初诊超高龄多发性骨髓瘤患者硼替佐米基础方案治疗的生存预后分析

背景 多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种高度异质性疾病，超高龄老年MM患者是一类特殊群体，其治疗决策和一般评价缺乏一定的循证医学依据，在衰弱评估方面也有一定争议。目的 分析以硼替佐米为基础方案治疗初诊超高龄MM患者的一般临床特征和生存预后的影响因素，同时评价超高龄MM患者一般状况的最佳评估模式。方法 回顾性分析2013年11月—2023年1月于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院石景山院区收治的29例初诊超高龄MM患者病例资料，通过首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院病案系统进行生存随访，随访截至2023-04-01，本研究结局终点为总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）。根据治疗方案将患者分为两药治疗组（n=18）和三药治疗组（n=11），比较两组患者临床和遗传学特征。采用老年评分系统（GA）评分、英国骨髓瘤研究联盟风险状况（MRP）评分和梅奥（Mayo）评分评估患者的衰弱状态，并进行疗效评价。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制MM患者OS和PFS的生存曲线，不同影响因素的生存曲线比较采用Log-rank检验，采用多因素Cox比例风险回归分析探讨MM患者OS和PFS的影响因素。结果 随访中位PFS为8.7...     

硼替佐米联合自体造血干细胞移植治疗多发性骨髓瘤临床疗效及预后因素分析

目的探讨硼替佐米联合自体造血干细胞移植(autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,auto-HSCT)治疗多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)临床疗效及预后影响因素。方法自2011年1月～2018年2月,我院对53例MM患者行硼替佐米为基础诱导化疗,应用大剂量马法兰(MEL200)±硼替佐米(BOR)方案预处理,随访分析移植后反应率及长期生存情况,并对预后相关因素进行分析。结果诱导治疗后18例(34.0%)患者达到完全缓解(complete remission,CR)(预处理方案:均为MEL200方案),35例(66.0%)患者未达CR(预处理方案:MEL200方案17例,MEL200+BOR方案18例)。对诱导治疗后未达CR患者,移植后MEL200+BOR组CR率高于MEL200组(55.6%vs 17.6%,P0.05)。单因素分析显示,移植前获得CR、mSMART分期高危、初诊时ECOG评分≥2分为影响患者无进展生存期(progression free survival,PFS)的因素。移植前获得CR、mSMART分期高危、初诊时β2微球蛋白≥3.5 mg/L、初诊时体重指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)20 kg/m~2为影响患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)的因素。多因素分析显示,移植前获得CR为影响患者PFS的独立预测因素,mSMART高危、移植前未获得CR为影响患者OS的独立预测因素。结论硼替佐米联合自体造血干细胞移植治疗MM的疗效良好,预处理方案中加入硼替佐米可进一步提高CR率,移植前的状态、初诊时ECOG评分、初诊时β2微球蛋白浓度、mSMART分期与移植患者的预后密切相关。     

自体造血干细胞移植对多发性骨髓瘤的临床疗效

目的探讨自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的临床疗效。方法选取2010年9月至2018年12月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院血液科收治的49例诱导化疗后进行序贯ASCT治疗的MM患者,对患者进行随访,随访截止时间为2018年12月。比较移植前后的临床效果,统计造血重建效果、3年无进展生存(PFS)率和总体生存(OS)率。根据诱导化疗方案将患者分为传统化疗组(13例)和新药诱导组(36例)。传统化疗组患者接受不包括硼替佐米的方案进行诱导化疗,新药诱导组患者接受含有新药硼替佐米的化疗方案进行治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效、PFS率、OS率。结果 49例患者均获得造血重建,未发生移植相关死亡。移植后深度缓解率高于移植前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。至随访终点,49例MM患者疾病进展(PD)13例,死亡7例,3年PFS率和3年OS率分别为57.4%和62.1%。传统化疗组3年PFS率和3年OS率分别为38.1%和51.8%。新药诱导组3年PFS率和3年OS率分别为63.8%和66.5%。新药诱导组患者PFS率高于传统化疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。新药诱导组和传统化疗组OS率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ASCT可以进一步提高MM患者的缓解率和缓解深度,延长患者的OS和PFS,移植前采用包含硼替佐米的诱导治疗方法可以使患者更加获益。     

厄洛替尼在晚期非小细胞肺癌中的临床应用分析

目的 探讨厄洛替尼在晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者中的应用价值.方法 选择晚期NSCLC（腺癌和鳞癌）患者,腺癌和鳞癌患者均分为未治疗组、化疗组、靶向治疗组及化疗＋靶向治疗组.靶向治疗服用厄洛替尼.通过生存分析比较各组中位无进展生存期（PFS）及中位总生存期（OS）.结果 肺腺癌及肺非腺癌各自的四组间,中位PFS、OS均存在统计学差异,靶向治疗组中位PFS、OS均较未治疗组的长.肺腺癌患者中,表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）基因突变型组和野生型组的中位OS差别有统计学意义.结论 厄洛替尼治疗的晚期NSCLC患者中位PFS及OS较未治疗者长;厄洛替尼治疗的肺腺癌患者,EGFR基因突变型者中位OS较野生型者长.     

外周血淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值在初诊多发性骨髓瘤患者中的预后价值

目的 探讨外周血淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值（lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio,LMR）在初诊多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma,MM）患者中的预后价值。方法 回顾性分析2016年2月至2022年1月浙江大学医学院附属金华医院收治的156例初诊为MM患者的临床资料,应用受试者操作特征曲线（receiver operator characteristic curve,ROC曲线）计算LMR最佳临界值,并分析LMR与总生存（overall survival,OS）和无进展生存（progression free survival,PFS）的关系。结果 外周血LMR临界值为3.01时,据此将患者分为低LMR组（LMR<3.01,n=49）和高LMR组（LMR≥3.01,n=107）。中位随访时间30.5（3～75）个月,低LMR组患者的中位OS时间（55个月vs.未达到）和中位PFS时间（21个月vs.39个月）均显著短于高LMR组（P<0.05）;低LMR组患者的OS率和PFS率均显著低于高LMR组（P<0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示...     

低剂量沙利度胺联合常规化疗治疗多发性骨髓瘤的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨低剂量沙利度胺联合常规化疗治疗多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的临床疗效及不良反应。方法:MM患者26例,根据治疗方式分为观察组（13例）和对照组（13例）;对照组给予常规化疗,观察组在常规化疗基础上添加低剂量沙利度胺,对比2组患者治疗效果、不良反应及预后情况。结果:观察组治疗有效率为84.62%,对照组为46.15%,2组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。患者经治疗后出现血小板减少、白细胞降低等血液不良反应,部分患者出现轻度嗜睡、皮疹和便秘等症状,经治疗后症状有所缓解,观察组不良反应发生率为38.46%,对照组为46.15%,2组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组无进展生存时间（PFS）为（5.6±1.3）个月,总生存时间（OS）为（11.6±2.5）个月,对照组PFS为（3.8±0.9）个月,OS为（8.4±1.2）个月,观察组PFS和OS治疗后均明显长于对照组（P<0.01）。结论:低剂量沙利度胺联合常规化疗治疗MM效果显著,不良反应少,能有效延长患者生存时间,值得临床推广和应用。     

多发性骨髓瘤BD方案诱导序贯自体造血干细胞移植和移植后维持治疗的效果

目的观察多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者经标准BD方案(硼替佐米+地塞米松)诱导序贯自体造血干细胞移植(auto-HSCT)和移植后维持治疗的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2017年8月于郑州大学第一附属医院造血干细胞移植中心行BD方案序贯auto-HSCT及维持治疗的38例MM患者的临床资料。结果 38例MM患者中位随访时间为21个月(9～64个月),3 a总体生存(OS)率为67.4%,3 a无进展生存(PFS)率为54.3%。auto-HSCT后应用"硼替佐米+沙利度胺"维持治疗组3 a PFS率高于单用沙利度胺维持治疗组(57.5%比49.4%,P<0.05)。应用"硼替佐米+沙利度胺"维持治疗组3 a OS率与单用沙利度胺维持治疗组差异无统计学意义(80.0%比61.3%,P>0.05)。结论 BD方案序贯auto-HSCT是治疗MM的有效方法,移植后应用"硼替佐米+沙利度胺"进行维持治疗可进一步延长MM患者PFS。     

微小残留病灶监测在多发性骨髓瘤的临床预后应用

目的探讨流式细胞仪（FCM）检测追踪多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者骨髓微小残留病灶（MRD）变化的临床预后应用。方法应用FCM以骨髓瘤细胞（MC）特异分化抗原为标志检测48例初治MM患者MRD,并与传统骨髓形态学检查结果进行比较。结果FCM检测显示124份标本中共有108份标本MRD阳性,其中21份标本MC≥0.05,有87份标本MC≥0.0001且〈0.05,有16份标本MC〈0.0001（MRD阴性）,其中骨髓确诊复发的有10例,其中7例患者MRD持续阳性于4～28个月后出现骨髓复发,比骨髓象诊断复发平均提前10个月,预测各组患者复发的敏感性均为100%,特异性分别为完全缓解（CR）1～12个月组为22.2%（2/9）,CR13～24个月组为66.6%（2/9）,CR〉25个月组为66.6%（2/3）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=13.47,P〈0.05）。结论利用FCM能够对MM进行MRD监测预测复发,治疗初期患者MC〉0.0001,复发的危险性高,连续定期动态观察对提示复发、预测预后及指导个体化治疗有重要意义。     

多发性骨髓瘤伴肾功能损害的传统药物与新药疗效比较

目的 比较多发性骨髓瘤(MM)伴肾功能损害患者传统药物治疗与新药治疗情况,以提高对本病药物治疗的认识.方法 回顾性分析MM伴肾功能损害住院患者36例,将其分为新药治疗组及传统药物治疗组,其中22例患者接受VAD方案的传统化疗方案,14例患者接受以硼替佐米为基础的新药化疗方案.进行两组间临床资料的比较.结果 36例患者中,分型以轻链型最多见,占33.3％,IgA型占50％,IgG型占16.7％,传统药物治疗组完全缓解(CR)率为9.1％,部分缓解(PR)率为63.7％,微小反应(MR)率为9.1％,达最佳肾脏反应的中位时间为42 d,总生存期(OS)中位数为19个月,治疗失败时间(TTF)中位数为14个月;新药治疗组CR率为42.9％,PR率为28.6％,MR率为14.3％,达最佳肾脏反应的中位时间为26.5 d,OS中位数为25个月,TTF中位数为21个月.结论 以硼替佐米为基础的新药化疗方案对伴有肾功能不全的MM患者高效、安全,同时能够快速逆转其肾功能损害,传统药物化疗方案对部分伴有肾功能不全的MM患者能够逆转其肾功能损害,但不良反应大,骨髓瘤易进展.     

RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阳性急性髓系白血病M2型预后的影响因素分析

目的 分析影响RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阳性的急性髓系白血病M2型（AML-M2）患者的预后因素。方法 回顾性分析阜阳市人民医院2016年10月至2022年8月收治102例AML-M2患者临床资料，将其中64例RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阳性患者设为阳性组，将38例RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阴性患者设为阴性组，比较两组临床资料。采用Kaplan-Meier法，log-rank检验分析出对RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阳性患者总生存时间（OS）、无复发生存时间（RFS）有影响的因素，并应用Cox回归模型进一步分析影响预后的相关因素。结果 在RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因阳性的AML-M2患者预后因素分析中，单因素结果显示，CD19阳性、诱导治疗后MRD下降>3个对数级、治疗后融合基因转阴是影响患者OS预后良好的因素（P<0.05），诱导治疗后MRD下降>3个对数级、融合基因转阴是影响患者RFS预后良好的因素（P<0.05）；而白细胞≥20×109/L,C-Kit D816突变是影响患者OS和RFS预后不良的因素（P<0.05）。...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.