变性剂作用下文昌鱼碱性磷酸酶构象与催化活力变化

研究了文昌鱼碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的变性作用,结果表明:低浓度盐酸胍(0.5 mol/l,1.0 mol/l)对该酶具有明显激活作用;酶的荧光构象变化指标随脲浓度增大呈现两个陡变区(1.0～2.0 mol/l,4.0～8.0 mol/l),蜂位因变性剂存在而明显红移,表明肽链己发生较明显的伸展,该酶的失活与变性过程均为一级反应,低浓度脲(2.0 mol/l)作用表现为构象变化略快于失活,而高浓度盐酸胍(2.0 mol/l,4.0 mol/l)及高浓度脲(4.0 mol/l,6.0 mol/l,8.0 mol/l)作用均表现为失活略快于构象变化。     

效应物对牛肠激酶活性的影响

肠激酶(EK,EC 3. 4. 21. 9)是一种在基因工程产品中广泛应用的工具酶.以小分子荧光物质甘氨酰-天冬氨酰-天冬氨酰-天冬氨酰-天冬氨酰-赖氨酰-β-萘胺(Gly-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys-β-naphthylamide, GD4K-β-naphthylamide) 为底物,采用荧光跟踪法研究了不同氨基酸、几种常用有机溶剂、EDTA、DTT等对牛肠激酶(BEK)活力的影响.结果表明:L-赖氨酸(L-Lys)、丙酮、EDTA、DTT对该酶的活性有较强的抑制作用,IC50分别约为25,50,50 和120 mmol/L.进一步研究了L-Lys与丙酮对BEK活力的抑制机理以及抑制类型,结果表明:L-Lys对该酶的抑制机理为可逆抑制,其抑制类型为竞争型抑制类型,其抑制常数KI为12.02 mmol/L.丙酮对BEK的抑制类型表现为不可逆抑制.     

添加剂促进变性还原溶菌酶复性的作用

研究了多种添加剂促进变性还原溶菌酶复性的作用，考察了添加剂浓度及变性剂盐酸胍浓度对复性收率的影响．结果表明，精氨酸、乙酰胺、丙酮、硫脲及甘油均能有效促进变性溶菌酶复性，并且存在最佳的添加剂浓度使变性溶菌酶的复性收率最大．在促进复性中，乙酰胺等结构类似物与盐酸胍具有相同作用，因此，在降低复性液中盐酸胍浓度的同时，适当提高乙酰胺浓度即可获得较高的复性收率．当盐酸胍浓度为0．2mol／L时，复性收率达到90％时的乙酰胺浓度为2mol／L，但降低盐酸胍浓度至0．06mol／L时，达到相同变性收率的乙酰胺浓度需要4mol／L．甘油与盐酸胍存在着协同作用，在一定浓度的盐酸胍存在下，添加适量的甘油能获得较高的复性收率．     

发酵产物对灰绿曲霉β-葡萄糖苷酶活力的影响

从自行筛选出的灰绿曲霉XC-9菌株的发酵液得到活力较高的纤维素酶,分离纯化出其中的β-葡萄糖苷酶(BG).探讨发酵产物对酶活力的影响,乙醇、乙酸、乳酸对酶活力有不同程度抑制,抑制强度依次为乳酸乙酸乙醇,其半抑制浓度(IC50)分别为0.09,0.34和4.4mol/L.它们对BG的抑制作用均表现为非竞争性可逆抑制,抑制常数分别为0.7%(0.083mol/L)、2%(0.315mol/L)、26%(4.25mol/L),实验结果表明它们不是结合在酶活性中心的底物结合部位上,而是结合在其以外的必需基团上抑制酶活力.随着乙醇浓度上升,BG最适反应温度逐渐降低,乙醇达到20%(体积分数,下同)时,BG最适温度由60℃降到50℃.在低体积分数乙醇溶液(小于16%)中的BG活力高过无乙醇溶液中的BG活力.荧光光谱分析表明,高浓度乙醇可使BG分子构象松散,导致变构失效.该研究为纤维素酶发酵进程控制提供了理论依据.     

温度、酸碱度和变性剂对黄花石蒜凝集素活性和构象的影响

采用荧光光谱研究了不同温度、pH和变性剂对黄花石蒜凝集素（Lycoris aurea agglutinin,简称LAA）凝血活性和分子构象的变化关系,结果表明：LAA具有较强的温度和酸碱度的耐受性,经过3种变性剂的处理都能使LAA分子构象发生不同程度的变化并导致活性的丧失,浓度为6 mol/L的盐酸胍和脲,20 mmol/L的SDS可以使LAA完全丧失凝血活性,荧光光谱的变化表明了这种变性过程具有阶段性.     

小球藻病毒PBCV-1编码的Cu,Zn-SOD酶学稳定性

将小球藻病毒模式株PBCV-1编码的Cu, Zn-SOD截短突变体tcvSOD克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET23a(+)后,经IPTG诱导在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)菌株中表达得到了可溶性tcvSOD重组蛋白.该蛋白具有典型的SOD活性,能强烈抑制邻苯三酚的自氧化作用,最高抑制率为97%,反应体系中酶蛋白终质量浓度为0.2μg/mL时达到最大抑制,由此计算出其比活力为16 050 U/mg.tcvSOD的热稳定性和对蛋白变性剂SDS胁迫的反应与酶蛋白在反应体系中的质量浓度有关.终质量浓度为1μg/mL时tcvSOD可以耐90℃、30 min以及质量分数2%～10%的SDS处理而活性保持不变或略有丧失,终质量浓度为0.05和0.1μg/mL时则对上述处理非常敏感. 0.05、0.1、1μg/mL 3种质量浓度的tcvSOD对反应体系中pH4～12的变化,以及2～10 mol/L尿素和1～4 mol/L盐酸胍胁迫处理,酶活性保持恒定.实验结果表明tcvSOD具有较强热稳定性和pH稳定性,对常见蛋白变性剂也有良好抗性,有进一步开发利用的潜能.     

变性剂和巯基修饰对黄精凝集素II构象和活性的影响

采用圆二色谱、荧光光谱,研究了黄精凝集素II(PolygonatumcyrtonemaHua.LectinII,PCLII)在4mol/L和6mol/L盐酸胍中,以及巯基修饰后,其活性和分子构象的变化关系.研究结果表明:PCLII是一种稳定的蛋白质,巯基修饰剂虽不影响其活性,但可使其分子构象发生变化,去除修饰剂后其结构部分能够恢复.在4mol/L盐酸胍中,PCLII活性及构象可发生很大变化,去除盐酸胍后其活性恢复;在6mol/L盐酸胍中,呈现典型的无规卷曲构象,活性完全丧失,去除盐酸胍后活性仍不能恢复,表明活性中心已遭到不可逆的破坏.     

重组人干扰素α2b和胸腺肽αl融合蛋白的分离纯化

考察了大肠杆菌E.coli表达的重组人干扰素α2b和胸腺肽αl融合蛋白包涵体的变性、复性及融合蛋白的分离纯化过程。实验结果表明：包涵体经7mol/L盐酸胍,10mmol/L DTT变性;1mol/L尿素,2mmol/L还原型谷胱甘肽,0.2mmol/L氧化型谷胱甘肽脉冲加样稀释复性;金属螯合层析收集0.3mol/L咪唑洗脱峰,冷干后经重组肠激酶30℃酶切24h、Sephadex G50 柱纯化,可得到纯度达90%的重组人干扰素α2b和胸腺肽αl融合蛋白,且最终目的融合蛋白产量达68mg/g干菌体。     

罗非鱼脯氨酸内肽酶的分离及抑制剂对其的作用机制

采用硫酸铵盐析及柱层析技术,从罗非鱼肌肉中分离纯化得到分子质量约为85 ku的脯氨酸内肽酶(prolyl endopeptidase,PEP)。通过肽质量指纹质谱分析,获得13个肽片段,含128个氨基酸残基,结果显示,与伯氏朴丽鱼(Haplochromis burtoni)的PEP完全一致。该酶特异分解荧光底物Suc-Gly-ProMCA和Suc-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-MCA,PEP特异性抑制剂SUAM-14746和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂PMSF可以抑制该酶的活性。PEP催化Suc-Gly-Pro-MCA水解反应的活化能(Ea)为47.42 k J/mol。SUAM-14746对PEP表现为竞争性抑制作用,抑制常数(KI)为1.91μmol/L。金属离子Zn~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对PEP的抑制类型均为混合型抑制,其中对游离酶的抑制常数(KI)分别为1.80 mmol/L和0.07 mmol/L,对酶-底物络合物的抑制常数(KIS)分别为2.33 mmol/L和1.17 mmol/L。     

修饰剂对青霉菌葡萄糖氧化酶的效应研究

研究了几种修饰剂对青霉菌(Penicillium amagasakiense)葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD,EC 1.1.3.4)活力的影响.结果表明,溴代乙酸、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)、乙酰丙酮等对酶的抑制作用较强,随着抑制剂浓度增大,酶活力呈指数下降,酶活力下降50%的抑制浓度分别为40.8,28.5和8.7 mmol/L,认为咪唑基、吲哚基、精氨酸胍基是该酶的活性功能基团,而蛋白质分子中巯基、二硫键、赖氨酸的ε-氨基、丝氨酸残基与酶活力无关.进一步研究了NBS的抑制动力学,结果显示:NBS对酶的抑制作用为非竞争性可逆抑制,抑制常数(KI)为19.2 μmol/L.该研究对青霉菌GOD在生产上的应用具有一定的理论指导意义.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to