阿霉素性心力衰竭模型与氧化应激

本实验观察了阿霉素复制慢性心衰模型的心功能、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的动态变化发生情况,结果表明在阿霉索引起大鼠心功能显著降低的同时MDA含量显著增加,SOD活性显著下降,提示阿霉素性心力衰竭模型有异常显著的氧化应激反应发生,提示阿霉素性心衰中心肌细胞凋亡的发生与氧化应激有密切关系。     

科素亚对心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的 应用科素亚治疗慢性压力负荷性心力衰竭大鼠,探讨其对心肌细胞凋亡及Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平的影响,为心力衰竭发病机制及治疗提供实验依据.方法 30只SD大鼠随机分为心衰组(n=10)、治疗组(n=10)和对照组(n=10),采用鼠腹主动脉缩窄术复制心力衰竭模型.治疗组给予科素亚30 mg·kg-1·d-1 灌胃,心衰组和对照组分别给予等体积生理盐水灌胃;3个月后测量血流动力学指标,原位脱氧核糖核酸酶末端标记法(TUNEL)检测心肌细胞凋亡,免疫组织化学染色法检测心肌Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达.结果 心衰组与对照组相比,心功能明显减退(P<0.01),心肌细胞凋亡指数明显增加(P<0.01),心肌细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达减少、Bax蛋白表达增加、Bcl-2/Bax比值降低;治疗组与心衰组相比,心室重构改善(P<0.05),心肌细胞凋亡减少(P<0.01),心肌细胞中Bcl-2表达增加、Bax表达减少(P<0.05).结论 心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞凋亡增加与Bcl-2蛋白表达降低、Bax蛋白表达增加有关.减少Bax蛋白表达,同时增加Bcl-2蛋白表达水平,从而抑制心肌细胞凋亡改善心功能,是科素亚治疗心力衰竭的重要机制之一.     

PPARγ激动剂罗格列酮对缺氧/复氧大鼠心肌细胞氧化应激和凋亡的影响

目的 观察不同浓度PPARγ激动剂罗格列酮对缺氧/复氧大鼠心肌细胞氧化应激影响及细胞活力和凋亡情况.方法 建立大鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧模型.培养大鼠心肌细胞分为5组:Ⅰ组(正常组)、Ⅱ组(20μmo/L ROS组)、Ⅲ组(I/R组)、Ⅳ组(FR+20μmol/LROS组)、Ⅴ组(I/R+80μmol/LROS组),Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组在缺氧/复氧前12 h经ROS处理.分别在光镜和透射电镜下观察缺氧/复氧后各组心肌细胞形态改变,采用硫代巴比妥酸法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力,采用2,4-二硝基苯肼法测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量,采用MTT法比较各组心肌细胞活力和采用流式细胞术测定各组心肌细胞凋亡率.结果 与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ组的MDA和LDH含量及细胞凋亡率明显升高(P<0.05),SOD含量和细胞活力降低(P<0.05);Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组MDA和LDH含量及细胞凋亡率较Ⅲ组降低(P<0.05)而SOD含量和细胞活力增加(P<0.05).Ⅴ组MDA和LDH含量及细胞凋亡率较Ⅳ组降低(P<0.05)而SOD含量和细胞活力增加(P<0.05).电镜下观察到Ⅲ组(I/R组)心肌细胞形态出现明显凋亡损伤改变,凋亡小体形成,而Ⅴ组改变轻微.结论 罗格列酮可以显著减轻心肌细胞缺氧/复氧导致的氧化应激损伤,改善细胞活力和减轻心肌细胞凋亡率,并存在量效关系.     

Chymase抑制对糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨Chymase抑制对糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响机制。方法 24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(NC组,n=7)、糖尿病组(DM组,n=7)、应用糜酶(Chymase)抑制剂的糖尿病组(DM+Chy-I组,n=10)。采用链脲佐菌素(streptozocin,STZ)单次腹腔注射方法建立糖尿病大鼠模型。其中DM+Chy-I组给予糜酶抑制剂[Suc-Val-Pro-Phe P-(OPh)2,1mg/(kg·d)],12周后处死,采用脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测心肌细胞的凋亡指数(AI),Western blot法检测心肌caspase-3蛋白的表达,免疫组化检测心肌组织Chymase蛋白表达,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法(羟胺法)测定心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,TBA(thiobarbituric acid)法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果与NC组相比,DM组大鼠心肌细胞AI明显升高;caspase-3蛋白表达明显增加;MDA含量升高,SOD活力降低(P<0.05);与DM组相比,Chymase抑制剂使心肌细胞AI明显降低;caspase-3蛋白表达减少;MDA含量降低,SOD活力升高(P<0.05)。结论 Chymase抑制剂减少了糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞的凋亡可能是通过抑制caspase-3的表达和氧化应激损伤。     

科素亚治疗心力衰竭对大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及Bax，Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的 应用氯沙坦甲片(科素亚)治疗慢性压力负荷性心力衰竭大鼠,探讨其对心肌细胞凋亡的改变及凋亡蛋白Bax,Bel-2蛋白表达水平的影响.方法 采用鼠的腹主动脉缩窄术,复制心力衰竭模型,30只大鼠随机分为心衰组,治疗组和对照组,各10只.手术后6周,充血性心力衰竭模型形成.治疗组给予科素亚30mg/(kg·d)灌胃.心衰组和对照组分别给予等量0.9%生理盐水灌胃.在3个月后测量血流动力学指标,用原位脱氧核糖核酸酶末端标记法(TUNEL)检测心肌细胞凋亡;免疫组织化学染色法测心肌Bax,Bel-2蛋白表达.结果 心衰组与对照组相比,心功能明显减退(P<0,01),心肌细胞凋亡指数明显增加(P<0.01),在心肌细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达减少、Bax蛋白表达增加,Bel-2/Bax的比率降低.科素亚治疗组与心衰组相比,心室重构改善(P<0.05),心肌细胞凋亡减少(P<0.01);增加Bel-2、减少Bax在心肌细胞中的蛋白表达(P<0.05).结论 心力衰竭大鼠的心肌细胞凋亡指数的增加与Bel-2蛋白表达降低、Bax蛋白表达增加有关.减少Bax蛋白表达,同时增加Bel-2蛋白表达,从而抑制心肌细胞凋亡改善心功能,是科素亚治疗心力衰竭的重要机制之一.     

氧化应激对COPD大鼠膈肌影响及N-乙酰半胱氨酸作用

[摘要] 目的 研究氧化应激对COPD大鼠膈肌萎缩的影响及机制;N-乙酰半胱氨酸对膈肌的保护机制。方法 24只SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、COPD组、N-乙酰半胱氨酸干预组(NAC组)。膈肌称重,透射电镜观察超微结构。检测各组大鼠膈肌中MDA含量、SOD活力、泛素蛋白表达及膈肌细胞凋亡指数（AI）。结果 较对照组COPD组大鼠膈肌重量、SOD活力、泛素平均灰度值均显著降低（P<0.01）;MDA含量、AI显著升高（P<0.01）;较COPD组NAC组大鼠膈肌重量、SOD活力、泛素平均灰度值均显著升高（P<0.01）;MDA含量、AI显著降低（P<0.01）;COPD组较对照组膈肌超微结构损害明显,NAC组较COPD组明显改善。结论 氧化应激水平升高使COPD大鼠膈肌萎缩,超微结构破坏,过多的氧自由基可通过使泛素蛋白及细胞凋亡增加致膈肌萎缩变薄、N-乙酰半胱氨酸可降低膈肌氧化应激水平从而起保护作用。     

氧化应激对心衰大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响及卡维地洛的干预作用

目的:研究氧化应激对心衰心肌细胞凋亡的影响及卡维地洛的疗效.方法:构建心衰人鼠模型,随机分为心衰组,卡维地洛组.药物干预4周,测心功能指标、氧化代谢指标、心肌细胞凋亡率(AI).结果:心衰氧化应激与AI相关,AI与心功能恶化和度平行并与左心室质量指数(LVMl)有关,(P均＜0.05);卡维地洛改善心功能,纠正氧化失恒,降低LVMI、右心室质量指数(RVMI),AI下降(P均＜0.05).结论:氧化应激促进心肌细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡参与心室重构并提示心衰预后.卡维地洛改善心功能,机制可能与其抗氧化应激、抗细胞凋亡、逆转心室重构有关.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对抗肺气肿大鼠膈肌细胞凋亡的作用机制

目的研究引起肺气肿大鼠膈肌细胞凋亡的机制和骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）移植对抗膈肌细胞凋亡的作用机制。方法实验分为三组：正常对照组、肺气肿组、肺气肿＋MSCs移植组。检测各组大鼠膈肌重量,膈肌中丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力,膈肌细胞凋亡指数（AI）,测定膈肌Bcl～2、Bax蛋白表达。结果肺气肿组与肺气肿＋MSCs移植组大鼠膈肌重量、SOD活力均较对照组显著降低（P〈0．01）,MDA含量、AI、Bax蛋白表达显著升高（P〈0．01）;肺气肿＋MSCs移植纽大鼠膈肌重量、SOD活力、Bcl-2蛋白表达均显著高于肺气肿纽（P〈0．01）,MDA含量、AI、Bax蛋白表达显著低于肺气肿组（P〈0．01）。结论氧化应激水平升高引起肺气肿大鼠膈肌细胞凋亡,骨髓间充质干细胞移植可降低膈肌氧化应激水平从而减少肺气肿大鼠膈肌细胞凋亡。     

四逆汤对大鼠心力衰竭血流动力学的影响及其部分机制探讨

目的探讨四逆汤对大鼠心力衰竭血流动力学的影响及其机制。方法实验随机分为正常对照组、单纯心衰组、心衰 四逆汤组。用盐酸阿霉素尾静脉注射造模,每隔5天注射一次(同一时间),共3次。注药完毕观察3周后,进行血流动力学测定(心输出量、左心室最大变化速率),取血及心肌测定SOD活性、MDA含量情况。各指标进行统计学处理,P<0.05为有统计学意义,P<0.01为有显著统计学意义。结果与心衰组比较,四逆汤组心输出量明显上升(P<0.05),而SOD活性显著增加(P<0.05),MDA含量显著下降(P<0.05)。结论四逆汤具有保护大鼠心力衰竭血流动力学的作用,该作用与其增强心肌收缩力、抑制氧化应激的效应有关。     

利心冲剂对心力衰竭大鼠模型的氧化应激和凋亡相关基因的影响

目的探讨利心冲剂调控心力衰竭大鼠模型氧化应激抗细胞凋亡的分子机制。方法实验分组：正常组、模型组、卡托普利治疗组、利心冲剂低剂量组、利心冲剂高剂量组。腹腔注射阿霉素（ADR）5mg/kg,每5天1次,共3次,复制大鼠心力衰竭模型,左心室插管术测定血流动力学指标;血清学检测氧化指标SOD1、MDA;Real time PCR检测氧化应激及凋亡相关基因SOD1、PGC-1α和Bcl-2、Bax。结果利心冲剂治疗组和模型组比较,形态学显示心肌细胞变性坏死明显减轻;左心室收缩内压显著升高;氧化应激相关指标SOD1、PGC-1α升高、MDA降低;凋亡相关基因Bcl-2升高、Bax/Bcl-2降低;均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。 结论利心冲剂调控氧化应激相关基因SOD1、PGC-1α,降低凋亡相关基因Bax/ Bcl-2表达,减轻心肌细胞凋亡,改善心脏收缩与舒张功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.