基于GPU的图像处理并行算法研究

针对目前图像处理算法日益复杂,对CPU的性能要求越来越高,而传统的基于CPU的图像处理方法无法满足需求的情况,本文对基于统一计算设备架构(CUDA)的图形处理器(GPU)在图形处理方面的算法进行研究和实现。通过充分利用GPU突出的并行处理能力,采用CUDA技术,利用C++语言实现相关算法。研究并设计高斯模糊处理算法、彩色负片处理算法、透明合并处理算法的GPU并行运算流程,并通过与CPU实现相同效果的性能的对比,证明基于GPU图像处理算法的高效性。     

基于GPU的视频流拼接算法研究

为解决视频流的稳定实时拼接,结合图形处理器GPU强大的并行计算能力,提出了一种基于GPU的视频流拼接算法.提取视频流的帧图像,利用尺度不变特征变换(scale invariant feature transform,SIFT)算法在GPU上实现帧图像的特征提取与匹配,实现图像拼接,进而实现视频流的稳定实时拼接.基于GPU的SIFT算法充分利用了GPU的并行处理能力,加快了视频流拼接算法执行的速度,真正意义上实现了几个差异较大但具有公共视野的视频流快速稳定的拼接.     

序列图像的非局部均值超分辨率重建算法及GPU实现

针对序列图像超分辨率重建非局部均值(Non-Local Means, NLM)算法重建结果图像边缘区域过平滑的问题,提出了一种局部参数自适应改进方法,首先将整幅图像划分为图像子块,然后根据图像子块平均像素信息计算出其对应的滤波参数, 这样有助于减少因整幅图像使用统一滤波参数而导致的某些高频信息的丢失。实验结果表明,和经典NLM重构算法相比,改进算法重建出的结果图像的轮廓边缘更清晰,字符辨识度更高;在算法实现方面,图像重构程序在CPU/GPU平台上实现,使用GPU并行化加速的程序比单CPU运算的程序,加速比最高可达到30倍,显著缩短重构程序计算时间,提高了该图像超分辨率重建算法应用于实际场所的可能性。     

基于GPU的特征点提取与匹配算法比较

判断一种算法的GPU实现是否和CPU实现一样可靠、算法的GPU实现是否能够被安全地使用,是GPU实现能否进一步推广的关键问题.文中以SIFT和KD树搜索这2个被广泛使用的算法为例,对其GPU实现和CPU实现进行了系统的实验分析和比较测试.此外,针对高分辨率图像,给出了基于GPU的SIFT算法和KD树搜索算法的设计与实现.实验结果表明,基于GPU的实现和CPU的实现能提取出95％左右的相似特征点;2种算法实现的特征点重复率和匹配率相当,但GPU实现可获得高达13X(特征提取)和43X(特征匹配)的加速比,因此基于GPU的实现在具体应用中完全可以被安全地使用.     

基于GPU平台的联合迭代重构算法加速

电子断层三维重构技术(Electron Tomography,ET)是在纳米尺度下研究不具有全同性的细胞或大分子三维结构的重要方法。迭代重构法是ET中重构效果最好的方法,但是其性能较差,重构大尺寸图像时需要数天的时间甚至更长,使其应用受到限制。迭代重构法中经典的方法是代数重构法(Algebraic Reconstruction Technique,ART)和联合迭代重构法(Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique,SIRT),SIRT算法总是收敛的并且比ART重构的效果更好。利用CUDA语言设计和实现了基于Tesla C1060GPU平台上的并行SIRT重构算法,并利用存储器合并访问、常量存储器、共享存储器等优化技术对并行算法进行优化,优化后的SIRT并行算法在Tesla C1060GPU平台上的最大加速比是Intel i7 920CPU上的串行算法的47倍,并且重构的质量没有任何下降。     

基于超分辨率和深度神经网络的车型识别

车型识别在视频监控系统中起着关键作用,文中利用深度神经网络和超分辨率来实现交通监控中的车型识别。利用深度卷积神经网络CaffeNet,并采用先进的深度学习框架CAFFE和具有强大计算能力的GPU来完成对车辆的车型识别。在图像预处理阶段,采用一种基于深度学习和稀疏表示的图像超分辨率(SR)重构算法,来增强图像的细节信息。其中首先基于深度学习模型自编码器,提出一种改进模型非负稀疏去噪自编码器(Nonnegative Sparse Denoising Auto-Encoders,NSDAE)来实现字典的联合学习,然后基于稀疏表示实现车辆图像的超分辨率重构。经实验验证,在加入超分辨率处理之后,车型识别效果在精确度上得到了明显的提升。     

基于GPU的多分辨率体数据重构和渲染

基于小波变换的多分辨率压缩算法能够获得很高的压缩比,因而被广泛地用于压缩体数据.针对这种压缩策略,研究基于GPU的数据重构的方法,可以只从CPU向GPU传输少量的压缩数据,从而提高数据传输效率.因为好的数据结构是实现基于GPU的重构算法的关键,所以文中提出适合使用矩形纹理表示的数据结构--Nested Tileboard;然后给出基于该数据结构在GPU上实现多分辨率重构的方法,使用Nested Tileboard保存中间数据及重构结果;还提出了基于Nested Tileboard的多分辨率体绘制方法,直接对重构数据进行体绘制,从而实现数据重构和体绘制的无缝连接.     

GPU加速的物体空间线绘制算法

提出一种网格模型线绘制的GPU加速算法,其在物体空间进行计算,避免了图像空间计算的不连续性.提出了GPU加速物体空间线绘制的通用算法框架,理论上对任何特征线定义均可以按照该框架实现GPU加速的特征线绘制;基于该框架,实现了轮廓线与光极线(photic extremum lines,PEL)2种特征线的GPU加速绘制.实...     

基于GPU的图片特征提取与检测

针对目前高速网络中图像数目多、分辨率大、普通PC机上的检测方法对图片检测达不到实时性的问题,提出了一种基于GPU的快速图片检测方案。该方案分别采用SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features,加速鲁棒特征)算法和SVM(Support Vector Machine,支持向量机)算法对图像进行特征提取和特征分类,并利用GPU浮点运算的并行性来优化系统。最后实验证实,相对于普通PC机上实现的方案,使用GPU的检测速度提升5到9倍。     

基于图形处理器加速的医学图像配准技术进展

针对目前医学图像配准技术无法满足临床实时性需求问题,对基于图形处理器(GPU)加速的医学图像配准技术进行综述探讨。首先对GPU通用计算进行概述,再以医学图像配准基本框架为主线,对近年来基于GPU加速的医学图像配准技术在国内外发展现状进行深入研究,并针对正电子发射型计算机断层显像(PET)和电子计算机断层扫描(CT)数据的非线性配准问题,分别基于中央处理器(CPU)和GPU平台进行配准实验,通过实验结果的对比,体现GPU加速配准技术的优越性。基于GPU加速的自由形变(FFD)和归一化互信息(NMI)结合的非线性配准方法配准后互信息值略低于CPU平台的配准结果,但其配准速度是CPU平台的12倍。基于GPU加速的配准算法在保持配准精度的基础上,配准速度都得到了很大的提升。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.