大学生网络成瘾类型与学习倦怠的关系

目的了解我国大学生网络成瘾的现状,探讨网络成瘾类型与学习倦怠的关系,为网络成瘾方面的研究提供参考和理论依据。方法采用两阶段分层抽样的方法,以大学生网络成瘾类型问卷和大学生学习倦怠量表为工具,对河南省7所高校(新乡医学院、新乡医学院三全学院、新乡学院、河南科技学院、河南师范大学、河南工业大学、郑州大学工学院)大一、大二、大三3个年级的1 485名学生进行调查;根据网络成瘾量表得分将网络成瘾者分为高分组和低分组,并对其学习倦怠的差异进行统计分析。结果在网络成瘾各类型中,高分组大学生学习倦怠总分以及各维度得分均显著高于低分组(P<0.01)。网络游戏成瘾得分与情绪低落、行为不当及学习倦怠总分均存在正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01);网络信息问卷得分与情绪低落存在正相关(P<0.05)。结论网络信息成瘾倾向越高,情绪低落的表现越明显;网络游戏成瘾、网络人际关系成瘾和网络信息成瘾的倾向越明显,越容易产生学习倦怠。     

生活事件父母教养及应对方式对大学生网络成瘾影响的相关研究

目的 探讨生活事件、父母教养及应对方式与大学生网络成瘾之间的关系.方法 采用网络成瘾诊断量表从大学生中筛选出网络成瘾组30例,并在非网络成瘾者中随机抽取30例作为对照,然后对两组大学生进行父母教养方式评价量表、青少年生活事件量表、应对方式量表的测评.比较两组的得分情况.结果 在生活事件方面,网络成瘾组在学习压力、人际关系、惩罚等方面得分高于非网络成瘾组(P<0.01);在父母教养方式方面,网络成瘾组在父亲情感温暖、父亲拒绝否认、父亲惩罚严厉、父亲过分干涉以及母亲过度干涉保护上等方面的得分高于非网络成瘾组(P<0.01).在应对方式方面,网络成瘾组在逃避、幻想等方面得分高于非网络成瘾组(P<0.01).结论 负性生活事件、不恰当的父母教养方式和消极的应对方式可能与大学生网络成瘾有关.     

中医院校大学生网络成瘾与五态人格的关系

目的 探讨中医院校大学生网络成瘾发生情况,及其与五态人格的关系。方法 采用中文网络成瘾量表,筛选出网瘾组与对照组进行研究。结果 筛选853名中医专业网络成瘾大学生个案52例,网瘾发生率为5.51%。网瘾组太阳、少阳因子得分低于对照组（P＜0.01）,太阴、少阴因子得分高于对照组（P＜0.01）;网瘾各因子得分与太阴因子得分呈正相关（P＜0.01）,其中强迫性上网行为、网络成瘾耐受性和人际及健康问题得分与少阴因子得分呈正相关（P＜0.01）,太阴、少阴进入回归方程（F=9.903,P＜0.01）,对网瘾有预测作用。结论 太阴、少阴人格与网瘾密切相关;太阴、少阴因子得分对网瘾有预测作用。     

负性情绪对大学生网络成瘾的影响及疲劳的中介作用

目的探讨大学生负性情绪对网络成瘾的影响,以及疲劳的中介作用。方法采用陈淑惠中文网络量表、疲劳评定量表(fatigue assessment scale,FAI)和正性负性情绪量表(the positive and negative affect scale,PANAS)对8371名大学一年级学生进行调查,采用SPSS 23.0进行数据分析,并进行中介效应检验。结果大学生网络成瘾量表总分以及各因子得分与正性情绪得分均呈负相关(r=-0.337^-0.269;均P<0.01),大学生网络成瘾量表总分以及各因子得分与负性情绪得分均呈正相关(r=0.338~0.417;均P<0.01)。大学生网络成瘾量表总分以及各因子得分与疲劳严重程度得分均呈正相关(r=0.029~0.040;均P<0.01),大学生网络成瘾量表总分以及各因子得分与疲劳的环境特异性得分、疲劳的结果得分部分呈正相关(r=0.021~0.028;均P<0.05)。大学生情绪和疲劳对网络成瘾有一定的预测作用,可以解释网络成瘾总分36.9%的变异量(F=979.336,P<0.01),在网络成瘾和负性情绪之间,疲劳起部分中介作用。结论负性情绪不仅直接影响大学生的网络成瘾程度,还可以通过疲劳的部分中介作用影响大学生网络成瘾程度。     

护理专业医学生网络成瘾与生活事件的关系

目的:了解护理专业医学生网络成瘾倾向与生活事件发生的关系。方法:采用网络成瘾量表、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC),对150名在校护理专业医学生进行问卷调查,网络成瘾量表总分大于58分为成瘾组(12名),低于58分为非成瘾组(129名),量表均以分值进行统计分析。结果:重度网络成瘾者占2.1%,轻度网络成瘾者占6.4%,网络成瘾组的生活事件量表得分显著高于未成瘾组(P<0.05),进一步多元回归分析显示"受惩罚因子"、"人际关系因子"均进入回归方程,生活事件能预测网络成瘾68.1%。结论:生活事件作为一种心理社会应激源,对护理专业医学生网络成瘾倾向产生一定的影响,并对网络成瘾倾向有一定的预测作用。     

大学生网络成瘾倾向与应对方式及自尊水平的关系研究

[目的]初步探讨应对方式对自尊水平与网络成瘾倾向的中介作用,探求通过中间变量干预大学生网络成瘾的方法。[方法]采用应对方式问卷、中文成瘾量表、自尊量表对812名大学生施测,并对数据进行相关分析、回归分析和中介效应检验。[结果]①大学生总体的网络成瘾倾向较低。②根据网络成瘾量表得分可将被试分为三组,网络成瘾组72人,网络依赖组408人,使用正常组332人。三组被试在应对方式的各个维度上存在显著差异,在自尊水平上存在显著差异。③网瘾总分、自尊水平和应对方式的各个维度显著相关。④自尊对网络成瘾的标准回归系数在引入应对因子后均有所下降。[结论]自尊水平、应对方式直接影响网络成瘾倾向,同时应对方式是自尊水平与网络成瘾倾向的中介变量。     

内蒙古地区网络成瘾大学生心理健康状况研究

目的调查研究内蒙古地区网络成瘾大学生的心理健康现状,探讨网络成瘾对其心理、行为等方面的影响。方法从我区5所高等学校中随机抽取5 000名学生填写SCL-90自评量表、网络成瘾量表、家庭亲密度和适应性量表并对量表结果进行分析。结果网络成瘾大学生SCL-90总分高于正常大学生,差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）。网络成瘾大学生躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执,因子得分均高于正常大学生,差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）。恐怖因子、精神病性因子得分与正常大学生组相比,差异不具有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。网络成瘾大学生家庭实际亲密度、家庭理想亲密度、家庭实际适应性、家庭理想适应性均低于正常大学生,差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论网络成瘾大学生应该得到家庭、学校、社会的广泛关注,家庭因素可能与网络成瘾有关。     

父母教养方式、领悟社会支持与大学生健康素养的关系

目的:探讨父母教养方式、领悟社会支持和大学生健康素养水平的相关性.方法:采用父母教养方式问卷(中文版简式)、领悟社会支持量表、一般人口学资料、健康素养问卷,对安徽省某市三所高校的1 783名大学生进行不记名调查.结果:大学生健康素养得分为61.11分;健康知识和理念得分为 62.75分;健康生活方式与行为得分为51.98分;健康技能得分为80.80分;多元回归分析结果表明:性别、年级、专业是作用于大学生健康素养的重要因素.大学生健康素养与父母拒绝因子、父母情感温暖因子分别呈显著负相关关系和显著正相关关系(P<0.01),和父母过度保护因子无相关性.大学生健康素养与领悟社会支持各维度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01).结论:大学生健康素养水平偏低,且其三个维度处于不均衡水平,健康技能水平偏高,而健康生活方式与行为水平偏低.父母情感温暖教养方式和领悟社会支持有利于提高大学生的健康素养水平;父母拒绝教养方式则相反.性别、年级、专业、父母亲拒绝、母亲情感温暖、母亲过度保护,领悟社会支持总分、朋友支持等因素均影响大学生健康素养水平.     

青少年网络成瘾认知行为取向团体心理治疗效果观察

目的探讨认知行为取向的团体心理治疗对青少年网络成瘾的治疗效果,为预防青少年网络成瘾,构建青少年网络成瘾心理治疗体系提供理论依据。方法以网络成瘾量表(IAT)从2 784名学生中筛选出80名网络成瘾者,其中77名同意入组,将入组学生随机分为观察组38名和对照组39名。以认知行为取向的团体心理治疗对观察组学生治疗8周,对照组学生不做处理,最终完成研究的学生观察组36名,对照组38名。治疗前后分别以IAT、90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)、青少年时间管理倾向量表(ATMD)对2组网络成瘾者进行评估并比较。结果治疗前2组网络成瘾者IAT得分、SCL-90各项得分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);SCSQ中积极应对得分、消极应对得分及ATMD中时间价值感得分、时间监控感得分、时间效能感得分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组网络成瘾者显效及有效27名,无效9名,对照组38名均无改变,2组网络成瘾者网络成瘾治疗情况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SCL-90除偏执和精神病性外,其他因子观察组网络成瘾者均较对照组得分显著降低(P<0.05);SCSQ观察组网络成瘾者积极应对方式得分较对照组显著增加(P<0.05),消极应对方式得分较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);ATMD观察组网络成瘾者在时间价值感、时间监控感、时间效能感方面得分均较对照组显著增加(P<0.05)。结论认知行为取向的团体心理治疗能显著改善青少年网络成瘾及心理健康状况,优化其应对方式并提高其时间管理能力。     

大学生网络成瘾与家庭满意度的关系研究

目的:了解大学生病理性网络使用与家庭满意度的关系.方法:对重庆市256名大学生进行网络成瘾量表(Interaetaddiction impairment index,IAⅡ)与青少年家庭满意度问卷(Adolescents' family satisfaction scale,AFSS)测试.结果:(1)大学生网络成瘾(Intemet addiction disorder,IAD)检出率为12.1%;(2)大学生网络成瘾与未成瘾组在家庭环境、家庭教养方式、家庭成员间的沟通了解3个方面得分存在显著性差异;(3)相关分析表明大学生网络成瘾问卷得分与家庭满意度问卷总分及其各因子呈负相关(r=-0.368～-0.605).结论:大学生网络成瘾检出率较高,大学生网络成瘾与学生家庭满意度密切相关,大学生网络成瘾的预防、干预、治疗应多从家庭着手.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.