芹菜素对自发性高血压大鼠血压的影响及其机制初步研究

目的探讨芹菜素对自发高血压(SHR)大鼠血压的影响及其作用机制。方法以SHR大鼠为研究对象,分别灌胃给予不同剂量(0.03、0.05、0.11 g/kg)的芹菜素4周,对照组给予等容积的植物油。每周测定大鼠体重、心率、血压。结果给予芹菜素4周后,各剂量组SHR大鼠血压明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。0.05 g/kg组内皮素水平低于对照组,0.11 g/kg组血管紧张素Ⅱ水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),肾素、醛固酮、降钙素基因相关肽、环鸟嘌呤核苷酸水平与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论芹菜素降血压的最小有效作用剂量为0.03 g/kg;芹菜素可能通过降低内皮素和血管紧张素Ⅱ来降低血压,而可能不通过NO/一氧化氮合酶(NOS)通路。     

枸杞血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)化学合成多肽对自发性高血压大鼠的降压作用及机制研究

目的探讨枸杞血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)化学合成多肽对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)的降压效果及机制,为防治高血压病提供实验依据。方法 SHR大鼠30只,分成组:模型对照、阳性对照(10mg/kg卡托普利)、枸杞ACE化学合成多肽低(5mg/kg)、中(10mg/kg)、高(20mg/kg)剂量组5组;另以Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠6只为正常对照组。正常对照组和模型对照组给予相应剂量的生理盐水。适应性喂养1 w后开始一次性给药及连续灌胃8w长期给药处理,实验期间大鼠自由进食饮水,每周定时在灌胃后2h测量血压,实验结束后腹腔静脉采血并摘取心脏和肾脏组织,酶联免疫吸附法测定血浆和肾脏组织中Ang-(1-7)、AngII、ACE、ACE2水平。结果干预后,与正常对照组相比,SHR大鼠收缩压(SBP)与舒张压(DBP)均显著升高(均P0.05);与模型对照组相比较,第6、8w阳性对照组、低、中、高剂量组SHR大鼠DBP明显降低(均P0.05);实验期间随着灌胃时间的延长SBP有降低趋势。与正常对照组相比,SHR大鼠血浆和肾脏组织中Ang-(1-7)浓度均显著降低(均P0.05),ACE浓度均显著升高(均P0.05);与模型对照组相比,枸杞ACE化学合成多肽可以显著降低ACE浓度(均P0.05),增加ACE2浓度。结论枸杞ACE化学合成多肽对SHR大鼠有一定的降压作用,可能是通过ACE–AngII–AT1R和ACE2–Ang-(1-7)–Mas-R通路的平衡发挥降压作用。[营养学报,2019,41(1):74-80]     

芹菜素对血吸虫病小鼠肝纤维化的影响

目的探讨浓度梯度的芹菜素(AP)对血吸虫病肝纤维化的影响。方法建立血吸虫病肝纤维化小鼠动物模型,随机分为6组:正常对照组、吡喹酮组、γ干扰素组、芹菜素低、中、高剂量组。测定小鼠的肝脏或者血液的羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、透明质酸(HA)、血清Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)和层粘连蛋白(Ln)含量,间接反映芹菜素对血吸虫病肝纤维化的影响;应用HE染色、免疫组化法及多媒体病理图文定量分析,观察各实验组小鼠肝脏的病理改变及TGF-β1和PDGF-BB表达变化。结果 Hyp、HA、PCⅢ和LN含量第4 w到第8 w呈降低趋势,且中剂量芹菜素的各项指标最接近空白组,抑制血吸虫病肝纤维化作用最明显。芹菜素剂量水平,未见量效增强关系。HE染色液显示中剂量芹菜素组肝脏变性坏死减轻最为明显,小叶结构最完整。中剂量芹菜素组TGF-β1和PDGF-BB含量与对照组、吡喹酮组、低剂量芹菜素组和高剂量芹菜素组都有显著性差异(P<0.05)。其中中剂量组300 mg/(kg bw.d)综合效果较佳。结论芹菜素中剂量组300 mg/(kg bw.d)对血吸虫病肝纤维化综合效果较佳。[营养学报,2012,34(6):591-594,598]     

海兔素对酒精性肝损伤大鼠NF-кB、iNOS及COX-2的影响

目的通过观察酒精性肝损伤大鼠NF-кB p65、i NOS和COX-2的表达,探讨海兔素对酒精性肝损伤的保护机制。方法 (1)8周龄雄性Wistar大鼠,按体重随机分为6组(空白对照组,酒精模型组,阳性对照组,海兔素低、中、高剂量组),每组10只。各组均采用灌胃方式给药,每日一次,连续6周。除空白对照组每日灌胃生理盐水外,其余各组前2周每日给予50%乙醇8 ml/kg,后4周提高至12 ml/kg。海兔素低、中、高剂量组每日还同时分别给予海兔素50、100和150 mg/kg BW,阳性对照组则每日给予200 mg/kg甘草酸二铵。实验结束后ELISA法检测大鼠血浆中i NOS和COX-2活性。(2)8周龄成年雄性Wistar大鼠45只,按体重随机分为3组,空白对照组每日生理盐水灌胃,酒精模型组和海兔素组每日给予50%乙醇8 ml/kg灌胃2周,然后将剂量提高至12 ml/kg,持续6周。海兔素组每日酒精灌胃前4 h,先给予150 mg/kg海兔素灌胃。8周后经二步胶原酶技术分离培养获取大鼠原代肝细胞,每组大鼠各获得一组原代肝细胞。Western Blot法检测大鼠原代肝细胞NF-кB p65蛋白的表达。结果酒精模型组i NOS与COX-2活性均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05);与酒精模型组相比,海兔素低、中、高剂量组i NOS、COX-2活性均有所降低(P<0.05)。并且海兔素高剂量组i NOS及COX-2的活性与阳性对照组相比差异无统计学意义。酒精模型组NF-кB p65蛋白的表达明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05),是空白对照组的1.5倍;而海兔素干预组NF-кB p65蛋白表达明显被抑制(P<0.05),与酒精模型组相比,下降52.7%。结论海兔素可通过抑制NF-кB、i NOS及COX-2的表达,对酒精性肝损伤起到一定的保护作用。     

大剂量芹菜素对大鼠抗氧化酶活性及DNA损伤影响的研究

目的观察大剂量芹菜素对大鼠的抗氧化活性及对DNA氧化损伤的影响。方法将100只Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,每组20只,即基础饲料对照组,低剂量芹菜素组(掺入量为2.5%,相当于2g/kgbw),次低剂量芹菜素组(掺入量为5.0%,相当于4g/kgbw),中剂量芹菜素组(掺入量为7.5%,相当于6g/kgbw),高剂量芹菜素组(掺入量为10%,相当于8g/kgbw),实验周期为13周。实验结束前收集动物2h尿液,实验结束后处死动物,留取血液和肝脏,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,分析8-羟基脱氧鸟苷含量。结果在2和4g/kgbw剂量时,雄性肝脏SOD、GSH-Px以及2g/kgbw剂量组的GST活性明显低于对照组(P<0.05);血清中雄性8g/kgbw剂量组的GST以及雌雄4g/kgbw剂量组的GSH-Px活性明显低于对照组(P<0.05),其他各项指标与对照组比较,差异均无显著性。结论本试验条件下,大剂量芹菜素能够降低雄性大鼠的抗氧化酶活性,但对DNA损伤没有影响。     

基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1与自发性高血压大鼠心肌纤维化的相关性研究

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)与自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心肌纤维化的相关性。方法16只14周龄雄性SHR随机分为卡托普利组和SHR对照组(n=8),8只同龄雄性SD大鼠为正常对照组,卡托普利100 mg.kg-1.d-1灌胃12周,免疫组化分析TIMP-1、CollagenⅠ和Ⅲ的表达;RT-PCR检测TIMP-1mRNA表达;MASSON染色分析测量胶原容积分数(CVF);碱水解法测定羟脯氨酸(Hypro)含量。结果⑴SHR对照组LVI、CVF、Hypro,TIMP-1、CollagenⅠ和Ⅲ表达明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);相对于SHR对照组,卡托普利组则显著降低(P<0.05);⑵TIMP-1与上述指标呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论TIMP-1与SHR心肌纤维化密切相关,卡托普利能抑制TIMP-1的表达。     

芹菜素对小鼠生精细胞周期影响的实验研究

目的研究芹菜素对小鼠睾丸生殖细胞周期的影响。方法将50只SPF级健康成年雄性昆明小鼠随机分为阴性对照组(生理盐水)、溶剂对照组(0.5%DMSO)和低(84mg/kg)、中(168mg/kg)、高(252mg/kg)剂量芹菜素染毒组,每组10只。采用灌胃方式进行染毒,染毒剂量为10ml/kg,每天1次,连续灌胃14天,于末次灌胃后第21天处死小鼠,分别称重附睾、睾丸,并计算脏器系数。采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠生精细胞的周期。结果染毒前后各组小鼠体重间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。除高剂量芹菜素染毒组小鼠附睾湿重高于中剂量芹菜素染毒组(P0.05)外,各组小鼠睾丸、附睾湿重及其脏器系数间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。细胞周期分析结果显示,与阴性对照组比较,低、高剂量芹菜素染毒组小鼠睾丸组织中的二倍体细胞所占百分比下降,低剂量芹菜素灌胃可引起G0/G1期细胞明显降低,低、高剂量芹菜素染毒组小鼠睾丸组织1C∶2C值明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论芹菜素对小鼠生精细胞有一定的抑制作用。     

某中药复方对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾组织肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响因素初探

目的研究中药复方对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾功能保护作用及其对肾脏肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响。方法从同批次SPF级SD雄性大鼠中随机选取10只大鼠作为正常对照组,其余大鼠腹腔注射小剂量STZ辅以高脂高糖饲料饲喂造模,模型鼠随机分为阳性对照组(50 mg/kg·bw,盐酸二甲双胍)、模型对照组(蒸馏水)、中药复方0.83g/kg·bw、1.67 g/kg·bw和3.33 g/kg·bw,每组10只。灌胃30d后,采集尿液、血液和肾脏标本,采用全自动生化分析仪检测每组大鼠尿液中Ucr和血液中Scr、BUN水平,化学法测定肾组织中NO含量,酶联免疫法测定肾组织中ACE、Ang-II和ET-1表达。结果低剂量、中剂量和高剂量组肌酐清除率高于模型对照组(P0.05),低剂量和中剂量组BUN水平低于模型对照组(P0.01),低剂量、中剂量和高剂量组ACE水平低于模型对照组(P0.01),低剂量和中剂量组Ang-II水平低于模型对照组(P0.05)。结论该中药复方对实验性早期DN大鼠肾功能有保护作用,能抑制DN状态下异常活化的肾脏RAS,恢复血流动力学稳态。     

富含γ-氨基丁酸绿茶对大鼠辅助降血压功能的研究

[目的]研究富含γ-氨基丁酸绿茶(GABA茶)对实验动物的辅助降血压作用. [方法]设自发高血压大鼠(SHR)试验组和Wistar大鼠试验组.SHR设2.0、4.0、8.0g/kg体重3个GABA茶剂量组,以及阳性对照组(蒸馏水)和普通绿茶(以下简称"普通茶")对照组(8.0g/kg体重);Wistar大鼠设阴性对照组(蒸馏水)、普通茶对照组(8.0g/kg体重)和GABA茶对照组(8.0g/kg体重).每天灌胃给予受试物,连续2周后停止灌胃,继续观察1周. [结果]第1周起,GABA茶8.0g/kg体重剂量组SHR血压与阳性对照组相比明显降低,并持续至停止给样后1周(q检验,P＜0.05).普通茶对照与阳性对照组比较差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).试验期间各组间实验动物的体重和心率变化均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论]富含GABA茶对自发高血压大鼠有辅助降压作用.     

酪蛋白酶解产物对高血压影响的研究

目的:研究酪蛋白酶解产物(casein hydrolysate,CH)对高血压的影响。方法:酪蛋白酶解产物经过大孔树脂DA201C脱盐处理,检测了脱盐酶解产物对血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的抑制活性和用水解物500、1000mg/kg灌胃,观察SHR大鼠血压的影响。结果:酶解产物对ACE的活性有很强的抑制作用,抑制率为80.1%;低剂量(500mg/kg)组对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)有显著的降血压作用;高剂量(1000mg/kg)组非常显著。结论:酪蛋白酶解产物具有降血压功能。     

Changes in arterial blood pressure in hypertensive rats caused by long-term intake of milk fermented by Enterococcus faecalis CECT 5728

We have evaluated the changes in arterial blood pressure caused in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by long-term intake of an Enterococcus faecalis CECT 5728-fermented milk with significant angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity. After being weaned, male 3-week-old SHR were randomized into five groups. Until the 20th week of life, rats in each group were given one of the following drinking fluids: tap water (negative control 1), a fermented milk without ACE-inhibitory activity (negative control 2), captopril (100 mg/kg) (positive control), the E. faecalis CECT 5728-fermented milk that had significant ACE-inhibitory activity, or Ca-enriched E. faecalis CECT 5728-fermented milk. Animals in the different groups were then given tap water as drinking fluid from the 20th to 25th week of life. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured weekly in the rats, from the 6th to 25th week of life, by the tail-cuff method. A definite decrease in SBP and DBP could be observed in the rats treated with captopril and also in the rats that received the E. faecalis CECT 5728-fermented milks. The greatest antihypertensive effect was observed when the pharmacological treatment was administered. The effect of the Ca-enriched fermented milk was slightly more accentuated and more constant than the effect of the E. faecalis CECT 5728-fermented milk that had not been enriched in Ca. SBP and DBP increased in the treated SHR when the corresponding antihypertensive treatment was removed. Fermentation of milk with E. faecalis CECT 5728 may therefore be a successful strategy to produce a functional food with antihypertensive activity.     

Short-term effect of egg-white hydrolysate products on the arterial blood pressure of hypertensive rats

In the present study we evaluate the blood pressure-lowering effect of the following products: the hydrolysate obtained from egg white (EW) by enzymatic treatment with pepsin (HEW), the peptide fraction of HEW with molecular mass lower than 3000 Da (HEW<3000 Da), and three peptide sequences isolated from HEW<3000 Da (Tyr-Ala-Glu-Glu-Arg-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Leu: YAEERYPIL); (Arg-Ala-Asp-His-Pro-Phe-Leu: RADHPFL); and (Ile-Val-Phe (IVF)). These peptides, and also HEW and HEW<3000 Da, had been characterized previously in vitro as potent inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). EW and the products mentioned earlier were orally administered by gastric intubation, to 17-20-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. We measured the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the rats by the tail cuff method before administration and also 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h post-administration. Distilled water served as negative control, and we used captopril (50 mg/kg) as positive control to carry out similar experiments with a known ACE inhibitor. HEW, HEW<3000 Da and the three peptide sequences decreased SBP and DBP in SHR but they did not modify these variables in WKY rats. The peptide sequences YAEERYPIL, RADHPFL and IVF showed a potency to decrease blood pressure greater than HEW or HEW<3000 Da. The results obtained suggest that the studied products could be used as a functional food with potential therapeutic benefit in the prevention and treatment of hypertension.     

The antihypertensive effect of ethyl acetate extract of radish leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a cruciferous vegetable, and its leaves have antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate extracts from radish leaves on hypertension in 11-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The SHRs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each on the basis of initial systolic blood pressure (SBP) and were treated with oral administration of radish leaf extract (0, 30, or 90 mg/kg body weight [bw], respectively) for 5 weeks. Six Wistar rats were used as normotensive controls. The amount of the radish leaf extract had no effect on body weight. The SBP of the SHRs showed a decreasing trend with the consumption of the radish leaf extract. In the third week, the SBP of the group fed 90 mg extract/kg bw reduced from 214 mmHg to 166 mmHg and was significantly lower than that of the normotensive and hypertensive controls. The extract did not show a significant effect on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the serum, kidney, and lung. The extract increased the concentration of NO in serum and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase in red blood cells (RBCs). The serum concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ were not significantly different between all groups. However, the fecal concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ increased; the fecal concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ for the normotensive and hypertensive controls were not different. Urinary excretion of Na⁺ was higher in the normotensive Wistar rats than in the SHRs, while that of K⁺ was not significantly different. These findings indicate that consumption of radish leaves might have had antihypertensive effects in SHRs by increasing the serum concentration of NO and fecal concentration of Na⁺ and enhancing antioxidant activities.     

百草枯中毒大鼠肺组织ACE和ACE2基因表达及二巯丙磺钠的保护作用

目的 探讨急性百草枯(PQ)中毒大鼠肺组织中血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)、血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)的基因表达及二巯丙磺钠(Na-DMPS)的保护作用.方法 100只SD雄性大鼠分为正常对照组(10只)、Na-DMPS对照组(10只)、PQ染毒组和Na-DMPS保护组(各40只).PQ染毒组和Na-DMPS保护组大鼠一次性腹腔注射PQ 20 mg/ks,其中保护组大鼠于染毒前15 min以Na-DMPS 200mg/kg腹腔注射进行保护.观察各组大鼠在中毒后6、24 h及3、7d各时间点的临床表现和光学显微镜下肺脏的组织学改变,并使用反转录一聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法测定各组大鼠各时间点肺组织ACE和ACE2 mRNA的表达.结果 PQ染毒组大鼠染毒后出现呼吸急促、抽搐,呈进行性加重,Na-DMPS保护组大鼠中毒症状出现延后且明显减轻.光学显微镜下可见,染毒组大鼠肺组织损伤的表现以肺部毛细血管和肺泡结构破坏、肺泡内渗出物增多、炎症细胞聚集为主,而Na-DMPS保护组大鼠肺组织受损则相对较轻.各时点PQ染毒组肺组织ACE及ACE2 mRNA的表达均下降,在24 h时ACE mRNA表达为0.457±0.262,3 d时为0.385±0.179;3 d时ACE2 mRNA表达为0.415±0.247,7 d时为0.365±0.215,与正常对照组(ACE mRNA为0.781±0.354,ACE2 mRNA为0.761±0.420)和Na-DMPS对照组(ACEmRNA为0.765±0.364,ACE2mRNA为0.725±0.424)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).Na-DMPS保护组肺组织ACEmRNA表达在24 h时为0.739±0.558,3d时为0.749±0.414,ACE2 mRNA表达在3d时为0.584±0.345,7d时为0.493±0.292,明显高于相同时间点的PQ染毒组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 PQ中毒大鼠肺组织ACE和ACE2mRNA表达下降,Na-DMPS可上调肺组织ACE和ACE2 mRNA表达,减轻肺组织病理改变,对PQ中毒所致急性肺损伤有一定的保护作用.     

明日叶查尔酮对2型糖尿病大鼠肝细胞胰岛素受体与胰岛素受体底物-2 mRNA表达的影响

目的研究明日叶查尔酮(Ashitabe chalcone,AC)对糖尿病大鼠肝细胞胰岛素受体(insulin receptor,InsR)和胰岛素受体底物-2(insulin receptor substrate-2,IRS-2)mRNA表达的影响。方法将用高脂饲料喂养加链尿佐菌素腹腔注射诱发的2型糖尿病大鼠随机分为糖尿病对照组和高、低剂量AC组,每组10只,均喂饲高脂饲料,分别每日经口灌胃给予明日叶查尔酮的剂量为0、30、10 mg/kg。另设一个正常对照组为正常大鼠喂饲普通饲料,实验周期4 w。用放射免疫分析法检测血清胰岛素水平、逆转录聚合酶链式反应方法检测肝细胞InsR和IRS-2 mRNA表达水平、免疫组化法测肝细胞InsR蛋白表达水平、葡萄糖氧化酶法测血糖含量。结果与正常对照组比较,糖尿病对照组空腹血糖和血清胰岛素升高,而InsR和IRS-2 mRNA表达水平降低。与糖尿病组比较,高剂量AC组空腹血糖和血清胰岛素降低,而InsR和IRS-2mRNA表达水平升高,各项差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论明日叶查尔酮可上调2型糖尿病大鼠肝细胞InsR和IRS-2mRNA表达水平,改善胰岛素抵抗状况。     

一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶在冷应激性高血压形成中的变化

目的研究一氧化氮(NO)及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)在冷应激性高血压(CIH)中的变化情况。方法60只雄性SD大鼠适应性饲养2周后随机分为正常对照组(25±1)℃和寒冷暴露组(4±1)℃,每天暴露4 h,持续6周,每周测量2次大鼠的血压和心率。每组又分为3个小组,分别在暴露第2、4、6周处死,观察其血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、心肌匀浆NO和NOS水平的变化。结果(1)暴露组大鼠血压从第2周开始明显升高[(94．16±3.81)mm Hg],与对照组[(88．77±4．45) mm Hg]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0．01);随着暴露时间的延长,血压继续升高,至第6周达到最高,暴露组[(116．78±3．79)mm ng]与对照组[(86．19±2．79)mm Hg]的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而对照组大鼠血压在整个实验过程中变化不明显。(2)随着血压升高,大鼠血浆SOD活力下降,从第2周持续到第6周,与相应的对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0．05);血浆MDA的水平有所升高,但与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0．05);心肌NOS活力从第2周开始降低,至第4周与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P<0．01),持续到第6周;心肌NO含量有所降低,但与对照组的差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论寒冷暴露能诱发大鼠CIH模型,随着血压升高,氧化应激水平增强,而NO含量和NOS活力降低,提示NO、NOS参与了CIH的形成。     

运动和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对糖尿病大鼠心肌间质蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察游泳训练和/或表没食子儿茶素没食子酸醋(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)对2型糖尿病大鼠心肌间质蛋白表达的影响及其与心肌TGF-β/Smads信号通路的关系.方法 6周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠,采用6周高脂饲料喂养加腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ,30 mg/kg)复制2型糖尿病大鼠模型...     

三唑磷杀虫剂的亚慢性毒性研究

[目的]研究三唑磷杀虫剂对大鼠的亚慢性毒性作用。[方法]设4组，每组13只雌性和13只雄性别大鼠连续13周分别以含三唑磷0、1、20、400mg/kg摄食染毒，观察大鼠一般状况、体重及饲料、水消耗状况，并于第7和13周分别取大鼠的尿分析尿常规指标，于第13周取大鼠的血分析血常规和生化指标；于染毒后第2、4、6、13周分别取大鼠的血液分析其全血胆碱酯酶活性；于染毒后第13周处死全部大鼠，取其脏器称重计算脏器系数，并通过病理组织检查分析对脏器的损害情况。[结果]各剂量组大鼠13周内均无死亡。400mg/kg剂量组大鼠的体重明显低于对照组，肝脏脏器系数以及血碱性磷酸酶、甘油三酯指标明显高于对照组。20、400mg/kg组的红细胞数和血红蛋白数明显低于对照组。胆碱酯酶活性4周时400mg/kg剂量组雌鼠抑制率37．1％，雄鼠抑制串29．2％；20mg/kg剂量组雌鼠抑制率15．7％，雄鼠抑制率13．2％；6周时1mg/kg剂量组雌鼠抑制率12％，雄鼠抑制率6．9％。[结论]大鼠13周连续摄入400mg/kg剂量的三唑磷对体重和肝脏有轻微影响。三唑磷最低观察到毒作用剂量为20mg/kg，最大未观察到毒作用剂量为1mg/kg。     

羊骨胶原肽对实验性高血压大鼠血压和血脂的影响

目的观察羊骨胶原肽(SBCP)对实验性高血压大鼠血压和血脂的影响;方法经口给予正常SD大鼠一氧化氮合酶抑制剂(L-NAME)建立一氧化氮缺乏性高血压模型。40只SD大鼠随机分为空白组(给予蒸馏水)、对照组(单纯给予L-NAME,15mg/kg bw·d)、样品1组和样品2组(给予L-NAME15mg/kg bw·d,同时分别给予1000mg/kg bw d SBCP 1及SBCP 2),观察大鼠一般状况及血压、心率和血脂的变化。结果给予L-NAME1w后对照组及样品1组、样品2组大鼠血压即明显高于实验前和空白组。随后样品1组和样品2组大鼠的血压开始持续回落,从第3周开始至实验结束,两组血压均低于对照组,并有显著性差别;在实验期间各组大鼠心率变化、体重增长量、食物利用率的差异均无显著性,各组大鼠血脂均在正常范围。结论在不影响心率的条件下,经口给予SBCP在体内具有一定的降血压作用,但对大鼠的血脂没有明显影响。