光滑逼近超完备稀疏表示的图像超分辨率重构

为改善单帧降质图像的分辨率水平,提出了一种新的基于稀疏表示的学习法超分辨率图像重构方法。针对信号在既定的欠定超完备字典下的非稀疏性问题,采用光滑的递减函数逼近L0范数以避免对稀疏度先验的依赖,从而实现待重构图像块的有效稀疏表示,同时通过梯度下降的迭代优化获得稳定的收敛解。与双立方插值相比,图像的三倍超分辨实验显示,图像峰值信噪比(PSNR)提高2dB,框架相似性(SSIM)改善0.04,重构图像剔除了更多的模糊退化及边缘伪迹。该方法适于单帧降质图像的超分辨率增强。     

基于l_(2,p)-范数的ECT图像重建算法

针对电容层析成像系统图像重建过程中Tiknonov正则化解过度光滑引起的重建图像细节信息丢失问题,引入l_(2,p)(0p≤1)的混合范数作为正则化算法的数据项和正则化项。混合范数l_(2,p)利用了欧氏范数l_2的光滑性和分数范数l_p(0p≤1)的稀疏性,不仅比范数L_(2,1)具有更好的联合稀疏性,对噪声的抗干扰性也更强,进而针对l_(2,p)矩阵范数的非凸、非Lipschitz连续问题提出一种新的电容层析成像图像重建模型。实验结果表明,基于矩阵混合范数l_(2,p)极小化优化模型的正则化算法相比牛顿迭代、奇异值分解、共轭梯度算法具有更强的适应性,更高的图像分辨率及更好的成像质量。     

基于谱直方图表示和支持向量机的纹理分类

在纹理分类中采用谱直方图表示(SHR),每个图像窗表示一个包含滤波后图像直方图的特征向量,而直方图是图像谱表示的连接桥梁.在滤波器选择算法之前,结合每个图像分块和滤波器的独立谱表示和直方图,可以获得更加低层的局部特征.最后,时所有独立滤波器采用滤波器选择算法来得到所需的少量滤波器.为了保证分类的可靠性,选择高斯径向基函数(RBF)进行谱直方图表示,采用支持向量机(SVMs)作为分类函数.对本文方法和其它两种方法:Gabor滤波和独立成分分析(ICA)进行了纹理分类和脸部识别的比较实验.实验结果表明,本文方法具有更高的分类准确性,也证明了SVMs优秀的泛化能力.     

基于核竞争学习算法的图像特征提取

利用核函数学习可有效解决图像特征线性不可分的特性,结合稀疏表示算法的优势,提出了一种新的图像特征提取方法。采用基于竞争学习规则的独立分量分析法对图像进行稀疏表示,该算法可提取数据的高维特征,且不需要优化高阶的非线性函数和进行稀疏密度估计,因而有较快的收敛速度。与仅使用基于竞争学习的独立分量分析法相比,在PolyU数据库上的实验结果表明,采用基于核函数学习和稀疏表示相结合的方法所提取的数据特征有利于提高特征分类精度。     

融合2D-PCA及稀疏表示的掌纹识别方法

提出一种基于稀疏表示的掌纹识别方法,该方法借鉴二维主成分分析(PCA)良好的数据压缩属性和较快的特征提取速度,生成掌纹特征图像.二维PCA不仅克服了一维PCA数据维数过大不易计算的缺点,而且保留了原始图像的数据结构,提取的特征能更好的代表原始图像.为了便于稀疏表达,对提取的掌纹特征图像利用一维主成分分析进行二次特征提取,得到训练样本.虽然此处使用了一维PCA,但是由于这是二次特征提取,提取的特征还是保留了原始图像的数据结构,相比单纯的一维PCA,提高了识别率.利用训练样本构造出冗余字典,并采用稀疏表示理论将测试样本表示为字典原子的线性组合,然后根据表示系数的稀疏性与稀疏集中度实现分类识别.由于该方法利用了表达系数的稀疏性,因此减小了算法的时间和空间复杂度.实验表明,针对香港理工大学的MSpalmprints Database,本文方法的识别率较传统方法有明显提高.     

基于相似性函数的稀疏成分分析混合矩阵估计方法

稀疏成分分析是信号处理中解决欠定盲源分离问题的新方法,本文研究了稀疏成分分析中的混合矩阵估计问题,提出了无需预知源个数利用一种相似性函数估计混合矩阵的方法。首先,估计相似性函数中的核参数,使得算法适应不同的稀疏信号。然后,给出了估计混合矩阵的不动点算法。最后,实验结果表明提出的算法通过适当地选取参数,能够准确有效地估计出具有不同源个数的混合矩阵,对不太稀疏的源也有令人满意的结果。     

泊松噪声下图像去模糊的几个非凸模型（英文）

图像复原中通常假设图像在梯度域上是稀疏的,而非凸正则化方法会更加促进稀疏性.本文基于近年出现的几类非凸正则项,提出了泊松噪声下图像去模糊问题的几个非凸模型,发展了相应的高效求解算法,并研究了算法的收敛性;数值实验表明所提出的非凸模型可以增强图像在梯度域上的稀疏性,并优于一些现有的方法.     

基于改进半阈值迭代算法的ECT图像重建

针对电容层析成像逆问题求解存在病态性和欠定性的问题,将压缩感知理论应用到成像过程中缓解其欠定性。首先将初始信号稀疏化处理,其次基于高斯随机阵对灵敏度矩阵的各行重新排列,随后进行奇异值分解得到了列独立性更高的观测矩阵。最后将基于l1/2-范数的半阈值迭代算法引入到ECT成像过程中,并在罚函数中加入l2-范数的约束项,通过改进的半阈值迭代算法进行求解。仿真实验表明,该算法有效地降低了图像误差,并兼顾了成像速度,在ECT成像过程中具有良好的性能。     

基于范数与范数均值比较的印刷防伪水印算法

现有印刷防伪水印算法在原始图像中嵌入水印,其不可见性有待改进,而且缺乏对抵抗二次打印-扫描的研究.针对这些问题,本文利用范数与范数均值比较提出一种印刷品防伪水印算法.算法对原始图像进行离散小波变换,将小波低频逼近子带分割成互不重叠的子块,对每个子块进行奇异值分解,判断各个子块的奇异值矩阵范数与所有子块奇异值矩阵范数的均...     

独立分量分析的图像融合算法

独立分量分析可实现图像的稀疏编码并具有能很好地捕捉图像重要边缘信息的特性.本文提出一种基于独立分量分析的图像融合算法,结合支持向量机对多聚焦图像的清晰域、模糊域进行判断以及在ICA域中进行图像分割以提取图像的主要边缘特征信息来实现特征级的多聚焦图像的融合.实验结果表明,本文提出的融合算法是有效的.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.