固化Zn、Cl污染砂土的强度及浸出特性

为研究新型固化剂固化稳定复合Zn、Cl污染砂土的效果,依托某企业搬迁遗留场地修复工程开展现场中试试验,并结合室内无侧限抗压强度试验、pH测试以及毒性浸出等试验,探讨修复土物理力学、浸出等特性与固化剂成分、养护龄期的变化规律,分析比较了不同固化剂的固化稳定化效果.试验结果表明,固化土干密度较污染素土增加,增幅达11%~12%;固化土强度随养护龄期和固化剂掺量增加而增长,其中28 d龄期6%KMP掺量的固化土无侧限抗压强度较未固化土高6.17倍;掺加固化剂会显著提升污染土pH值,其中掺加GGBS-Mg O的固化土各龄期pH值均略大于掺加KMP的固化土;2种固化剂对Zn、Cl离子的稳定效果有所差别,总体而言,2种固化剂均能有效地稳定土壤中的Zn、Cl离子.     

石灰固化海砂海泥混合料作为填料的室内试验研究

为解决沿海地区缺乏填料的问题,将海砂海泥按质量比1.5∶1进行掺合,将混合料作为填筑材料,采用石灰作为固化剂,开展了一系列室内试验,包括无侧限抗压强度试验、直剪试验以及压缩试验。结果表明,固化混合料的无侧限抗压强度随着石灰掺量增加不断提高,掺量5%~7%之间时,强度变化最明显;7 d养护龄期的混合料的强度约为28 d养护龄期的50%左右,强度增长较为缓慢;石灰掺量大于7%之后,其强度增长速率明显减缓,甚至有减小的趋势;石灰掺量低于5%时固化效果不明显,在7%~9%之间时接近低压缩性土。     

超细矿粉对水泥土力学性能的影响

目的研究水泥和超细矿粉复掺对水泥土力学性能的影响,比较不同掺量水泥和超细矿粉所引起水泥土无侧限抗压强度变化之间的差异.方法在固化剂掺量10%条件下,分别测试了不同超细矿粉和氢氧化钙掺量下水泥土的无侧限抗压强度,分析水泥掺量对大掺量超细矿粉水泥土的应力-应变曲线;利用扫描电子显微镜分析固化水泥土的微观结构.结果养护龄期7 d时,超细矿粉水泥土无侧限抗压强度随超细矿粉取代率增加呈下降的趋势,但下降幅度逐渐减小;养护龄期14 d和28 d时,随超细矿粉取代率增加,水泥土无侧限抗压强度呈先减小后增大的趋势.当超细矿粉的取代率为80%时,养护7 d时的水泥土无侧限抗压强度下降了29%,而相同超细矿粉取代率的水泥土在14 d和28 d时的无侧限抗压强度分别提高了9.3%和15%.超细矿粉掺入有利于改善水泥土结构的密实性,掺量为80%的水泥土结构表面有絮状胶凝物和针状钙矾石生成.结论水泥土的无侧限抗压强度随水泥掺量的增大和养护龄期的延长而提高;水泥的掺入可以改变水泥土的弹性模量;随水泥掺量增加,水泥土应力峰值增大;超细矿粉可细化水泥土的孔隙,使结构更加密实.     

快速固化土工程特性试验

为探究长安大学研制的新型4#粉体固化剂的固化效果,以山西忻州定襄县粉质粘土为研究对象,进行了单掺长安大学新型4#粉体固化剂固化土制备。通过不同掺量与不同龄期固化土试件的浸水和不浸水无侧线抗压强度试验,分析了掺量和龄期对固化土力学特性的影响规律。结果表明:养护前期,固化剂固化土强度增幅随掺量增大而先快后慢,养护后期其强度增幅随掺量增大而先慢后快;低掺量固化剂固化土强度增幅随龄期延长而先快后慢,高掺量固化剂固化土强度增幅随龄期延长而先慢后快。然后在考虑固化剂掺量和龄期对强度影响的基础上,建立了符合该固化土力学特性的强度预测公式,为该固化剂在工程实际运用中开展强度保证理论和试验研究探索。     

电石渣/偏高岭土固化铜污染土的浸泡试验研究

针对电石渣/偏高岭土地聚合物固化铜污染土开展去离子水和盐酸条件下的浸泡试验,研究固化污染土无侧限抗压强度变化规律,分析浸泡条件对固化污染土稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:在未浸泡条件下,固化污染土无侧限抗压强度随着电石渣掺量的增加而增大;当电石渣掺量较低时,固化污染土的应力随应变增加而缓慢增大,无明显峰值;当电石渣质量分数超过9%时,应力随应变增加而较快增大,强度峰值明显;在去离子水和盐酸浸泡条件下,固化污染土的无侧限抗压强度变化趋势基本一致,随着电石渣掺量增加而增大,且明显低于未浸泡固化污染土的无侧限抗压强度;当电石渣质量分数为10%,偏高岭土质量分数为5%时,电石渣/偏高岭土地聚合物对铜污染土具有较强的抗酸稳定性,修复效果良好。     

水泥砂浆固化土抗压强度特性试验

为论证水泥砂浆固化土工程应用的可行性,通过设置不同掺砂量、含水率、砂料粒径和养护龄期条件,对水泥砂浆固化土进行无侧限抗压强度试验.试验结果表明:(a)掺砂可提高水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度,尤其是早期强度.一定水泥掺入比条件下,当掺砂量处于最优掺砂率(10％左右)时水泥砂浆固化土的强度特性改善幅度最大,掺砂量超过最优掺砂率后水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度无显著提高.(b)水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度随原料土含水率的增加而减小,当原料土的含水率较低或养护龄期较短时,水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度下降幅度均较大,当含水率较高时水泥土掺砂难以达到预期的固化效果.(c)砂料粒径变化对水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度影响较小,水泥砂浆固化土强度随着粒径的增大略有提高;砂料粒径变化对水泥砂浆固化土变形系数的影响较大,两者近似成正比关系,在实际工程中无需对砂料进行筛分而直接运用即可获得较好的处理效果.(d)水泥砂浆固化土无侧限抗压强度试验的破坏模式多为脆性张裂破坏和塑性剪切破坏.随着养护龄期的延长以及掺砂量的增加,脆性张裂破坏更为显著.     

小剂量石灰稳定土强度特性的试验研究

为了研究小剂量石灰稳定土的强度特性,制备了石灰剂量4%～8%、压实度90%～95%的石灰稳定土试样,经标准养护后,分别进行了7～180 d龄期的无侧限抗压强度试验和劈裂强度试验.试验结果表明:石灰稳定土的强度指标都随压实度增大而增大,且随时间增长而增大,但剂量4%的石灰稳定土的无侧限抗压强度在超过28 d后基本趋于稳定...     

电石渣稳定土强度特性影响因素分析

将电石渣稳定土用作道路底基层的填料,对电石渣的资源化利用具有重要意义。本文采用电石渣稳定两种细粒土,进行无侧限抗压强度试验,分析电石渣掺量、压实度、养生温度和龄期四种因素对电石渣稳定土强度性能的影响。结果表明,随着电石渣掺量的增加,两种稳定土的无侧限抗压强度分别在其掺量为9%和5%左右出现峰值,即为最佳电石渣掺量;压实度每增加2%,两种电石渣稳定土的7d无侧限抗压强度分别提高20%和10%以上;随着养生温度升高,两种电石渣稳定土的强度增大,当养生温度由10℃提高到30℃时,其抗压强度可提高50%;电石渣稳定土的无侧限抗压强度随龄期延长而增大,前期(7d～28d)增长速率比后期(60d～180d)快;基于压实度和养生条件,提出了电石渣稳定土无侧限抗压强度的预估模型,具有较好的相关性。为满足低等级道路底基层强度的要求,建议两种电石渣稳定土的压实度应分别大于95%和97%,养生温度应分别大于10℃和20℃。     

偏高岭土-水泥固化Cd污染土的工程特性

采用偏高岭土-水泥体系对Cd污染土固化/稳定处理。通过无侧限抗压强度试验和毒性浸出试验,探讨Cd2+含量和偏高岭土掺量对固化污染土强度和浸出特性的影响。结果表明:固化土体的无侧限抗压强度随着养护龄期的增加而呈不同程度的对数增长趋势;掺加偏高岭土后,固化土体随着Cd2+含量的增加,强度逐渐减小,无明显临界效应;各种Cd2+含量下,偏高岭土的掺入对固化土体的强度均有提高,且掺量达到2%时出现峰值;毒性浸出试验结果表明掺入偏高岭土对污染土中Cd2+具有更优异固化稳定效果;无论从固化效果还是从经济性出发,偏高岭土的最佳掺量均在2%左右,且可适当减少固化剂用量。     

固化/稳定化重金属污染土力学及浸出特性试验研究

为解决传统固化剂在固化/稳定化法处理重金属复合污染土和重度污染土方面存在的不足,研发了一种新型固化剂。以人工制备的Pb、Cd、Cu复合重金属污染土壤为研究对象,开展了室内无侧限抗压强度试验、毒性浸出试验。在此基础上分析了固化体力学特性、浸出特性等随养护龄期、污染土粒径、重金属污染水平的变化规律。以某金矿区三处重金属污染土壤为治理对象,开展了相关测试,验证了新型固化剂对于重金属污染土的固化效果。研究表明：新型固化剂对于复合重金属污染土和重度污染土的效果较好;固化体无侧限抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而增大,随重金属污染水平、污染土粒径的增加而降低,固化体强度达17.35-33.45 MPa,均能满足固废填埋标准及建筑材料强度要求;重金属浸出浓度随养护龄期的增加而降低,随着污染土粒径和污染水平的增加而增加,浸出浓度均远低于（<0.1%）浸出安全标准限值,固化率>99.99%。所研发的高效重金属污染土固化剂,可用于重金属污染场地的固化修复及资源化利用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.