基于FPGA的电视图像识别跟踪系统的设计和实现

提出一种基于FPGA的电视图像识别跟踪系统的硬件总体方案。阐述系统各关键模块的工作原理及功能的实现过程;运用FPGA实现一种改进型的中值滤波算法,有效且较快的实现图像的预处理,提高系统的实时性。     

智能天线移动台端实时发送系统的设计

探讨了智能天线的基本理论, 介绍了采用高速可编程逻辑器件 FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)的智能天线移动台端实时发送模块的设计与实现, 由于只采用 DSP 实现信号处理不能满足数据的实时生成与发送, 所以本系统采用 DSP FPGA 的硬件结构, 将一些原本由 DSP 执行得很耗时的运算用 FPGA 通过逻辑门的方式并行实现, 保证了数据的实时生成和发送.     

基于FPGA的通信信号数字滤波技术

在简单介绍FPGA技术的基础上,主要就通信信号的高效滤波技术的FPGA实现进行较为详细的论述,其中主要是信号滤波的FPGA实现基本方法。     

基于FPGA＋多DSP的JPEG2000星载遥感图像压缩实现方案

为了满足星载遥感图像压缩的实时性需求,以及最大程度地发挥硬件功效,提出了一种高效的JPEG2000星载遥感图像压缩实现方案.借助流水线和SPMD(Single Program Multiple Data)并行思想,建立了JPEG2000压缩算法实现方案的体系结构,并搭建了基于FPGA和4 DSP的硬件平台.FPGA与4个DSP以独立方式通过EMIF接口相连,数据传输基于抢先式控制;为了便于对DSP调试和管理,4个DSP的仿真接口串成JTAG链结构;为了降低硬件复杂度以及加快DSP的引导速度,设计了HPI并行引导方法.     

FPGA软硬件协同处理实时图像处理系统

基于PC机图像处理系统实时性不强,DSP+FPGA图像处理系统的成本高、资源利用率低,单纯使用FPGA硬件实现的图像算法类型较为单一,针对这一系列问题,提出了一种基于FPGA软硬件协同处理的实时图像处理系统.采用一片FPGA芯片作为系统的核心,利用CCD相机等采集图像,通过SSRAM将图像缓存,以SOPC为控制核心,协调软硬件共同进行图像处理.易于使用硬件实现的图像处理模块(如滤波、形态学算法、图像校正、边缘检测等)均使用Verilog HDL语言实现,通过SOPC控制这些图像处理模块,实现相应的图像处理功能;而硬件难于实现的部分(如流程控制、复杂的分支判断)则使用SOPC中的CPU来实现.实验表明,系统卖时性强、图像处理速度快、可进行复杂图像算法的运算,同时具有设计简单、应用灵活、成本低的特点.     

A particle filter algorithm based on gray forecast

针对标准粒子滤波(SPF)算法在目标机动时跟踪滤波性能不高的问题,引入灰色预测理论,提出了一种基于灰色预测的粒子滤波(PFGF)算法,给出了算法的具体描述和运算流程.当预先建立的状态模型不再适用于目标的真实运动状态时,该方法具有良好的预估性能,减少了对事先假定目标状态模型的依赖性.与SPF方法进行了蒙特卡洛仿真比较分析,实验结果证明,PFGF算法在不增加计算复杂度的情况下,提高了跟踪精度,能够很好地克服粒子退化现象.     

基于分段重叠零相位滤波的阶比跟踪滤波法

提出了一种用零相位数字滤波实现旋转机械阶比跟踪滤波的新方法，和传统的以硬件实现阶比跟踪滤波方法相比，该方法有无需跟踪滤波硬件、用纯软件的方法实现和对原始采样信号不产生相位移动等优点。在讨论了这一方法的理论依据和算法后，提出了数据分段重叠滤波方法．有效地抑制了一般分段数字滤波产生的边缘效应。仿真试验验证了此方法的正确性和有效性。     

一种2 Gbps的多数据包透明传输机制

基于模块化设计方法对RocketIO发送器的吉比特数据发送策略进行了深入研究,提出了一种速率为2Gbps的多数据包透明传输的机制.根据此机制,仅配置3个包格式寄存器则可实现对RAM内数据以任意要求的格式发送,从而解决了利用RocketIO发送数据固有的可升级性差的问题.该透明发送机制展示出其运用Verilog HDL高级语言的设计思想,以及升级性好、复杂度低、实现简单的优点.该方案已在Xilinx公司的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)器件XC2VP20上得到了实现 ,验证了基于这一发送机制的设计方法的有效性和可行性. 该研究对其它高速串行数据传输标准具有广泛的应用价值.     

基于高斯光斑的相关HS波前斜率处理器

大规模自适应光学系统要求哈特曼-夏克波前传感器的子孔径数目巨大,这势必会增加波前斜率提取电路实现的难度.为了在大规模自适应光学系统中进行波前斜率提取,提出了一种相关算法的实现结构,以高斯光斑作为参考模板,通过两次级联滤波完成子孔径光斑之间的相关运算,并得到局部波前斜率.与多通道并行处理的实现结构相比,本文所提出的结构实现的硬件成本不会随着子孔径规模的增大而显著增加,特别适用于大规模自适应光学系统的波前斜率提取.实验结果表明:对于8×8方形排布的哈特曼-夏克波前传感器图像,本文的结构用FPGA内实现,在27 MHz的工作频率下,完成一帧所有子孔径斜率计算的延迟为1.2 μs,均方根误差小于0.02个像素,最大误差不超过0.04个像素,而资源消耗仅仅为925个Slices.本结构能够满足大规模自适应光学系统中波前斜率探测高速实时和高精度要求.     

天文图像序列中弱目标的实时检测算法

针对天文图像中运动弱小目标的检测问题,在分析天文CCD图像特点的基础上,根据待检测目标运动状态的不同,提出:1)在检测动目标时,对基于图像对称差分运算方法进行了改进,改进后的方法性能优于图像差分法,且硬件实现容易。该方法以连续三帧序列图像为一组处理对象,在进行绝对差运算之前,对图像进行对比度增强及均值滤波;2)使用形态学滤波的方法实现单帧静止多目标的检测,该方法采用top-hat算子完成背景的估计与目标的检测。为了实时实现所提出的动目标及静止目标的检测算法,设计了DSP FPGA硬件架构方案,并进行了外场实验。实验的结果表明,检测算法在硬件加速的情况下可以实时有效地检测到SNR≈2的弱小目标,并可以同时实时保存原始图像数据。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.