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分别以NaCl、KCl、MgCl2、CaCl2和AlCl3溶液为背景电解质液,测定了聚砜中空纤维超率膜(截留分子量为6k)的流动电位、膜渗透性、离子截留率及pH值差(pH渗透液-pH截留液),并考察pH值对这些参数的影响;在此基础上,研究不同pH环境中离子混合溶液的超滤行为,并与单一溶液进行比较。 相似文献
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对含硫砷难选矿烧渣酸浸氰化提金进行了试验。通过稀酸浸出除砷正交试验,得出酸浸液种类是影响除砷效果最关键的因素,最优工艺参数是酸浸时间为60 min,固液比约1∶2,酸浸温度为20℃,酸浸液种类为5%硫酸。通过强化酸浸提高金浸出率正交试验,得出酸浸温度是影响金浸出率最关键的因素,最优工艺参数是:硫酸浓度65%,矿酸比1∶2,酸浸温度95℃,酸浸时间4 h。通过强化酸浸液除铁探索性试验,有效地提取了酸浸液中的铁,得出单程试验FeSO4·7H2O结晶的收率达到83.01%,其中砷含量为0.03%,经一次洗涤后可降到0.006%。 相似文献
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生产硫酸钾的工艺有多种 ,论述了采用高沸点有机溶剂制硫酸钾的新工艺 ;氯化钾与硫酸反应 ,制得硫酸氢钾和氯化氢气体 ;然后将硫酸氢钾和适量的氯化钾溶于水 ,再加入一种高沸点有机溶剂 ,生成K2 SO4 结晶和盐酸溶液 ;K2 SO4 结晶干燥后即为产品硫酸钾 ,含有机溶剂的盐酸溶液经蒸馏 ,分离水和HCl并生成稀盐酸后 ,高沸点有机溶剂返回系统重复使用 ;稀盐酸吸收HCl气体得副产品盐酸。研究了各种因素对产品质量的影响 ,并提出了主要的工艺条件 ,认为该工艺的能耗低 ,对材质无特殊要求 ,装置比较简单 ,提资较少 ,经济效益较好。 相似文献
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在搅拌鼓泡反应器中进行胺法制碱的碳化试验,探讨了盐水中其它物质:CaCl2,MgCl2,KCl,Na2SO4,CaCO3,MgCO3对NaCl溶液碳化的影响,其碳化能力顺序为:CaCl2>MgCl2>NaCl>KCl.考察了温度对海盐溶液与纯氯化钠溶液碳化和重碱粒度的影响。讨论了硅油消除液液两相界面气泡的可能性,从而提出了胺法制碱中必须去除Ca^2 和Mg^2 。 相似文献
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PH对荷电有机超滤膜处理金属离子溶液的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别以NaCl、KCl、MgCl2、CaCl2和AlCl3溶液为背景电解质液,测定了聚砜中空纤维超率膜(截留分子量为6k)的流动电位、膜渗透性、离子截留率及pH值差(pH渗透液-PH截留液),并考察pH值对这些参数的影响;在此基础上,研究不同pH环境中离子混合溶液的超滤行为,并与单一溶液进行比较.结果表明,膜渗透性、离子截留率及pH差均与膜的流动电位有关,混合溶液较单一溶液的离子传递特性有一定程度的变化. 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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醋酸纤维素取代基分布与性质的关系 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
分析了以吡啶为溶剂的醋酸纤维素的13C-NMR核磁共振谱,得出了三种不同位置羟基的取代度。结合X—射线和DSC分析,初步说明具有相同取代度但未经水解和经过水解的醋酸纤维素(CA) 性质上的差异是由于三个羟基上的取代度分布不同及消晶程度差异所致。 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTIONBecause of importance of equations of state (EOS)in science and industry,hundreds forms of EOS havebeen presented since latter 19th century.It seems impossible to develop a general equation covering vari-ous kinds of EOS.But for cubic EOS,several generalequations have been reported already. Martin presented the first general equation whichis following p=RT/V-α(T)/(υ β)(υ γ) δ(T)/υ(υ β)(υ γ) (1) Kumar et a1.presented an equation called the most general form of a density-cubic or, alterna tively,volume-cubic mathematical equation,the form of which is as follows 相似文献