一种降维的MIMO雷达MVDR波束形成算法

深入研究了多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO）雷达的波束形成问题,针对MIMO雷达直接运用常规的最小方差无失真响应（MVDR）波束形成算法时所需的训练样本数大和运算复杂度高的不足,提出了一种降维的MVDR波束形成算法。该算法首先将1个 维（ 分别为发射和接收阵元数）的权矢量分解成两个低维（1个 维和1个 维）权矢量的Kronecker积,然后分别利用MVDR算法求得分解后的两个权矢量,最后再合成原始的最佳权矢量。该算法通过将一个高维权矢量的求解问题转换成两个低维权矢量的分别求解问题,在保证波束形成器性能的基础上有效地降低了运算复杂度,减少了所需的训练样本数,因此本文算法更具有实际应用价值。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。      

机载MIMO雷达两级降维杂波抑制方法

该文针对机载MIMO雷达杂波抑制问题,提出一种低复杂度的空时自适应处理(STAP)方法。首先利用多普勒滤波对杂波信号进行时域降维处理;然后将空域发射-接收2维波束形成权向量表示成发射权和接收权的Kronecker积,并建立关于这两个权值的二元二次代价函数从而实现空域二次降维;最后提出最小化代价函数的双迭代算法,交替优化两个权值。仿真结果表明该算法收敛速度快,运算量小,尤其在小样本条件下其杂波抑制性能显著优于mDT方法。     

MIMO雷达双边约束自适应波束形成

提出基于虚拟阵列的MIMO雷达双边约束自适应波束形成算法.该算法将联合线性约束条件分解成两个线性约束条件的Kronecker积,分别计算接收和发射阵列的两组低维权值,并且从收、发阵列方向导向矢量间的映射关系出发,导出发射阵列权值的计算公式.与仅利用接收阵列的自适应波束形成算法相比,该算法在强干扰处的零值深度更深、角度分辨率更高;与联合约束自适应波束形成算法相比,计算的复杂度大大降低.仿真试验验证了算法的有效性.     

基于脉动阵的自适应波束形成算法仿真

为了满足自适应波束形成技术对实时性的要求,将脉动阵应用于波束形成算法中,以实现自适应权向量的实时获取.通过对QR分解采样矩阵求逆算法、混合型QR分解采样矩阵求逆算法和逆QR分解采样矩阵求逆算法的理论分析,利用脉动阵,对输入数据矩阵进行QR分解,得到旋转因子,实现自适应权向量的实时更新.针对三种算法各自的脉动阵进行仿真,结果表明,基于脉动阵的自适应波束形成算法实现了权向量的高速获取,并为后续的工程实践提供了理论依据.     

基于直接数据域方法的自适应多波束形成算法

提出一种基于直接数据域最小二乘方法的自适应多波束形成算法,包括前向计算、后向计算和前一后向计算.利用天线阵元输出复电压的单快拍数据构建矩阵方程,采用共轭梯度法求解得到阵列的自适应权值向量,从而在所有期望信号方向形成接收波束,同时在各干扰方向形成深零陷,使信干噪比显著提高.由于只需对单快拍数据进行处理,并且避免了样本协方差矩阵的构造及矩阵求逆运算,故计算复杂度较传统算法低.仿真结果表明,算法具有良好的期望信号恢复和干扰置零性能.因此,可适用于卫星通信和移动通信等领域的实时性处理.     

阵列内插的波束域ML米波雷达测高方法

针对多径环境下低仰角目标角度估计的最大似然(ML)算法运算量大的问题,提出了一种能有效降低运算复杂度的米波雷达测高方法一基于阵列内插的波束域ML算法.首先对大间距的均匀线阵进行等间隔内插,对波束域变换存在的角度模糊问题实现了解模糊;通过无模糊的波束域变换将阵元接收的数据合成为少数几个波束域的数据;利用波束域的ML算法估计目标的仰角并计算其高度.该算法在获得与传统的ML算法相当的测角和测高精度的同时,运算量仅为传统ML的25%.计算机仿真和某米波雷达实测数据的处理结果验证了该算法的有效性和可行性.     

极化域-空域联合的APES波束形成

为了进一步提高极化敏感阵列的滤波性能、得到更为稳定的波束图,将常规的幅度相位估计算法扩展到极化域-空域联合的自适应波束形成中,提出了一种新的波束形成算法SPAPES(Spatial-Polarization Amplitude and Phase Estimation)。首先,给出了算法的信号模型。然后,对所提出算法的滤波原理作了理论推导,得到了最优权向量的表达式。最后,通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。计算机仿真结果表明,在强期望信号功率、低采样快拍数的情况下,所提算法都可以很好地在空间-极化联合域中抑制干扰,同时该算法还具有对相干信号的解相干能力。     

机电扫描天线阵列接收信号调制效应分析

提出了一种新的单基地MIMO雷达波达方向(DOA)估计算法:降维Power-ESPRIT算法。该算法首先通过降维变换将MIMO雷达数据变换至低维信号空间,然后进行从复数域到实数域的转换,并在实数域上使用采样数据协方差矩阵的幂获得信号子空间的估计,最后构造实值旋转不变性方程估计目标的DOA。仿真结果表明,在低信噪比、低快拍数的环境下,该算法与已有ESPRIT方法相比,具有近似性能,却拥有较低的计算复杂度。该算法的计算复杂度是RD-ESPRIT的25%左右,是RD-UESPRIT的65%左右。     

一种快速的特征空间自适应波束形成算法

特征空间自适应波束形成（EBAB）算法的权向量是线性约束最小方差（LCMV）波束形成器的权向量在信号干扰子空间上的投影,因此需要计算量巨大的特征分解。基于信号干扰子空间投影矩阵可利用阵列协方差矩阵进行高精度的有理近似的思想,提出一种快速计算自适应权向量的算法。理论分析和计算机仿真表明,在信号干扰子空间维数已知时,该算法的性能同EBAB算法一致,同时该算法对子空间维数过估计不敏感。     

基于压缩感知的波束域DOA估计

针对传统波达方向角(DOA)估计算法需要大量采样数据从而导致较高计算复杂度的问题,基于压缩感知理论,利用目标信号空域稀疏性,提出一种基于波束域的多测量矢量欠定系统正则化聚焦求解DOA估计算法。该算法将压缩信号从阵元域映射至波束域,一定程度上克服了稀疏重构算法无法用于低信噪比情况下的缺陷。数值仿真表明,与传统的Capon,MUSIC和l1-SVD算法相比,所提算法可对相干信号进行有效DOA估计,具有较高角度分辨力和估计精度;与RMFOCUSS和l1-SVD算法相比,所提算法具有较低计算复杂度。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.