两种方法测量抗菌肽s-thanatin大鼠体内血药浓度的结果比较

目的:分别用间接竞争ELISA法和放射性同位素标记法测定不同时间点抗菌肽s-thanatin(Ts)在动物体内的血药浓度变化,比较两种方法测量结果的差异并分析原因.方法:制备Ts的多克隆抗体,分离纯化多克隆抗体并建立间接竞争ELISA方法的标准曲线.用125I对Ts进行标记,制作同位素标记法的标准曲线.18只SD大鼠随机分为3组,分别按20、10和5 mg·kg-1的剂量尾静脉注射给药(放射性同位素标记法中注射Ts为125I-Ts),于给药后不同时间点眼眶取血,分别用两种方法测定动物体内血药浓度,计算药物半衰期.最后,比较两种方法测量结果的差异,并对其进行分析.结果:间接竞争ELISA法测得Ts在动物体内的半衰期为1.5 h左右,而用放射性同位素标记法测得的半衰期为6 h左右.放射性同位素法测得的生物利用度大约为间接竞争ELISA法的20倍.结论:同位素示踪法测得的药物浓度为动物体内药物代谢物的总量,因此需要借助其它分析仪器才能进行准确的定量试验.     

99mTC示踪法初步研究注射用NGF脂质体药代动力学

目的:使用~(99)mTc示踪初步研究注射用神经生长因子(NGF)脂质体在家兔体内药代动力学。方法:将NGF用99mTC标记,利用同位素示踪法和三氯乙酸(TCA)沉淀法测得NGF含量与放射性计数的线性关系,标记后的NGF制备成NGF脂质体,静脉注射至家兔体内,通过上述检测方法得到不同时段血浆中微量NGF浓度,使用3P87软件分析药代动力学参数并初步分析组织分布。结果:NGF脂质体静脉注射后的家兔体内代谢符合二隔室分布模型;按剂量40mg/kg静脉注射后,测得t1/2α=0.222h、t1/2β=2.526h、AUC=120.637ng/h·ml-1。结论:NGF脂质体有一定的缓释作用。     

聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子的药代动力学与组织分布研究

目的 研究聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(PEG-rhG-CSF)在动物体内的药代动力学与组织分布.方法 猕猴给予不同剂量(30、100和300μg/kg)的PEG-rhG-CSF,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定猕猴血浆中PEG-rhG-CSF浓度;[(125)I]标记示踪法结合分子排阻色潜法观察PEG-rhG-...     

99mTc标记法测定注射用脂质体包裹神经生长因子血药浓度及其药代动力学初步分析

目的　初步研究自制注射用脂质体包裹神经生长因子 (NGF)针在小鼠体内血药浓度及药代动力学。方法　将NGF用99mTc标记 ,利用同位素示踪法和SDS -PAGE电泳法测得NGF含量与放射性计数的线性关系 ,标记后的NGF用脂质体包裹后 ,静脉注射至小鼠体内 ,通过上述检测方法得到不同时段血浆中微量NGF浓度 ,使用 3P97软件分析药代动力学参数并初步分析组织分布。结果与结论　脂质体包裹99mTc -NGF针静脉注射后的小鼠体内代谢符合二隔室分布模型 ;按剂量 83 .5 μg/kg静脉注射后 ,测得t1 / 2α=0 .2 19h、t1 / 2 β=4.43h、AUC =182 .92 4ng·h·ml-1 。     

酶联免疫法和化学发光法在测定CA125中的对比分析

目的探讨酶联免疫(ELISA)法与化学发光法测定血清糖类抗原125(CA125)的结果比较.方法 用上述两种方法的检测试剂及仪器对97例卵巢癌患者的血清标本分别进行检测,然后进行结果分析.结果 低浓度(0.0~35.0 U/ml)CA125和高浓度(400.1~2000.0 U/ml)CA125以上述两种方法检测,测定结果比较差异有统计学意义;中浓度(35.1~200.0 U/ml、200.1~400.0 U/ml)CA125以上述两种方法检测,测定结果比较差异无统计学意义.结论 酶联免疫法快速、简便、成本低廉,适用于批量体检标本检测.化学发光法灵敏度高、特异性强、线性范围宽,适合卵巢癌病人临床早期诊断(或排除)以及治疗过程中的疗效监测.     

放射性核素示踪法对多肽VEGF125-136在家兔体内的药代动力学研究

目的 探讨VEGF125-136在家兔体内的药代动力学.方法 采用放射性核素99Tcm对VEGF125-136进行间接标记.测定6 只家兔静脉注射37 MBq 99Tcm-VEGF125-136后不同时间血浆中药物的放射性浓度,用DAS软件编制放射性浓度-时间曲线,并计算药代动力学参数.结果 99Tcm-VEGF125-136的放射化学纯度大于97%,99Tcm-VEGF125-136在家兔体内的代谢符合三室模型,快分布相半衰期(t1/2α)为(5.327±2.351) min,慢分布相半衰期(t1/2β)为(26.446±6.502) min,消除相半衰期(t1/2γ)为(304.41±216.811) min,转运速率常数K10、K12、K21 、K31 及K13分别为(0.047±0.034)、(40.65±68.54)、(0.111±0.058)、(0.111±0.058) min-1及(0.002±0.004) min-1,清除率(CL)为(4.00±1.00) ml/min.结论 VEGF125-136在家兔体内的药代动力学符合三室模型,且血液清除快而周边血管丰富的组织停留时间相对较长.     

酶联免疫法与化学发光免疫法检测AFP的比较

目的对甲胎蛋白(AFP)试验进行方法学探讨.方法 ①对比实验用酶联免疫法和化学发光免疫法同时测定88例临床送检血清标本甲胎蛋白(AFP)的含量.②线性实验 将标准液按不同的浓度稀释后做线性实验.③精密度实验 用两法对低、中、高值质控品分别进行精密度实验.结果 ①结果表明,两法无显著差异(P>0.05),相关系数r=0.995,提示两法呈良好相关性.②线性实验显示酶联免疫法和化学发光免疫法分别在5~400 ng/ml和2~900 ng/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系.③精密度实验表明化学发光重复性好于酶联免疫法,特别是病理高值化学发光明显优于酶联免疫法.结论 化学发光免疫法的精密度和准确性均优于酶联免疫法.     

五加皮Age蛋白的药动学研究

目的研究五加皮Age蛋白的药动学特征。方法采用氯胺T法用125I标记Age蛋白,形成125I-Age复合物。S180荷瘤小鼠iv给药后,采用同位素示踪法结合SDS-PAGE电泳测定血浆中Age蛋白质量浓度。用3P87药动学软件分析血浆中Age蛋白的药动学参数。结果小鼠iv125I-Age后,Age蛋白在体内的代谢符合二房室分布模型。按剂量50、100、200μg/kgiv后,测得Age蛋白分布相半衰期(t1/2α)分别为0.34、0.45、0.26h,消除相半衰期(t1/2β)为14.13、16.49、17.42h,全身清除率(CLs)为0.0454、0.0491、0.0533mL/(h·kg)。结论Age蛋白在荷瘤小鼠体内药动学行为符合线性二室模型,在体内的分布和消除均较慢。     

治疗剂量131I早期摄取率检测方法比较

目的: 用不同方法比较示踪剂量与治疗剂量131I早期摄取率,为临床治疗甲状腺功能亢进症提供依据.方法: 弥漫性甲状腺肿伴甲亢患者108例,分别用甲状腺功能仪及SPECT的感兴趣区法(ROI)测定甲状腺摄131I率,比较得出两种剂量摄131I率的关系.结果: 用甲状腺功能仪方法测出的甲状腺摄131I率示踪剂量均低于治疗剂量(P<0.01),两种方法之间存在统计学差异(F=53.64, P<0.01);而SPECT的感兴趣区(ROI)法测得的24 h甲状腺摄131I率治疗剂量与示踪剂量无显著性差异(t=1.14, P>0.05),SPECT的治疗剂量ROI法和甲状腺功能仪的示踪剂量法之间无统计学意义(F=0.17, P>0.05).结论: 甲状腺功能仪测定的示踪剂量24 h摄131I率完全反映治疗剂量甲状腺摄131I率;用SPECT的ROI法可测定治疗剂量的甲状腺摄131I率.     

^125I标记眼睛蛇神经毒素透过家兔直肠吸收实验研究

目的：建立测定家兔血浆中眼睛蛇神经毒素（Neurotoxins,Nt)的放射性核素（^125I）示踪法,观察冰茶栓中Nt透直肠粘膜吸收情况。方法：^125I-Nt采用氯胺T法标记,血浆中Nt浓度采用同位素结合三氯醋酸（TCA）沉淀法测定。结果：Nt浓度在5－500ng/ml之间线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9990,平均回收率＝86．8％,RSD小于10％,最小检测线为3ng/ml。冰茶栓中,家兔按0．39mg/kg直肠给^125I-Nt后,能检测到Nt在血浆中含量。结论：放射性核素（^125I)示踪法可用于血浆Nt含量测定,冰茶栓中Nt能透过直肠粘膜吸收。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.