基于红黑树的STL数据快速拓扑重建算法

STL文件是一种应用广泛的三角网格表示文件,其中拓扑结构的构建直接关系到后续应用的效果。本文提出的基于红黑树的STL文件快速拓扑重建算法以红黑树为基础数据结构,采用以三角片为单位的思想,将冗余点去除与拓扑结构的建立相融合,完成了对STL文件的半边拓扑结构的快速重建,同时还保证了良好的可扩展性。经实例测试,该算法可以高效、稳定的完成STL文件的拓扑重建工作。     

快速原型制造中实体信息描述与容错切片

从数学上说明了用 STL文件数据格式可以保证快速成形技术的通用性 ,以及如何重建和显化物体表面的拓扑信息 ;引进容错技术 ,对有错的STL文件直接切片。     

STL文件缺陷分析及修补算法研究

STL(Stereolithography)文件是一种三维实体表述文件,广泛应用于快速成型以及其它领域。这里分析了STL文件的规范以及其缺陷特点,给出了不同类型缺陷的修补策略。特别是针对STL文件不含拓扑信息的特点,引进哈希表构造了一种用于表达STL拓扑信息的数据结构,提高了建立拓扑信息的速度以及识别和修补缺陷的效率。本文对最复杂形式的孔-连环孔进行了研究,彻底解决了孔隙的修补问题。实践证明该修补算法稳定可靠。     

ACIS平台在STL网格模型拓扑重构中的应用

STL文件描述的是一种离散的实体表面三角面片模型,模型中的所有三角面片是无序的,也不存在拓扑信息。然而在许多应用系统,需要借助模型的拓扑关系进行分析,以快速、准确地操作模型数据。重点研究STL网格模型的拓扑重构问题,在读取STL文件几何信息基础上,分析ACIS模型的数据结构,确定重构模型的拓扑结构,通过ACIS平台提取所需的拓扑信息,实现STL网格模型到ACIS的拓扑模型的重构。最后,通过实例验证重构算法的正确性。     

基于邻域关系的STL文件拓扑重建技术

针对以STL文件描述的网格模型,详细分析了STL文件模型的几何数据结构特性;提出了采用顶点一环邻域的拓扑结构对STL模型进行快速重建;对基于Hash和红黑树的冗余点合并算法进行了分析,分别设计了适应于两者存储节点的数据结构。实例分析表明本文算法在冗余顶点合并和邻域拓扑重建在效率上有着良好的体现。     

Parasolid数据的STL变换研究

为满足CAD软件与快速成形领域的数据交换需要,提出了一种Parasolid数据的STL变换方法。利用Parasolid建模核心的PK-TOPOL-facet()函数将Parasolid模型按STL文件规则进行三角网格化,通过返回的拓扑信息构建三角面片与它的顶点和法向量的拓扑关系,并由此生成了STL文件。应用实例和Solidworks软件诊断表明,采用该方法可以将Parasolid文件变换为STL文件,生成的STL模型中无错误面和缝隙存在。     

基于STL文件的变密度三维全六面体网格自动生成方法

针对STL文件在传递复杂几何实体模型信息方面具有精度较高的特点，提出了一种基于STL文件变密度三维全六面体网格自动生成方法，给出了STL文件的数据格式及其内容约定，详细阐述了基于STL文件空间CAE模型表面特征自动识别、拓扑关系的生成和变密度栅格法加密信息场的建立等关键技术。实现了在实体模型表面曲率较大和厚度较小的局部区域进行协调加密，可以获得与实体模型边界吻合良好的全六面体协调网格，适合于工程问题的有限元分析计算。若干复杂实体模型算例表明，该算法实用性强，效果良好。     

一种基于STEP的CAD模型直接分层方法

提出了一种基于产品模型数据交换标准的3维计算机辅助设计实体模型直接分层方法,零件的原始计算机辅助设计模型以产品模型数据交换标准中性文件的格式输入分层系统,系统提取其几何拓扑信息并重建计算机内部几何模型。用户选择零件的制作方向并指定分层厚度后,系统自动对计算机辅助设计模型进行直接分层,分层结果可直接送到各种快速成型系统加工。基于产品模型数据交换标准的计算机辅助设计模型直接分层不依赖任何特定的计算机辅助设计系统,通用性、灵活性好,而且产品模型数据交换标准文件的数据量大大小于STL文件,有利于网络化设计与制造环境下的数据传输与交换。     

基于哈希表的STL格式文件拓扑重建的算法

针对STL文件所包含的三角面片之间缺乏必要的拓扑关系,在对STL格式文件进行分析和读取时,采用了基于哈希表的拓扑重建算法。首先,以哈希表作为查找表,查找每一个三角形的顶点并将冗余顶点去除;然后,建立1个包含所有不重复顶点的点表和包含所有三角形在点表中索引值的面表,通过建立的点表和面表快速地实现拓扑结构的重建,使其后续的切片效率大大提高。     

STL可视化过程中的若干数据处理研究

STL文件格式采用一系列三角面来表达三维实体模型,是快速成型领域描述三维实体模型的标准文件格式。通过研究STL文件格式的特点,以Visual C++6.0作为开发平台,结合OpenGL图形编程技术,成功实现STL三维模型的可视化。针对STL文件存在大量冗余数据及无几何拓扑关系等缺点,给出了相应的去冗余数据存储方法以及建立几何拓扑关系的解决方案;节省了存储空间,并为后续进行STL直接切片提供了良好的数据结构。     

An Effective Error-Tolerance Slicing Algorithm for STL Files

Although the STL (stereo lithography) file format is the de facto standard for the rapid prototyping industries, there are always some defects in STL files, many of which are difficult to correct. Instead of correcting the defects of bad STL files by a manual, interactive and complex approach with an STL file correction program, an error-tolerance slicing algorithm for STL files is proposed in this paper. With the detailed analysis of complex defects such as cracks and non-manifold facets, a complete topological structure for the facets model with defects is built and the layer is sliced effectively. The badly sliced contour is processed by crack-tracking and non-manifold facet travelling methods to obtain a correct contour in a relatively easy 2D way.     

STL格式文件的拓扑重建方法研究

STL格式文件用三角网格面来描述实体模型,实际应用如逆向工程中需要建立三角形、边和顶点的邻接拓扑关系,其中查找并去除重复顶点是建立拓扑结构的关键.本文通过分析STL格式文件的数据结构特点,建立准确、清晰、简单的拓扑结构,为后续数控加工及STL数据的其他方面的应用提供了极大的方便.     

ADAPTIVE LAYERED CARTESIAN CUT CELL METHOD FOR THE UNSTRUCTURED HEXAHEDRAL GRIDS GENERATION

Adaptive layered Cartesian cut cell method is presented to solve the difficulty of the unstructured hexahedral anisotropic Cartesian grids generation from the complex CAD model. Vertex merging algorithm based on relaxed AVL tree is investigated to construct topological structure for stereo lithography (STL) files,and a topology-based self-adaptive layered slicing algorithm with special features control strategy is brought forward. With the help of convex hull,a new points-in-polygon method is employed to improve the Cartesian cut cell method. By integrating the self-adaptive layered slicing algorithm and the improved Cartesian cut cell method,the adaptive layered Cartesian cut cell method gains the volume data of the complex CAD model in STL file and generates the unstructured hexahedral anisotropic Cartesian grids.     

Interface between CAD and Rapid Prototyping systems. Part 2: LMI — An improved interface

The STL (STereoLithography) file format, as developed by 3D Systems, has been widely used by most Rapid Prototyping (RP) systems and is supported by all major computer-aided design (CAD) systems. However, it is necessary to improve the STL format to meet the development needs of RP technologies. In Part 1, several existing and proposed formats have been discussed. This paper, Part 2, will present an improved interface between CAD and RP systems. The new interface is a file format that supports the STL format, removes redundant information in the STL format and adds topological information to balance storage and processing cost. In addition to supporting facet boundary models, the new interface supports precise models by using the edge-based boundary representation. This paper discusses the design considerations of the new interface and data structures for both facet models and precise models. Finally, a comparison of the new interface and the STL file format will be made.     

基于STL文件的实体分割算法研究

由于快速成型机加工尺寸的限制,难于制造尺寸较大的零件。针对这一问题本文提出一种基于STL文件格 式的实体分割算法,对STL文件分割过程中的关键问题进行了详细地论述,包括:截面轮廓的生成,截交三角面片的 处理和截面轮廓的三角化算法;通过对STL文件的分割处理,提高了快速成型系统对大尺寸零件的制造能力。     

Enhanced STL

STL format is widely used as a de facto industry standard in the rapid prototyping industry due to its simplicity and robustness. However, on account of its shortcomings and inadequacy in applications, many interface alternatives have been brought forward. In this paper, a new scheme is proposed to enhance the approximation accuracy and to extend functions of STL by means of introducing additional feature and attribute codes into STL format. The geometry feature code describes a tetrahedron based on the STL triangular facet, which provides better approximation to the object surface covering. The attribute code attaches attributes of object surfaces such as colours and markers to STL triangular facets. Moreover, the enhanced STL also shares the structure of binary STL format by filling feature and attribute codes into its blanks, and therefore is compatible with STL. Compared with STL, the enhanced STL provides not only higher accuracy with the same file size and compatible format, but also colour and marker functions for rapid prototyping.     

STL file generation from digitised data points based on triangulation of 3D parametric surfaces

For the current generation of rapid-prototyping models, laser scanners are currently being used more frequently due to rapid first measuring speed and high precision. Direct generation of an STL file from the digitised points has a great of advantage in that it can reduce time and error during the modelling process. A reduction in the number of point data is important while generating the STL file directly from the measured point data and maintaining precision. A new approach is developed in this paper to generate an STL file directly from point clouds by indicating a tolerance ε to maintain precision. The STL file can be generated directly from scattered points using a new algorithm that reduces and triangulates digitised point data based on triangulation of 3D parametric surfaces. Two experimental examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.     

一种新的STL数据压缩存储格式

针对STL文件冗余过多,不便于文件传输的缺陷,提出一种新的STL数据文件存储格式－－压缩STL数据格式。这种格式顶点按z、y、x方向进行排序,按顺序存储各点的坐标,接着按右手规则建立三角形面对点的索引,依次保存每个面的索引信息,完整地保留了STL文件的全部信息,同时尽可能地减少数据冗余,使压缩STL文件的尺寸大约为原二进制格式文件的1／3－1／2,非常有利于网络制造过程的文件伟输。此外由于数据已经排序,数据处理时间大大缩短。