基于DWT-IRLS的压缩感知图像融合

基于压缩感知的图像融合属于像素级层次的图像融合。传统的DWT压缩感知图像融合研究对象是整个稀疏系数,但小波系数中低频系数并非稀疏,因此影响融合质量。针对此,提出一种基于DWT-IRLS的压缩感知图像融合。首先对图像进行DWT转换,针对高频系数采样测量;然后对高频系数和低频系数进行融合,并且引入迭代权重最小二乘法(IRLS)算法,重构高频系数;最后经DWT逆转换,得到融合图像。实验证明:通过4个客观评价指标和主观评价对比,2组实验融合效果均得到提高。此方法在一定程度上可提高图像融合效果,具有一定的实用价值。     

基于NSCT与DWT的压缩感知图像融合

针对基于非下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)的压缩感知图像融合算法,存在融合图像局部细节信息表达不足的问题,提出一种基于NSCT与离散小波变换(DWT)的压缩感知图像融合算法。首先,对图像进行NSCT变换,得到低频系数和高频系数;然后,对高频系数进行压缩融合,并通过重构算法恢复融合的高频系数;而对低频系数,采取基于小波变换的融合方法;最后,对融合的高频系数和低频系数进行NSCT逆变换,得到最终的融合图像。实验结果表明:本文算法使融合图像的质量,在主观和客观方面都得到了明显改善,最终的融合图像具有更多的细节特征和更清晰的边缘轮廓。     

自适应标准差特征的压缩感知图像融合

针对传统压缩域融合算法单一、融合效果不佳的问题,文中提出了结合图像高频特征的自适应融合规则。首先,对融合图像进行 NSCT变换,分解后得到的低频子带系数采用区域能量融合规则,以获取较传统低频系数处理更好的融合效果; 由于分解后的高频子带系数具有较高稀疏性,因此通过 CS 进行压缩后自适应选择融合规则,最后对重构系数进行 NSCT逆变换。实验结果表明：与传统经典算法相比,新方法兼顾了待融合图像的背景信息和红外目标信息,有效提高了图像的融合效果。     

基于Contourlet域分块压缩感知的图像融合

针对传统图像融合方法导致纹理细节丢失的现象,提出了一种基于抗混叠移不变Contourlet域的分块压缩感知（block-based compressed sensing,BCS）图像融合算法——Contourlet_BCS。把善于表达图像纹理及边缘信息的Contourlet变换引入了压缩感知稀疏表示中,同时对分解得到的低频系数采取加权的区域能量融合规则,高频系数采取基于广义高斯分布模型的加权融合规则进行图像系数融合,最后在压缩感知框架下利用带平滑处理的投影Landweber算法重构。实验结果表明,Contourlet_BCS融合效果优于传统方法,融合的图像纹理清晰,边缘细节信息更为丰富。     

基于NSST和CS的红外与可见光图像融合

针对红外与可见光图像需要实时融合的特点,提出一种降低算法复杂度的基于非降采样剪切波变换(Non-subsampled Shearlet Transform)和压缩感知域的红外与可见光图像融合算法。利用NSST算法对红外图像和可见光图像分别进行多尺度、多方向稀疏分解,分别得到低频系数和各带通方向子带系数。对低频子带系数采用基于目标特征的加权平均融合规则;压缩感知理论的测量矩阵采用哈达马阶快速沃尔什矩阵,对细节信息保留较多的各带通子带系数进行观测测量,得到更稀疏的各带通子带系数测量值,对此测量值采用基于区域方差选大的融合规则得到融合测量值,运用基于增广的拉格朗日乘子和交叠方向恢复算法对融合测量值进行重构得到近似精确的各带通子带融合系数,最后对低频子带融合系数和各带通方向子带融合系数执行NSST逆变换得到最终的融合图像。实验结果表明,该融合方法不仅可以保证融合清晰度,同时还可以缩短算法的运行时间。     

多层离散小波变换系数的稀疏向量构造的改进

融合离散小波变换和压缩感知的图像压缩方案很好避免了采用离散余弦变换和压缩感知时所带来的块效应,但当前基于单层离散小波变换的算法压缩比较低,基于多层离散小波变换的算法重构质量不佳。为了解决这些不足,根据离散小波变换系数的特点,对现有基于多层离散小波变换的算法提出了改进。图像经小波变换后,保留图像最高层低频系数,高频系数的构造方式给予适当改进。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,重构图像的PSNR值得到2～4 dB提高。     

基于多分辨率变换和压缩感知的肺癌PET/CT图像融合方法

针对移动医疗背景下医学图像融合信息交互的局限性问题,提出一种基于多分辨率变换NSCT和压缩感知理论的肺癌PET/CT图像融合算法.第一步,对源图像进行单层NSCT分解;第二步,通过分析PET和CT不同的成像机制和显像信息,对分解后具有较差稀疏性且主要集中源图像大部分能量的低频子带,采取高斯隶属度函数加权的融合规则,对主要呈现源图像细节信息的高频子带使用高斯随机矩阵进行压缩测量,选择基于平均梯度和区域能量的方法法对高频测量值进行融合;第三步,采取正交匹配追踪算法重构融合后的高频测量值;第四步,对低频融合图像和重构后的高频融合图像进行NSCT逆变换得到最终的融合图像;最后,对该算法进行了两方面的仿真实验:与其他压缩感知图像融合方法的比较以及与其他多分辨率图像融合方法的比较,实验结果表明,该算法是有效可行的.     

一种改进的基于区域梯度——能量的图像融合方法

针对区域梯度法、区域能量法重构图像峰值信噪比较低、均方根误差较高的现象,提出了一种改进的基于区域梯度-能量的压缩感知图像融合方法。该方法首先构造正交小波变换矩阵,并使用小波变换使图像稀疏化,然后采用哈达玛矩阵作为测量矩阵对稀疏信号进行测量得到测量值,分别计算测量值对应的梯度值及能量值,依据绝对值取大法及加权平均法对测量值进行融合,最后对融合后的测量值进行图像重构。实验结果表明,该方法比单独使用区域梯度法或区域能量法具有较好的图像融合效果。     

基于DWT-IRLS算法的超声断层成像方法研究

超声成像因非侵入式、成本低且实时性好而被广泛应用。超声系统需要大量的采集通道数据和较高的采样率来提高图像重建质量,导致成像耗时,系统复杂。压缩感知(compressed sensing, CS)算法能够在欠采样的条件下用较少的测量值重构出原始信号。因此,针对系统面临的采样率高,数据量大的问题,本文将CS理论中的DWT-IRLS算法应用在超声成像中,通过离散小波变换基(discrete wavelet transformation, DWT)对超声数据进行稀疏转换,对高低频系数进行采样测量,并使用迭代重加权最小二乘法(iterative reweighted least squares, IRLS)进行测量系数重构,最后对变换域系数进行DWT逆转换得到重建图像。通过实验分析,以50%原始数据重建图像效果逐渐趋于稳定,在均方误差和峰值信噪比方面进行对比分析,DWT-IRLS算法相比较于DWT-OMP、DWT-CoSamp和DCT-IRLS等重构算法,成像质量更高,细节特征更为明显。     

压缩感知图像融合

目前图像融合的方法大多数都是基于小波变换的图像融合方法,通过对小渡变换之后的低频系数和高频系数分别采用不同的融合准则,来达到所需要的图像以进行下一步处理,这些方法需要知道原始图像,也就是对硬件要求较高。采用压缩感知图像融合,即,将压缩感知用于图像融合,使得只知道原始图像在某个变换下的投影值的情况下,通过对已知的投影值使用融合规则得到融合后的投影值,然后用重构算法重构出图像,大大降低了对硬件的要求。在此给出了压缩感知融合方法与基于小波变换的图像融合方法的实验结果,融合结果表明,在不降低融合效果和视觉效果的基础上,该方法能够极大地降低硬件成本。采用熵作为衡量融合效果的指标,并对用两种方法融合的结果图像做了对比,研究结果表明,CS融合方法要优于基于小渡变换的图像融合方法。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.