冷板冷藏车故障分析及维修保养

冷板冷藏车是食品配送的主要工具。冷板冷藏车出现故障,导致制冷机组不工作或是制冷量不足,使货箱温度达不到标准,将直接关系到所运送食品的安全问题。因此冷板冷藏车的维修及保养非常重要。本文对某公司2辆使用不同制冷剂的冷板冷藏车进行了详细的故障原因分析,并对冷板冷藏车的维修及保养进行了探讨。     

我国冷藏车发展概况及前景

分析了我国食品冷藏链的现状,介绍了冷藏车的发展概况,提出了发展我国冷藏车的建议,其对我国冷藏车的设计与运行管理具有一定的参考价值。     

解决方案之冷链系统测试案例

<正>案例1:为顺丰速运有限公司开展冷藏车检测业务冷藏车是用来运输冷冻或保鲜货物的封闭式运输车,是安装有制冷装置和聚氨酯隔热厢的冷藏专用运输汽车,常用于运输冷冻食品(冷冻车)、奶制品(奶品运输车)、蔬菜水果(鲜货运输车)、冷藏药品(医药、疫苗运输车)等。冷藏车是冷链物流的重要一环,是衡量国家冷链发展水平的重要指标之一。目前,顺丰冷运自有冷藏车497辆,其中,270辆食品冷藏车、227辆医药     

冷藏车操作方法的研究

冷藏车是低温冷链物流中的一个重要环节的关键设备。正确的操作方法可使冷藏车在冷藏运输过程中工作可靠、性能发挥稳定,是保证易腐、保鲜食品在运输过程中的安全性的关键环节,还可以使制冷机组达到节能的效果。本文详细的论述了冷藏车的操作方法。     

冷冻冷藏

<正>《道路运输食品冷藏车应用选型技术规范》审查会召开10月13日,由全国物流标准化技术委员会组织的《道路运输食品冷藏车应用选型技术规范》行业标准(计划批准文号:发改办经贸[2012]3133号)审查会在北京召开。标准制定后对冷藏车市场的规范起到进一步引导作用。相关人士表示,在冷链物流产业快速发展的     

冷冻冷藏

<正>冷藏车最新国家标准7月1日正式实施冷藏车最新国标《道路运输、食品与生物制品冷藏车安全要求及试验方法》(标准号:GB29753—2013)已于2015年7月1日开始实施。新国标根据冷藏车厢体内可以达到并且保持的温度进行分类,以保证不同用途和要求的货物运输安全。这也是我国冷藏车制造标准中首次按厢体内可以达到的温度对冷藏车进行分类。据了解,冷藏车的分级有A到H共8个级别。如冷冻肉类、蔬菜水果类因对温度要求不同需要采用不同级别的冷藏车。     

蓄冷技术在食品冷链物流中的研究进展

目的 研究蓄冷技术在食品冷链物流中的应用进展, 提出仍需解决的问题。方法 综述了蓄冷技术应用于蓄冷板冷藏车、 蓄冷型保温运输箱、 控温包装、 低温仓储冷库等领域的研究进展, 同时对食品冷链用蓄冷剂的相变温度、 相变潜热、 用量等相关参数及其与微胶囊等技术的复合研究进行了论述。结果 蓄冷技术在食品冷链的各环节中都具有广泛的应用背景和节能潜力。结论 蓄冷材料本身、 蓄冷板冷藏车、 蓄冷式多温共配技术等是今后蓄冷技术在食品冷链物流中应用的研究方向。     

蒸发温度自动调节技术及其在冷藏车上的应用

针对现有食品冷藏车由于蒸发温度不可自动调节而导致冷鲜果蔬结冰、冻伤和脱水等问题,提出一种蒸发温度可以根据设定温度自动调节的解决方案,其通过改变膨胀阀流量实现不同的蒸发温度.具备蒸发温度可以自动调节制冷系统的冷藏车,不但高效节能,还可以从根本上解决一车多用和一车多温的问题,降低油耗和排放.     

冷藏车开门时车内温湿度变化实验研究

配送过程中冷藏车开门时的热质交换会引起车内空气温湿度的剧烈变化,这使得食品的品质难以得到保证.针对目前冷藏车开门卸货时存在的一些问题,进行了对比实验,对不同条件下的车内温度、相对湿度变化进行了分析,得出在开门时长一定的情况下车厢内外空气温差是影响车内温升的主要因素,采用PVC门帘可以有效地抑制车内温度升高,一定程度上保证食品安全.     

公路冷藏车技术的研究进展

近年来,随着我国国民对食品质量和安全的关注度逐渐提高,以及电商和物流行业的飞快发展,均对冷藏车的发展提出了更高的要求。本文首先介绍了冷藏车的发展历程,分析了其应用现状,并重点关注了冷藏车制冷机组的动力来源、制冷方式和厢体的温度场分布3个方面的研究现状。最后基于公路冷藏车发展的现状,指出了我国冷藏车节能高效、清洁可持续、信息化的发展方向,对冷藏车未来的研究与开发工作具有一定的参考价值。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.