“意识表达系统”可为脑意识、医疗等的讨论平台

有关意识研究、植物人、脑死亡均是近年学术界极为关心的重大课题。三者之间的关键就是如何理解人类意识的反应器官。笔者立足于信息哲学，从计算机的操作系统入手，建构了脑操作系统；从计算机有不同的计算机语言的启示，脑操作系统的内部亦应有不同的脑语言结构；不同层次的脑语言表达了不同的意识层次内容。由此认为可建构一个新的生理系统——人类意识表达系统，有利制定合理的医疗方案，对相关的研究亦有一个适当的讨论平台。     

针刺对局部脑血流量和脑活动功能的影响

针刺对局部脑血流量和脑活动功能的影响贾少微王凡郑溪园郭一玲辛镇祓卢慧陈佐伟应用单光子发射计算机断层（ＳＰＥＣＴ）和脑灌注显像剂９９ｍＴｃ－双半胱乙酯（ＥＣＤ），研究了针刺时局部脑血流量（ｒＣＢＦ）和脑功能活动的变化。现将结果报道如下。一、对象和方法１...     

血流变学的变化对脑功能的影响

目的 用计算机处理的脑电功率谱（ＡＰＳ）指标δ＋θ／α＋β及θ／β观察脑动脉梗化病人在血流变正常或高粘度症下其脑电功率谱的改变,探讨血流变变化对脑功能的影响。结果 当高粘血症时,脑电活动抑制,表现为慢波活动（δ、θ）增多,而快波活动（α、β）相应减少。结论 采用无创的ＡＰＳ测定同血流变学检查相结合的方法可以间接地了解脑部的供血情况。     

基于VOSviewer和CiteSpace可视化分析“脑-肠轴”理论的研究热点与前沿

目的 分析中外“脑-肠轴”理论相关研究文献,了解该领域研究脉络、热点和发展趋势。方法 计算机检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、Web of Science数据库建库至2022年5月11日期间收录的“脑-肠轴”“脑肠互动”相关中、英文文献。采用CiteSpace 6.1R3和VOSviewer 1.6.18软件绘制作者、关键词、文献共被引、聚类、突现及时间线科学知识图谱,并进行分析。结果 共纳入中文文献1318篇,英文文献1022篇。在2018年后,国内外相关研究皆迎来爆发式增长。中文高频关键词有“脑肠轴”“肠道微生物”“肠易激综合征”“抑郁症”“微生物-肠-脑轴”“功能性消化不良”“机制”“脑肠肽”“针刺”“综述”等,关键词共形成15个聚类,形成10个突现关键词。英文高频关键词有“brain-gut axis”“irritable bowel syndrome”“microbiome”“stress”“gut microbiota”“depression”“anxiety”“intestinal microbiota”“in...     

CT引导计算机辅助脑立体定向手术的心理护理

护理工作中心理护理成为整体护理中重要的一部分 ,现将我院神经外科开展整体化护理模式病房 3年来 ,在脑立体定向手术过程中对病人的心理护理体会给予总结。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料 :应用Ｈｂ -Ⅱ型国产立体定向仪共同完成脑立体定向手术病例 5 0例 :男性 4 2例 ,女性8例 ;年龄最小 6岁 ,最大 70岁。1.2　方法 :ＣＴ引导计算机辅助脑立体定向手术是当代微侵袭神经外科的代表 ,它是利用立体定向仪在ＣＴ引导计算机辅助下将微侵袭手术器械如脑穿刺针、射频电极、脑组织活检针、引流管等 ,通过颅骨钻孔送到脑组织深部某些病变结构中进行手术…     

计算机辅助现代脑立体定向技术治疗脑内血肿

现代脑立体定向技术是1980年代后世界医学领域发展最快的学科之一,目前已经进入了一个以先进的计算机技术为基础、高清晰度影像(ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ)技术为引导的崭新发展时期[1、2]。我院从1996-06～1999-10应用计算机辅助现代脑立体定向技术成功治疗脑内血肿患者21例,对引入高新技术改进传统手术方法进行了大胆尝试,获得满意效果,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　　一般资料　本组21例,男13例,女8例,年龄34～77岁,平均555岁。1.2　　症状及体征　急性12例,亚急性9例。10例昏迷,其中脑疝4例。头痛、呕吐17例,偏瘫20例,失语14例。1.3　出血部位　基…     

头部γ-刀治疗肺癌脑转移瘤的临床疗效探讨

目的探讨头部γ-刀对肺癌脑转移瘤的治疗方法及疗效。方法利用γ-刀治疗肺癌脑转移瘤患者92例,其中单发24例,多发68例,共186个病灶。对28例多发、分散的病灶及7例较大的病灶进行了两次γ-刀治疗。38例脑转移瘤患者进行了γ-刀术前或术后的全脑放疗。结果随访6～24个月,大部分患者临床症状及体征有好转,完全缓解42个(22.6%),部分缓解119个(64%),无变化18个(9.7%),进展7个(3.8%)。γ-刀治疗后3、6、12个月的生存率分别为92.4%、73.9%、41.3%。结论头部γ-刀治疗肺癌脑转移瘤安全有效,肿瘤局部控制率高,能提高生活质量,延长患者生命。对多发且分散的病灶可行两次γ-刀治疗,对较大的病灶行分次治疗,可达到控制肿瘤的目的。     

脑活素在脑血管病康复期的临床疗效研究

探讨脑活素对脑血管病康复期的疗效。方法:对54例患者根据其临床特点、计算机断层扫描(CT)所见,均用脑活素20ml/日,15日为一疗程。结果:其有效率达92.5％。结论:脑活素对血管机制或免疫介导的神经系统疾病有治疗价值;对脑血管病康复期不论其病程长短均有一定疗效。     

计算机辅助脑立体定向技术在颅内小病灶诊治方面的临床应用

随着计算机及影像学技术的迅猛发展,计算机辅助脑立体定向技术的临床应用越来越广泛.2002年10月至2004年10月,我科应用FischerZD脑立体定向系统对28例颅内小病灶患者进行诊断及治疗,效果良好,现总结报告如下.     

立体定向放射治疗配合全脑照射治疗脑转移瘤疗效分析

目的分析立体定向放射治疗（SRT）配合全脑照射治疗脑转移瘤。方法对3个病灶以下（包括3个病灶）的12例脑转移瘤患者进行SRT配合全脑照射；对3个病灶以上的15例脑转移瘤患者单纯全脑照射。SRT配合全脑照射时：SRT，6GY／次，共6次， 每日1次，总量36GY；然后全脑照射，2GY／次，总量32-36GY，3-4周。单存全脑照射：采用6MVX线，2GY／次，总量40-50GY，4-5周。结果SRT配合全脑放射治疗组5例完全消失，4例部分消失，总缓解率75％；单纯全脑照射组3例完全消失，7例部分消失，总缓解率66．7％。结论SRT配合全脑照射较单纯全脑照射肿瘤缓解率高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.