定量组织速度显像评价急诊PCI治疗对急性心肌梗死患者左室收缩和舒张功能的影响

目的 应用定量组织速度显像评价急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者左室收缩和舒张功能的影响.方法 本研究共入选22例急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者,于急诊PCI治疗前及治疗后1周、3个月、6个月分别测定患者的左房室瓣环收缩期峰值速度(Sa)、舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)和舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa),并计算Ea/Aa比值.结果 (1)PCI治疗后1周患者Sa与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(q=0.515,P<0.05);PCI治疗后3、6个月患者Sa较治疗前有所升高,差异均有统计学意义(q值分别为0.042和0.029,P<0.05);PCI治疗后3个月与治疗后1周时比较Sa也有所升高,差异有统计学意义(q=0.012,P<0.05).(2)急诊PCI治疗后3、6个月患者Ea与治疗前比较有所升高,差异均有统计学意义(q值分别为0.012和0.011,P<0.05).(3)急诊PCI治疗后1周、3个月和6个月患者Ea/Aa比值与治疗前比较有所升高,差异均有统计学意义(q值分别为0.023、0.018和0.012,P<0.05).结论 急诊PCI治疗可以改善AMI患者的左室收缩和舒张功能;定量组织速度显像可以准确、敏感地评价AMI患者急诊PCI治疗后左室收缩和舒张功能变化.     

定量组织多普勒速度成像技术评价冠心病患者冠脉内支架置入术的疗效

目的旨在应用定量组织多普勒速度成像(QTVI)技术评价冠心病患者冠脉内支架置入术后左室收缩舒张功能的改变,观察冠脉内支架置入术的疗效。方法收集行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术并支架置入术或直接冠脉内支架置入术的冠心病患者29例。应用QTVI分别测定患者冠脉支架置入术前、术后2 d及术后2个月二尖瓣环后间隔、侧壁、前间隔、后壁、前壁、下壁6个位点的峰值速度(Sa)、舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa)、舒张早期与舒张晚期峰值速度比值(Ea/Aa),计算6个位点平均值代表瓣环的整体运动。结果冠心病患者支架置入后2 d QTVI测得的二尖瓣环收缩期峰值速度(Sa)、舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、Ea/Aa较术前有不同程度升高,但无统计学意义(>0.05)。支架置入术后2个月二尖瓣环收缩期峰值速度(Sa)、舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、Ea/Aa与术前比较显著增加,差异有统计学意义(<0.01)。结论 QTVI测定二尖瓣环运动速度是一种无创性评价冠心病患者冠状动脉支架置入术后疗效的有效方法,远期疗效优于近期疗效。     

缺血后适应在急性心肌梗死冠脉介入治疗中的保护作用

①目的探讨缺血后适应（IPC）在急性心肌梗死（AMI）直接经皮冠动脉介入治疗（PCI）中的保护作用。②方法选择直接PCI的首次AMI患者110例,随机分为IPC组和常规PCI组,观察术中PCI后梗死相关动脉的校正TIMI帧数（CorrectedTIMIFrameCounts,cT—FC）,监测术后1周内心肌酶学变化,术后即刻、1周、3月行超声心动图检查,监测左心室射血分数（LVEF）,于组织多普勒成像下监测二尖瓣环部侧壁缘测量其舒张早期峰值速度Ea（cm／s）、舒张晚期峰值速度Aa（cm／s）和收缩期峰值速度s（cm／s）,并计算舒张早期与舒张晚期运动峰值速度之比（Ea／Aa）。③结果IPC组的CTFC及CK—MB均低于常规PCI组（P〈0．05）;与术后即刻比较两组术后1周、3个月时,LVEF、Ea／Aa、S均改善,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后1周时IPC组与常规PCI组比较,LVEF无差别,而s和Ea／Aa较常规PCI组改善明显;术后3月时,LVEF、S和Ea／Aa均较常规组改善明显。④结论缺血后适应在AMI患者冠脉介入治疗中能保护近期及远期再灌注心肌,同时对冠脉介入治疗解剖学成功率无影响。     

应变率成像对急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后局部心肌功能的评价

目的应用应变率成像技术评价早期、延期的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对急性心肌梗死患者局部心肌功能的影响。方法将30例ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者分为早期PCI组、延期PCI组,在PCI术前及术后1周、1个月、3个月分别测定收缩期、舒张早期、舒张晚期的应变率峰值(SR)。结果早期PCI组:PCI术后1个月及3个月的收缩期应变率峰值(SRS)、舒张早期应变率峰值(SRE)和舒张晚期应变率峰值(SRA)与术前间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);延期PCI组:术后3个月的SRE与术前间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应变率成像可定量评价急性心肌梗死患者早期、延期PCI后局部心肌功能的变化。     

血运重建对急性心肌梗死患者心脏胶原重构及左心功能的影响

目的评价血运重建对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者心脏胶原重构及左心室收缩、舒张功能的影响。方法将54例AMI患者依是否接受血运重建治疗分为常规药物治疗组(n=18)和血运重建组(n=36),应用酶联免疫法检测AMI后3、6及12个月的血清Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽(PICP)和Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ),同时行心脏彩色超声检测左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣血流舒张早期流速(E)和心房收缩期流速(A)比值(E/A)、二尖瓣环收缩期运动速度峰值(Sa)、舒张早期运动速度峰值(Ea)和舒张晚期运动速度峰值(Aa),并计算Ea/Aa比值。以20例健康体检者为对照组进行对比分析。结果血运重建组PICP在3、6个月时点,PCⅢ在3月时点明显低于同期常规治疗组(P<0.01);血运重建组LVEF在6个月、12个月时点和Sa在6个月时点明显大于同期常规治疗组(P<0.01);血运重建组各时点E/A、Ea/Aa较同期常规治疗组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论实施血运重建可以明显抑制心脏胶原重构,改善心肌收缩功能,而对舒张功能的改善不明显。     

二尖瓣环运动速度评价择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对急性心肌梗死患者心功能的近期疗效

目的探讨应用组织多普勒成像技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度,评价择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对急性心肌梗死患者左室收缩和舒张功能的近期疗效。方法 2010年1月-2012年12月收治的行择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗急性心肌梗死患者45例为观察组,并设健康对照组40例,2组均进行超声心动图检查,应用组织多普勒成像技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度,比较2组及观察组术前、术后3~7 d、术后1个月反映左室收缩与舒张功能的各项指标。结果观察组收缩期S峰(Sa)、舒张期E峰(Ea)均低于健康对照组,二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期速度(E)与Ea的比值(E/Ea)高于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、E和舒张晚期速度(A)的比值(E/A)、二尖瓣E峰减速时间(DT)比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);术后3~7 d各项指标较术前有改善趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1个月Sa较术前显著增加,而E/Ea较术前、术后3~7 d显著降低(P均<0.05)。结论应用组织多普勒成像技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度,可有效评价左室收缩与舒张功能,判定术后疗效。     

2型糖尿病患者左心室舒张功能与血管内皮功能间的关系

目的 探讨糖尿病患者左心室舒张功能变化与血管内皮功能改变之间的关系.方法 采用高频率超声观察50例2型糖尿病患者和25例健康对照者肱动脉充血后反应性扩张(dilation to reactive hyperemia,DTRH)和含服硝酸甘油后血管内径的变化(dilation to nitroglycerin administration,DTNG).应用组织多普勒显像技术(tissue Doppler imaging, TDI)检测二尖瓣环的舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa)并计算两者之间的比值(Ea/Aa).结果 Ea/Aa正常及异常的糖尿病患者DTRH均低于对照组(P＜0.05),且Ea/Aa异常的患者DTRH低于Ea/Aa正常的糖尿病患者[(4.02±1.66)%vs(7.05±2.05)%,P＜0.05];而DTNG在Ea/Aa正常及异常的糖尿病患者和对照者之间无显著性差异(P>0.05).相关分析表明:糖尿病患者DTRH与二尖瓣环运动速度Ea/Aa比值及Ea呈正相关(r＝0.62,P＜0.01 和r＝0.45,P＜0.05),与Aa呈负相关(r=-0.30,P＜0.05). 结论 Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血管内皮功能改变与左心室舒张功能的变化密切相关,血管内皮功能障碍可能在糖尿病患者左心室舒张功能发生发展中起作用.     

多普勒组织成像评价川崎病患儿左心室功能

目的 应用多普勒组织成像速度测量二尖瓣环舒缩速度,以评价川崎病患儿左心室功能.方法 对川崎病患儿(分2组)及正常儿童分别测量二尖瓣环各点收缩期峰值速度(Sa),舒张早期峰值速度(Ea),舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa).结果 川崎病1组患儿Sa 、Ea、 Aa与正常儿童比较差异无显著意义,川崎病2组患儿Sa 、Ea与正常儿童比较差异有显著意义,而Aa差异无显著意义.结论 川崎病合并冠状动脉病变的患儿左室长轴收缩功能和主动松弛功能较正常儿童减低.     

多普勒组织成像技术对窒息新生儿左心室舒张功能的评价

目的探讨多普勒组织成像（DTI）技术对窒息新生儿左心室舒张功能的评估价值。方法窒息患儿60例（轻度窒息组及重度窒息组各30例）和对照组30例分别于出生后24、48和72h,应用DTI技术检测二尖瓣舒张早期运动速度（Ea）、二尖瓣舒张晚期运动速度（Aa）和两者的比值（Ea/Aa）,同时用二尖瓣口血流频谱检测三组二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度峰值（E）、二尖瓣舒张晚期血流速度峰值（A）和两者的比值（E/A）,比较两种方法所测指标的差异。结果二尖瓣口血流频谱检测的E、A和E/A,窒息组与对照组比较在72h差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;DTI技术检测的Ea、Aa和Ea/Aa,三组各时段差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 DTI技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度,很少受心率、心脏负荷状态的影响,比二尖瓣口血流频谱能更敏感、更准确地评价左心室的舒张功能。     

组织多普勒成像评价肺心病右室功能的临床研究

目的应用组织多普勒成像技术(TDI)测量三尖瓣环运动速度评价肺心病患者右室功能,探讨组织多普勒成像评价肺心病患者右室功能的临床价值。方法对92例肺心病患者行超声心动图检查,测量各项常规参数。应用TDI采集二尖瓣环3个位点的运动频谱,测量各位点的收缩期峰值速度(Sa)、收缩期位移(Ds)、舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa)并与健康对照组进行对照分析。结果病例组三尖瓣环各位点Sa、Ds、Ea、Aa较对照组明显降低,差异具统计学意义。结论肺心病患者右室心肌的收缩和舒张均较正常人减弱,右室功能降低。TDI可准确、定量、无创地评价肺心病患者右室功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.