MT1-MMP和MMP11在肺癌中的表达及其预后价值

目的探讨MT1-MMP和MMP11在肺癌组织中的表达及其与浸润转移和预后的关系。方法采用免疫组化检测47例肺鳞癌和42例肺腺癌组织中MT1-MMP和MMP11蛋白的表达。结果 MT1-MMP蛋白阳性表达率在肺鳞癌和腺癌组织中分别为68.1%(32/47)和64.3%(27/42)(P=0.705),其表达与T分期、淋巴结转移和TNM分期相关(P<0.05)。MMP11蛋白在肺鳞癌和腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为61.7%(29/47)和57.1%(24/42)(P=0.662),其表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期相关(P<0.05)。MT1-MMP和MMP11表达呈正相关(γ=0.332,P=0.001)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示MT1-MMP和MMP11阳性表达组5年生存率均显著低于阴性表达组(P<0.05)。结论MT1-MMP和MMP11的表达与肺癌的浸润转移密切相关,两者的阳性表达均提示肺癌患者的不良预后。     

MMP13在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其预后价值

目的 探讨MMP13在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的表达及其与浸润、转移和预后的关系。方法 采用免疫组化法检测87例NSCLC组织和30例癌旁正常组织中MMP13蛋白的表达水平。分析MMP13表达与NSCLC临床病理特征的关系,应用Kaplan-Meier法和多因素Cox模型对87例NSCLC患者的生存进行分析。结果MMP13在NSCLC组织和癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率分别为70.1％（61／87）和6.7％（2／30）,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。MMP13表达与T分期、淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关（P＜0.05）。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析曲线显示,MMP13阳性表达组患者的5年生存率为18。4％,显著低于阴性表达组的52。1％（P=0.001）,同时TNM分期（P＜0.001）、淋巴结转移（P＜0.001）和T分期（P=0.002）均可影响生存期。Cox模型多因素分析显示,仅MMP13表达（P=0.042）和TNM分期（P=0.001）是影响肺癌预后的独立因素。结论 MMP13与肺癌的浸润和转移密切相关,可能是肺癌预后判断的一项指标。     

Annexin Ⅱ在肺鳞癌、腺癌中的表达及意义

背景与目的 Annexin Ⅱ是一类钙依赖性磷脂结合蛋白,在许多的细胞功能中发挥作用,已有研究显示annexin Ⅱ参与肿瘤的发牛发展.本研究通过检测膜联蛋白Ⅱ(annexin Ⅱ)在肺癌组织中的表达情况,分析annexin Ⅱ与各临床病理因素间的关系.方法 应用免疫组组织化学(sP法)检测110例肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中annexinⅡ的表达;应用Western Blot方法 检测40例肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织及相应癌旁正常肺组织中annexinⅡ蛋白的表达.结果 在110例肺癌组织中,有67例为annexin Ⅱ高表达(60.9%),鳞癌为胞膜表达,腺癌为胞膜表达或胞膜与胞浆均有表达,但以胞膜表达为主.Annexin Ⅱ的表达情况与肺癌患者的淋巴结转移(P=0.008)及TNM分期(P=0.002)相关.Annexin Ⅱ蛋白在肺鳞癌、腺癌和癌旁组织中均有表达,在癌组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常肺组织(P＜0.001).结论 Annexin Ⅱ蛋白的表达与肺鳞癌及腺癌的发展密切相关.     

TSG101与P21及P300/CBP在肺鳞癌和肺腺癌中的表达及意义

背景与目的 在成纤维细胞3T3随机突变试验中证实肿瘤易感基因TSG101(tumor susceptibility gene 101)是一个潜在的肿瘤抑制基因.本研究的目的旨在探讨TSG101在肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中的表达,以及与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、组织类型、肿瘤分化、分期、淋巴结转移的关系,分析其与P21及P300/CBP是否存在相关性.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法(SP法)检测79例肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织及相应癌旁正常肺组织中TSG101、P21及P300/CBP的表达情况,并结合临床病理资料进行分析.采用Western blot方法检测TSG101在26例肺癌及其在相应正常肺组织中蛋白的表达情况.结果 TSG101、P21及P300/CBP在肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中的表达率分别为59.49%、60.76%及56.96%,TSG101的表达与P21、P300/CBP的表达呈显著正相关.TSG101、P21及P300/CBP在中高分化肺癌中的表达显著高于低分化肺癌(P均＜0.05);不伴有淋巴结转移的肺癌组织中TSG101、P21及P300/CBP的表达显著高于伴有淋巴结转移者(P＜0.05).TSG101在肺鳞癌和肺腺癌中的蛋白水平显著低于其在相应正常肺组织中的表达.结论 TSG101、P21及P300/CBP的表达与肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织的分化、转移密切相关,且三者在肺癌中的表达呈显著正相关,可作为评价肺癌浸润、转移的生物学标志.     

IGF1R和IGFBP3在肺鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:检测IGF1R、IGFBP3在肺鳞癌组织中的表达,并探讨其在肺鳞癌发生发展中的作用及其临床意义。方法:用免疫组化二步法检测246例肺鳞癌术后组织与40例癌旁正常组织中IGF1R、IGFBP3的表达情况,并分析二者的相关性及与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果:IGF1R在肺鳞癌组织中的阳性表达明显高于癌旁正常组织,其表达率分别为54.07%、32.5%,IGFBP3在肺鳞癌组织中的阳性表达明显低于癌旁正常组织,其表达率分别为61.79%、87.5%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。IGF1R的表达与淋巴结转移正相关（P＜0.05）,IGFBP3的表达与肺癌的TNM分期、淋巴结转移负相关（P＜0.01）,而与其他临床病理参数无关（P＞0.05）。IGF1R阳性表达组患者生存期明显短于IGF1R阴性表达组患者,IGFBP3阳性表达组患者生存期明显长于IGFBP3阴性表达组患者,差异有统计学意义（P分别为<0.001和=0.001）。Cox单因素分析显示TNM分期、淋巴结转移、IGF1R及IGFBP3的表达均与预后相关,将TNM分期、淋巴结转移、IGF1R及IGFBP3的表达进行Cox回归多因素分析,结果显示TNM分期、IGF1R及IGFBP3的表达均为肺鳞癌患者的独立预后因子。IGF1R、IGFBP3在肺鳞癌组织中表达呈负相关（r=-0.204,P＜0.001）。结论:IGF1R、IGFBP3参与了肺鳞癌的发生、发展,并且二者均为肺鳞癌的独立预后因子。有望成为分子靶向治疗的新靶点。     

肺癌组织Axin与DNMT1表达及其生物学意义的探讨

目的:分析Axin和DNA甲基转移酶1(DNMT1)在肺癌组织中的表达和相关性,及其与肺鳞癌和腺癌临床病理因素的关系。方法:采用免疫组化方法检测Axin和DNMT1在100例肺癌组织中的表达情况。结果:Axin在肺鳞癌和腺癌组织中表达明显减少,其细胞质表达与肺癌的分化程度相关(P=0.044),核表达与肺癌的组织学类型(P=0.001)和TNM分期(P=0.016)相关。DNMT1在肺癌组织中的表达明显增加,并与肺鳞癌和腺癌的组织学类型(P=0.005)、分化程度(P=0.038)、TNM分期(P=0.031)和淋巴结转移(P=0.032)显著相关。Axin在肺癌组织中的低表达与DNMT1高表达显著负相关(r=-0.222,P=0.027),而在肺腺癌组织中Axin的核表达也与DN-MT1的表达显著负相关,r=-0.308,P=0.026。结论:Axin在肺鳞癌和腺癌组织中的低表达与DNMT1的高表达显著相关。DNMT1的表达可以作为肺癌恶性程度和进展情况的指标之一。     

NSCLC原发部位和转移淋巴结中PD-L1的表达及临床分析

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌原发部位和转移淋巴结中程序性细胞死亡因子1配体(programmed death-lig-and 1,PD-L1)的表达水平及其临床特征和预后情况.方法 收集病理组织学确诊的55例非小细胞肺癌手术标本和40例超声支气管内镜活检的淋巴结标本.采用免疫组织化学法和实时荧光定量PCR法检测PD-L1蛋白和mRNA的表达.采用生存分析探讨PD-L1蛋白表达和肺癌患者预后的关系.结果 PD-L1蛋白在非小细胞肺癌原发部位的阳性率是23.6%(13/55).PD-L1表达阳性率在病理类型(腺癌vs鳞癌,P=0.047)和病理分期(Ⅰ期vsⅡ~Ⅲ期,P=0.025)方面差异均具有统计学意义.PD-L1蛋白表达阳性患者平均无复发生存时间较短(P=0.049).PD-L1 mRNA在原发部位鳞癌组织中的表达高于腺癌组织(P=0.017),且随病理分期的增加而升高(P=0.029).原发部位和转移淋巴结中PD-L1蛋白和mRNA的表达差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).PD-L1蛋白在转移淋巴结中的表达在患者年龄、性别、吸烟状态、病理类型、分化程度、病理分期和总生存方面差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论 PD-L1可促进非小细胞肺癌细胞的浸润和转移,在原发部位鳞癌组织中的表达高于腺癌组织.     

肺癌组织中雌激素受体α和雌激素受体β的表达及临床意义

目的 研究雌激素受体α(ERα)和雌激素受体β(ERβ)在肺癌组织中的表达及与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系.方法 将698例肺癌石蜡标本构建组织芯片,其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)651例(包括腺癌309例,鳞癌342例),小细胞肺癌(SCLC)47例.采用免疫组化法检测ERα和ERβ蛋白在肺癌组织和正常肺组织中的表达,并分析ERα和ERβ蛋白的表达与NSCLC患者临床病理特征和预后的关系.结果 ERα和ERβ蛋白在正常肺组织中的阳性表达率分别为0和25.0％.ERα蛋白在腺癌、鳞癌和SCLC组织中的阳性表达率分别为70.8％ (209/295)、51.2％ (169/330)19.1％ (9/47),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).ERβ蛋白在腺癌、鳞癌和SCLC组织中的阳性表达率分别为67.3％ (200/297)、43.5％(140/322)和66.0％ (31/47),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).ERα蛋白的表达与NSCLC患者的吸烟史、病理分期和淋巴结转移有关(均P＜0.05),而与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小和分化程度无关(均P＞0.05).ERβ蛋白的表达与患者的性别、吸烟史、病理分期和淋巴结转移有关(均P ＜0.05),而与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小和分化程度无关(均P＞0.05).398例NSCLC患者完成随访,ERα和ERβ蛋白在不同分期和不同组织类型NSCLC中的表达均与患者的预后无关(均P ＞0.05).结论 ERα和ERβ蛋白在肺腺癌、鳞癌和SCLC组织中的表达存在明显差异.在NSCLC中,ERα和ERβ蛋白的表达与吸烟、病理分期、淋巴结转移均有关,且女性NSCLC患者ERβ蛋白的表达高于男性.     

肺腺癌患者癌组织中MAP4的表达水平及其与病理参数、预后的关系

目的:分析肺腺癌患者癌组织中微管关联蛋白4（MAP4）的表达水平及其与病理参数、预后的关系。方法:选取我院2014年1月至2015年1月82例非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者,利用免疫组织化学染色法对手术切除的癌组织及其癌旁正常组织的MAP4蛋白表达水平进行检测,并分析MAP4蛋白表达与患者临床病理参数和预后的关系。结果:MAP4蛋白在肺腺癌组织中的高表达率和表达水平均明显高于癌旁正常组织（P＜0.05）;其表达水平与肺腺癌患者的肿瘤浸润分期、淋巴结转移、分化等级相关（P＜0.05）。3年随访显示MAP4蛋白高表达组患者的中位生存时间、无病生存率、总生存率明显低于低表达组（P＜0.05）;Logistic回归分析MAP4表达水平、肿瘤浸润分期、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、分化等级均是肺腺癌患者预后不良的危险因素。结论:肺腺癌患者肿瘤组织中MAP4蛋白水平高表达可能会促进患者的病程发展,且是预测患者不良预后的危险因素。     

肺腺癌中间隙连接蛋白Cx43的表达

目的:观察间隙连接蛋白Cx43(connexin 43,Cx43)在人肺癌组织中的表达,并探讨其与肺癌的发生、发展和预后的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测146例肺腺癌组织中Cx43的表达,并分析其与癌浸润程度、分化、分期等病理特征及预后之间的相关性。结果:在高/中分化和低/未分化的肺腺癌组织中阳性表达率分别为48.7%和30.0%(P<0.05);Cx43在无淋巴结转移和有淋巴结转移的肺腺癌组织中阳性表达率分别为56.3%和34.5%(P<0.05);Cx43在I、II期和III、IV期肺腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为51.6%和34.0%(P<0.05)。结论:Cx43的表达与人肺腺癌的组织分化、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、预后相关,可能参与人肺腺癌发生发展的过程,并可能是肺腺癌预后相关的指标之一。     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and risk for esophageal and head and neck cancers

Alcoholic beverages are causally related to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetate by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), both of which have genetic polymorphisms. A review of case-control studies of the effects of ALDH2, ADH2 and ADH3 genotypes shows consistently positive associations between inactive heterozygous ALDH2 and the less-active ADH2 genotypes and the risk for esophageal cancer in East Asian heavy drinkers and this enzyme-related vulnerability may extend to light-to-moderate drinkers. Some studies suggest similar associations with the risk for head and neck cancer in moderate-to-heavy-drinking Japanese. An established carcinogen in experimental animals, acetaldehyde can interact with human DNA. ALDH2-associated cancer susceptibility fits into a scenario in which acetaldehyde plays a critical role in the development of human cancer. Alcohol flushing and drinking behavior may partly explain this carcinogenic effect in carriers of less-active ADH2 genotypes. Whether the ADH3 genotype influences head and neck cancer risk in Western nations is controversial. Professional and public education about risky conditions connected to the ALDH2 and ADH2 genotypes and environmental factors is important in a new strategic approach to the prevention of alcohol-related cancers in East Asians. The use of simple tests to identify inactive ALDH2 on the basis of alcohol flushing responses could benefit many people, by helping them to identify their own cancer risks. Such testing could also help clinicians diagnose esophageal cancer earlier, through the use of endoscopic screening in the high-risk population.     

Religiosity and Physical and Emotional Functioning Among African American and White Colorectal and Lung Cancer Patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.