水热法合成纳米ATO粉末的研究

研究了以锑白、氢氧化钠、锡酸钠为原料，硫酸作为沉淀剂先制备出ATO的前驱体，然后用水热法合成了ATO纳米粉体，用容量法和碘量法分析其锑掺杂量分别为4．3mol％、5．8mol％和7．2mol％，并用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、差热分析等手段对粉末进行了表征．DTA分析表明所得到的粉末脱水完全，晶型稳定；TEM分析结果表明其平均粒度20nm左右。XRD分析表明，随着锑掺杂量的增加，ATO的粒度减小而结晶性能变差．图4，表2，参10．     

聚丙烯酰胺对锑掺杂二氧化锡前驱体的后处理

以SnCl4·5H2O,SbCl3和(NH4)2CO3为基本原料,采用湿化学法制各锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米粉体.研究絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)前驱体的同液相分离过滤速度和产物ATO粒径的影响及其相互作用机理.借助透射电镜(TEM)、热重一差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)等进行表征.研究结果表明:采用适量PAM对纳米ATO前驱体进行絮凝处理,不但能显著提高纳米ATO前驱体的固液相分离速度,缩短分离过滤时间,且能有效地抑制硬团聚的形成;采用非离子聚丙烯酰胺对纳米ATO前驱体进行絮凝处理,分离过滤时间仅为原来的1/10,所得产物平均粒径小于10nm.     

异相共沉淀法制备纳米氧化锡锑及其导电性能

为了获得高活性和优良导电性的氧化锡锑(ATO)纳米粉体,以五水合四氯化锡(SnCl_4·5H_2O)和氯化锑(SbCl_3)为原料,碳酸氢铵(NH_4HCO_3)为沉淀剂,醋酸(CH_3COOH)为助溶剂,乙醇(CH_3CH_2OH)为反应介质,通过固-液异相共沉淀反应制备ATO纳米粉体,讨论了反应介质、CH_3COOH添加量、锑掺杂量和煅烧温度对ATO纳米粉体性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller比表面积测试仪(BET),以及电阻率测试仪对ATO纳米粉体结构进行表征。结果表明:ATO纳米粉体具有四方金红石结构,粒子形状均匀,近似球形,一次粒径达到5～10 nm,比表面积约为85.00 m~2/g,电阻率为1.0Ω·cm。利用辊涂法将制备好的ATO水性防静电涂料涂于普通PET薄膜表面,其表面电阻值明显下降,当ATO的固含量大于60%时,其表面电阻值下降到约10~(5 )Ω,完全满足防静电领域的基本要求。     

掺锑二氧化锡纳米粉末的制备及电化学性质研究

采用离子交换除氯水解法和有机溶剂共沸干燥方法制备得到导电性好的掺锑二氧化锡纳米粉末,用XRD对掺锑二氧化锡纳米粉末的结构进行表征;采用粉末微电极技术,对掺锑二氧化锡纳米粉末的电化学性质进行了研究.     

ATO纳米棒的水热法制备及其性能

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用水热法制备了锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)纳米棒,产物的电阻率约为100Ω·cm.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱(EDS)对产物的形态结构进行表征,结果发现,随着反应时间的延长,ATO纳米棒直径不变,长度逐渐增大,长径比(L/D)逐渐增大;随着反应物SnCl4浓度的升高,ATO纳米棒的直径和长度均增大,L/D基本不变.简单阐述了ATO纳米棒的形成机理,并对反应条件对纳米棒L/D的影响进行了探索.     

不同物相三氧化钨的制备及其光致变色性质

采用化学沉淀法和低温水热法成功制备了单斜相与正交相三氧化钨粉体,通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)与扫描电镜(SEM)对产物进行了表征,电镜照片显示合成产物为纳米片.利用紫外可见光谱测量了合成产物的带隙,研究了不同物相三氧化钨纳米粉体在紫外光照射下的光致变色性质.结果表明,单斜相三氧化钨纳米粉体光致变色响应度比正交相三氧化钨的高.     

pH 值对水热法制备 LaVO4：0．5％Eu3＋纳米粉体的影响

以NH4 VO3、LaCl3· nH2 O等为原料,采用水热法合成了铕掺杂LaVO4纳米粉体,通过X射线粉末衍射、扫描电子显微镜、荧光测试仪等对制备的粉体进行了表征,考察了不同水热体系pH值（4-13）对产物晶相、微观形貌及荧光性能的影响,探讨了LaVO4晶体的生长机理。结果表明：产物的微观形貌为纳米颗粒或纳米棒,pH值低于10时,产物为单斜相LaVO4纳米晶,荧光强度较低;当pH值为11-13时,产物为四方相和单斜相两相,表现出较强的荧光性。     

掺锑二氧化锡纳米棒的制备及表征

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制得纳米级掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)的前驱物,经1000～1100°C焙烧1～3h,成功制备了直径为10～40nm,长为60～500nm的金红石结构的ATO纳米棒。运用热重分析(TGA)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、电子衍射(ED)及比表面仪(BET法)对棒结构和形貌进行了表征,研究了掺锑量、焙烧温度及焙烧时间等对其形貌结构的影响。并对ATO纳米棒形成机理进行了探讨。     

纳米稀土(Eu~(3+),Tb~(3+))三元配合物的制备和荧光性质

为了探索形貌和尺寸对配合物荧光性质的影响,以聚（乙烯基吡咯烷酮）为表面活性剂,制备了两种纳米稀土三元配合物[Eu（BA）3phen和Tb（acac）3phen]．采用元素分析、透射电镜、红外吸收光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、X射线粉末衍射及X射线光电子能谱对所制备的纳米配合物进行表征．结果表明,所制备的配合物为纳米颗粒,聚（乙烯基吡咯烷酮）的存在能有效地抑制配合物团聚而形成大的颗粒．对纳米稀土配合物的荧光性质研究发现,在紫外光激发下,这两种纳米配合物能分别发射Eu^3＋和Tb^3＋离子的特征荧光,而且纳米配合物的荧光性能优于相应的普通配合物．     

金属锆粉末在M（OH）2（M＝Sr,Ba）介质中的水热氧化过程

初步考察了金属锆粉末在M(OH)2(M=Sr,Ba)介质中的水热氧化过程.结果表明,钙钛矿型氧化物MZrO3(M=Sr,Ba)的生成规律与常规水热合成基本相同.对金属锆水热氧化过程的初步分析表明,ZrO2·xH2O作为中间产物起着重要作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.