基于各向异性规整化的总变分盲复原算法研究

针对大气湍流退化图像复原问题，提出了一种基于各向异性和非线性规整化的总变分盲复原新算法，该算法主要结合图像和湍流点扩展函数的一些性质采用基于各向异性的空间自适应规整化处理，建立了具有非线性和空间各向异性的规整化函数，使其在恢复目标图像和估计点扩展函数时能自适应地进行梯度平滑。最后，通过交替最小化方案来极小化代价函数和通过定点迭代策略将非线性方程进行线性化处理，快速地估计点扩展函数和恢复图像。在微机上对数字模拟和实际退化图像进行了一系列恢复实验，验证了算法的有效性和稳健性。     

目标探测多波段图像统一复原及实验验证

为解决在目标探测过程中多波段图像的复原和清晰化问题,提出了一种实用新颖的可适用于弹/机/星载目标探测多波段图像的统一复原校正方法。该方法不需要知道退化方式和退化模型等先验知识,仅利用光谱图像的有效信息,构造关于点扩展函数的非负最小二乘空间平滑性约束的极小化准则函数,通过优化计算方法求解点扩展函数,利用非盲目图像复原方法得到清晰图像。输入大量实际图片,对方法进行了测试验证。实验结果表明:该方法有效地克服了目前图像复原方法不具有通用性、对仿真图像复原效果好对实际图像复原效果差、耗时长等缺点,对红外、可见光、毫米波等多波段退化图像均能有效恢复,不需先验知识,输入一帧模糊图像即可得到高清晰图像,为目标探测系统提供了一种有效图像复原方法。     

基于先验信息和正则化技术的图像复原算法的研究

在湍流退化图像复原研究中,为了消除大气湍流的影响,提出了一种基于先验信息和正则化技术的盲解卷积图像复原算法.该算法是以极大似然估计为基本原理,将目标图像和点扩展函数的先验信息以惩罚项的形式引入到极大似然函数中,同时利用正则化技术优化目标图像和点扩展函数的估计过程,以增加极大似然估计算法的收敛性和稳定性.通过退化图像的复原实验结果表明,该算法在退化模型完全未知的情况下,可以有效的实现对湍流退化图像的盲复原.     

基于双参数正则化方法的图像复原

针对高斯模糊图像的纹理和结构特性,提出一种基于总变分的双参数正则化约束的图像复原方法.首先采用基于各向异性的梯度处理方法,建立了具有点扩散函数和图像像素的灰度梯度.然后进行非线性和空间各向异性的规整化处理,使其在恢复目标图像和估计点扩展函数中能自适应地进行梯度运算.最后采用交替迭代的数值处理方法提高图像复原的速度.实验结果表明,基于梯度的双参数正则化图像复原能较好地提高图像复原的效果.     

基于单帧图像的复杂光学成像条件下图像复原方法

大气层、临界层等光学成像环境复杂，如何准确求解点扩散函数并抑制噪声是图像复原的两个重点。针对目前复原算法存在先验信息利用不足和抗噪性能较差等问题，提出基于单帧图像的复原方法。首先建立多尺度多方向形态滤波器，引入噪声特征图像自适应选择结构元素，克服传统方法固定结构元素无法改变的缺点；使用小波变换将小波的多分辨率特性与图像复原相结合，加快运算速度并进一步抑制残余噪声；提出基于分形维数动态求解支持域与正则化参数，改善以往固定支持域的缺点，提升图像复原的准确性。大量实验结果表明，本算法仅使用单帧模糊图像即可有效复原，可适用于多种类型数据集，满足实时复原的场景。     

一种复合局部与非局部梯度的图像去噪变分模型

局部变分有效地增强图像的轮廓信息,但不可避免地模糊图像的细节并在平滑区域产生阶梯效应。非局部变分能有效重构图像的纹理信息,但同时会破坏图像的结构轮廓信息。考虑到局部与非局部变分的互补性,提出了一种基于图像局部梯度与非局部梯度的复合变分模型,并通过Bregman交替迭代极小化图像的局部梯度与非局部梯度的L1范数,使去噪后的图像在去除噪声的同时更好地保留图像的结构与细节信息。对比实验证明,提出的复合变分模型有效地利用了图像的局部变分与非局部变分的优点,在图像评价的主客观方面都表现出了更好的性能。     

基于四阶偏微分方程图像复原去雾方法

雾天拍摄的图像出现对比度下降,色彩出现大量的灰白色。为了有效去除图像中的雾气,提出了根据雾天图像衰减模型和大气光模型建立了图像退化模型,利用模型场景景深与图像梯度构建能量泛函,以及利用四阶偏微分方程及部分已知信息求取能量泛函最小值,去雾算法实现采用四阶偏微分方程有限差分数值法。实验结果表明,该方法图像去雾效果较好,体现了该模型在图像复原上的优越性。     

自适应二阶总广义变分图像恢复方法

针对经典的总变分(TV)去噪模型容易导致阶梯效应 的缺陷,提出了一种自适应的二阶总广义变分(TGV)图像恢 复模型。通过在二阶TGV正则项中引入边缘指示函数,并利用边缘指示函数在平滑区域,增强 扩散,去除噪声,在边缘处降低扩散,保护边缘等特征恢复图像,在新模型中,自适应二阶 总广义变分是正则项,它能自动的平衡一阶和二阶导数项。因此这些特征使得新 模型在去噪的同时不但能够自适应地保持图像的边缘信息,而且还能去除阶梯效应。为了有 效的计算该模型,本文采用原始一对偶算法仿真新模型,实验结果表明,与经 典的TV模型相比,改进的方法无论是在视觉效果还是信噪比(SNR)上都有 明显地提高。     

基于变分的图像复原算法的改进

图像复原也称图像恢复,是图像处理的一个重要分支。图像复原是希望达到改进输入图像的视觉质量的目的,它是视图利用退化过程的先验知识,根据相应的退化模型,恢复出已被污染的图像的本来面目。Rudin和Osher提出的整体变分图像模型被认为是目前比较合理的图像复原模型,但恢复出的图像边界会产生一定的模糊;后来提出的冲击滤波器能够有效地锐化图像的边界,但是对噪声较为敏感,因此本论文提出一种结合全变分模型和冲击滤波器模型的混合模型的增强算法,弥补原有模型的不足,实现较好的复原效果。     

基于飞行参数约束的湍流退化图像快速复原算法

为了克服盲目去卷积求解点扩展函数中由于点扩展函数大小的不确定性引起的复原图像的模糊和振铃现象,提出了一种基于飞行参数估计点扩展函数大小的湍流退化图像快速复原算法.利用飞行参数中飞行马赫数、高度、攻角等已知的先验条件来估计,最扩展函数大小,并建立了一个点扩展函数大小与飞行参数的函数表达式,解决了点扩展函数估计的盲目性,减少了估计时间,提高了退化图像复原校正的质量与速度.仿真试验结果表明:该方法对提高图像复原的速度与质量有明显效果.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-