猪殃殃中绿原酸的薄层色谱鉴别及扫描

建立猪殃殃中绿原酸的薄层色谱鉴别方法。猪殃殃药材经醇提,以绿原酸为对照品,以乙酸乙酯∶甲酸∶水(14∶1∶1)为展开剂,显色剂为2%Fecl3溶液。结果:甲醇作溶剂提取猪殃殃中绿原酸时所得Rf值与绿原酸对照品Rf值基本保持一致,呈亮黄色斑点。可快速,准确地对猪殃殃中绿原酸进行鉴定。     

高效液相法色谱法测定猪殃殃中绿原酸含量

建立了猪殃殃中绿原酸含量的HPLC测定方法。色谱柱为Diamonsil C185μm(250 mm×4.6 mm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-0.04%磷酸(23∶77);检测波长为324 nm;流速为1 m L/min;进样量为20μL;柱温25℃。经方法学考察,该方法线性关系、精密度、重现性和稳定性好。可快速、准确用于猪殃殃中绿原酸的含量测定。     

高效液相法色谱法测定猪殃殃中绿原酸含量

建立了猪殃殃中绿原酸含量的HPLC测定方法。色谱柱为Diamonsil C185μm（250 mm×4.6 mm）色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-0.04％磷酸（23：77）;检测波长为324 nm;流速为1 mL/min;进样量为20μL;柱温25℃。经方法学考察,该方法线性关系、精密度、重现性和稳定性好。可快速、准确用于猪殃殃中绿原酸的含量测定。     

提取条件对茵陈中绿原酸提取率的影响

为了考察茵陈药材中绿原酸提取率的影响因素,利用紫外分光光度法测定不同提取条件下茵陈药材水提液、醇提液中绿原酸的含量,比较含量变化,发现50%的乙醇溶液,60℃提取2 h,绿原酸的提取率最高,证明茵陈中绿原酸的提取率主要受温度和乙醇浓度的影响.     

提取条件对菌陈中绿原酸提取率的影响

为了考察菌陈药材中绿原酸提取率的影响因素，利用紫外分光光度法测定不同提取条件下菌陈药材水提液、醇提液中绿原酸的含量，比较含量变化，发现50％的乙醇溶液，60℃提取2h，绿原酸的提取率最高，证明菌陈中绿原酸的提取率主要受温度和乙醇浓度的影响。     

高效液相色谱法测定萹蓄中绿原酸含量

建立了高效液相色谱测定萹蓄药材中绿原酸含量的方法,为萹蓄的合理质量控制提供依据。用伊力特Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-水(12∶88,V∶V),检测波长325 nm。结果显示绿原酸在0.125~1.25 mg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9995(n=6),加样回收率101.0%,RSD=1.62%(n=6);3批萹蓄药材中绿原酸的含量为0.11~0.19 mg/g。绿原酸为萹蓄药材中的特征活性成分,所建立的含测方法操作简便,结果可靠,可作为萹蓄药材质量控制的指标性成分之一。     

不同产地杜仲药材中重金属含量测定

对20个不同产地杜仲药材中重金属元素Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cu含量进行测定和分析。方法:采用微波消解法对样品进行处理,通过原子吸收分光光度计和原子荧光光度计测定重金属含量。结果:不同产地杜仲药材中重金属含量有一定差异,所有药材中都检出重金属,但均符合中国药典有关规定。杜仲药材中重金属的测定结果为其质量评价的进一步完善提供科学依据。     

金银花中绿原酸防晒作用研究

考察了金银花中绿原酸的紫外吸收性能、光照稳定性、酸碱稳定性及其防晒产品的防晒性能。结果显示,金银花提取物在280~350 nm内具有良好的紫外吸收性能。绿原酸具有光化学活性,发生光降解反应,提取物溶液中绿原酸的保留率随光照时间的延长而降低,光照8 h提取物溶液中绿原酸的保留率为85.6%。在pH=3~7时绿原酸相对稳定。金银花防晒霜体外评价SPF值与金银花提取物中绿原酸含量有关,防晒霜中绿原酸质量分数达2.15%时SPF值为15。     

高效液相色谱法测定向日葵花盘中绿原酸含量

建立了向日葵花盘中药用成分绿原酸的高效液相色谱(HPLC)定量分析方法。色谱柱:Agilent XDB C18(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm);流动相:乙腈:0.1%磷酸(11∶89);流速:0.5 mL/min;检测波长:328 nm。通过测定,向日葵花盘中绿原酸含量为0.227%。方法精密度RSD为0.13%,重复性良好,平均回收率为102.69%,绿原酸浓度在0.67～67μg/mL呈良好线性关系,r=0.99998。该方法稳定、可靠,可作为该药材的质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定不同产地杜仲叶的绿原酸含量

目的建立杜仲叶中绿原酸的高效液相含量测定方法,并用此方法测定不同产地的杜仲叶绿原酸含量,以控制其质量。方法Elite HypersilC18柱,以乙腈-0.4%磷酸(8:92)为流动相,检测波长327nm,流速0.8mL/min,柱温30℃,进样体积10μL。结果各组分达到基线分离,绿原酸在0.04-1.07μg范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数为r=0.9999,平均加样回收率为100.2%,表明该法适用于杜仲叶的绿原酸含量测定。采用该法对7种不同产地的杜仲叶进行绿原酸的含量测定。结果表明贵州遵义产杜仲叶绿原酸含量较高,湖南张家界产杜仲叶绿原酸含量较低。结论本方法快速、准确、重现性好,可用于杜仲叶中绿原酸的含量测定。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。