起着重要作用.为了提高超分辨率图像的重构质量,本文结合图像自身和自然图像库信息进行超分辨率重建.先利用图像在不同尺度的自相似性,形成图像金字塔,只用单幅低分辨率图像进行超分辨率重建;然后利用自然图像库进行字典学习并以初步得到的重建图像作为输入再次处理;在图像后处理时,利用图像非局部相似性和迭代反投影,进一步提高重建效果.实验结果表明,本文的方法与其它几种基于学习的超分辨率算法比较,无论主观视觉效果上还是峰值信噪比上都有明显提高.     

基于l_(2,p)-范数的ECT图像重建算法

针对电容层析成像系统图像重建过程中Tiknonov正则化解过度光滑引起的重建图像细节信息丢失问题,引入l_(2,p)(0p≤1)的混合范数作为正则化算法的数据项和正则化项。混合范数l_(2,p)利用了欧氏范数l_2的光滑性和分数范数l_p(0p≤1)的稀疏性,不仅比范数L_(2,1)具有更好的联合稀疏性,对噪声的抗干扰性也更强,进而针对l_(2,p)矩阵范数的非凸、非Lipschitz连续问题提出一种新的电容层析成像图像重建模型。实验结果表明,基于矩阵混合范数l_(2,p)极小化优化模型的正则化算法相比牛顿迭代、奇异值分解、共轭梯度算法具有更强的适应性,更高的图像分辨率及更好的成像质量。     

基于视觉对比度特性的红外图像超分辨率重建

针对现有超分辨率算法重建后的红外图像存在对比度差、信噪比低、视觉效果模糊的缺点,提出一种基于视觉对比度特性的红外图像超分辨率重建算法。该算法首先利用人眼在不同灰度级的分辨能力不同,通过引入红外图像对比度这一先验信息重建红外图像,其次构建一噪声度量因子以区分图像目标与噪声,然后对目标边缘进行增强,噪声进行滤除。实验结果表明:经过改进算法重建的超分辨率红外图像对比度提高了2倍,噪声得到了有效抑制,视觉效果明显改善。     

基于TV-泊松奇异积分联合先验模型的图像重构

目的针对当前图像重构算法容易产生过渡平滑图像纹理区域,使复原图像丢失大量纹理,降低重构图像视觉质量等缺陷,提出TV-泊松奇异积分联合先验模型耦合贝叶斯推理的图像重构算法。方法引入配分函数,结合TV函数,构造TV图像先验。定义泊松奇异积分先验,并将其嵌入到TV先验中,设计一种联合先验模型,控制图像纹理平滑度。基于高阶统计量技术,完善图像退化模型,并耦合先验模型,生成重构图像的最大后验估计MAP。引入优化最小原则,求解MAP,完成贝叶斯推理,获取重构图像。对文中算法复原图像纹理的关键参数进行优化,并研究分析该算法的用户响应。结果与当前图像重构算法相比,文中算法的复原视觉质量更高,能够较好地平衡噪声与纹理。在图像退化程度较大时,文中算法具有良好的用户响应。结论文中算法能够较好地同步保持图像边缘与纹理。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.